Chiphunzitso
Wolemba waku America Rex Claut kuchokera zaka zazing'ono zomwe adazizwa anthu oyandikana ndi luso lakelo: mwana yemwe pofika zaka 4 amatha kuwerenga Bayibulo kuchokera ku nkhatani, wotchedwa wachifundo. Bizinesi inanso yokhudza mbola imadzazanso ndi zochitika za chidwi, kugwa ndi ups.
Amalandira ndalama zabwino - ndipo amataya ndalama zambiri pamavuto, amalemba ntchito imodzi, ndipo mwadzidzidzi sitima zapafupi. Kupambana kwachuma komanso kulephera kwakale kunatha pomwe wolemba wa Niro Wolfe ndi Archie Wolwin - zolemba za arfie, momwe awiriwa amagwirira ntchito, ndipo zambiri zimakondedwa ndi amitundu.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Rex Stout adabadwa pa Disembala 1, 1886 mumzinda wa Noblsville, Indiana, USA. Anali mwana wachisanu ndi chimodzi m'banjamo, anali ndi abale ndi alongo asanu ndi anayi. Makolo a wolemba dzina, John Wallam Stow ndi Lytetta Elizabeth Todharter, anali anthu achipembedzo - anali a gulu la anyamata. Maonekedwe a mnyamatayu, banja lawo lalikulu linasamukira ku Kansas.
Wolemba bambo anali mphunzitsi. Anagwiritsa ntchito luso lake pantchito, komanso kunyumba. Motsogozedwa kwake, anaphunzira molawirira kuti awerenge, patapita zaka zinayi anali ataphunzira kale Baibulo komanso kudutsa kawiri. Kuzungulira kwa mnyamatayo ndi afunde - A 13 adakhala mbiri ya boma la matchulidwe. Atamaliza sukulu yasekondale, Rex adalowa ku Yunivesite ya Kansas, yomwe ili ku Lawrence.
Tili ndi unyamata, kuyambira mu 1906 mpaka 1908, wolemba wamtsogolo adatumikira Navy, adatenganso ku Jung pa Purezidenti Yacht. Zaka 4 zotsatira, iwo adagwira ntchito kuno, pamenepo, kusamukira kudziko lina kupita kwina kukafunafuna gawo labwino kwambiri. Kenako mnyamatayo adaganiza zoyesa mphamvu m'mabuku. Mu 1910-1911, adasindikiza ndakatulo zingapo m'magazini ya Smart.
Wofufuza woyamba wachiroma Rex adafalitsidwa mu 1913. Komabe, chuma chochuluka kwambiri kwa mnyamatayo sanabweretse ntchito yake, ndipo pulogalamu yopezera ndalama zosungitsa kubanki kwa ana asukulu. Mu 1916 adalandiridwa m'masukulu 400 a US. Ndalama zomwe zalandilidwa ku bizinesiyi zinali zoposa zaka zingapo zokhalako komanso ulendo wopita ku Europe.
Mabuku
Yambitsani ntchito yake yolembedwa mu 1910. Pakati pa chaka cha 1912 ndi 1918, ntchito zoposa 40 zidafalitsidwa. Kwenikweni, adasindikizidwa omwe amatchedwa magazini ya Plyp - magazini otsika mtengo owerengedwa pa owerenga misa. Mabuku osindikizidwa ndi zolengedwa za Wolemba Wachinyamatayo anali Magazini ya Nkhani ya Zinthu Zonse, Magazini ya Smith, nkhani zazifupi ndi zina. Rex sanali ndi mtundu umodzi, nthawi imeneyo adalemba nthano, zopeka, za sayansi.
Kenako ntchitoyo idapuma pantchito ya Stata. Mnyamatayo amafuna kuti apeze ndalama zokwanira munjira zina, kutenga mabuku aliwonse okonza, osasokoneza. M'zaka 10 zotsatira, Rex sanalembe buku limodzi, gwero lalikulu la ndalama zake linali chiwongola dzanja cha wolemba chomwe wapanga kuti agwiritse ntchito pulogalamu ya banki. Koma, modabwitsa, bamboyo adataya ndalama zambiri mu 1929, pomwe kukhumudwa kwakukulu kunayamba.
Mu 1929, ntchito yatsopano ya Safe idasindikizidwa - buku la malingaliro "monga laumulungu". Zinatsatiridwa ndi mabuku ena atatu ofananira, koma sanachepetse kupambana kwambiri. Mu 1934, wolembayo sanatchule mwachidule Purezidenti wa ndale "wandale. Incognito wolemba kuti azule chidwi cha anthu, otsutsa adachita za zatsopanozi. Pomwe owerenga anali kulingalira omwe adalemba buku, Rex adakondwera ndi mbiri yake. Anatsegula dzina lake mu 1939.
Mu 1930s, wolembayo amayang'ana mokwanira mtundu wa wofufuza. Mu 1934, ku Fer-De-Lance kunasindikizidwa, kuyikidwa chiyambi cha mndandanda wa wofufuza zachinsinsi za Niro Wolfe ndi wothandizira zakale. Bukuli linafalitsidwa ku Farr & Rinehart Kufalitsa nyumba, ndipo njira yake yotsirizira inatulutsidwa mu kutulutsidwa kwa magazini ya America.
Farto nkhalf, kapena, pamene adayitana m'modzi wa ozunza, "Falfafo of the Wofufuza Zakufufuza", adabweretsa Sternory Chrena. Mabuku a Iye adapanga maziko a zikopa zingapo, mafilimu okhudza wofufuza wachinsinsi ndipo mtumiki wake adapezeka ku USA, Germany, Russia ndi Italy.
Mu 1937, m'buku "Lakunja", Rex adabweretsa mawonekedwe atsopano - ma hostess a bungwe lokhala ndi gulu lokhala ndi nyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, m'mabuku a wolemba nkhaniyo pamakhala nkhani zokhudzana ndi mwiniwake wa texm fox ndi zilembo zovomerezeka. Komabe, kupambana kwa mndandanda wa Niro Woll sikunabwerezedwe. Kuyambira mu 1940, adzipereka kwathunthu zolemba zingapo izi, mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake adayamba kungochita naye.
Mpaka mu 1966, wolemba adatulutsa buku limodzi pachaka. Kupatula kunapadera kunali kwa 1943, pomwe Rex adachita ntchito zaboma. Mwa kujowina guluwo lankhondo la ufulu ("kulimbana ndi ufulu"), anali wotsutsa-Nazi Propaganda. Nkhondo itatha, adabwereranso ku chuma. M'mawu onse 33 33 ndi nkhani 41 zidalembedwa za Niro Wolfe. Pakati pawo pali "League of the Druadhead" (1935), "maluwa akuda" (1941), "kupha mbewu" (1958) ndi ena.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo wa wolemba sunali nthawi yomweyo. Mu 1916, adakwatirana ndi mtsikanayo dzina lake Key Kennedy, yemwe anali wochokera ku mzinda wa mutu, Kansas. Ukwati wawo udagwa mu 1933. Mkazi wachiwiri Rex adakhala pansi OuINAch Hoffman, nee Josephine Paul Weinbach. Tikuwonani ndi wolemba wofufuza, adakhala ku Austria, komwe adaphunzira pa Jose wa Roma Foofmen. Kenako, kutuluka kukwatiwa ndi mwana wake Wolfgang, kunasamukira ku USA.
Rex ndi Paulo adazidziwa mu 1931, onsewa panthawiyo sanamasuke. Wolemba adangomanga nyumba yake paphiri yomwe ili pakati pa brawster ndi Danbury. Hoffman adafika pachibwenzi ndi wolemba wina Liuis Gannet. Maubwenzi a Rex ndi pansi zidapangidwa mwachangu, chaka chamawa adayamba ndi "mbali ziwiri." Pa Disembala 21, 1932 Ukwati wawo unachitika, ankagwiritsa ntchito mwambowu m'nyumba yatsopano, yotchedwa matalala ambiri ("wokwera").
Awiriwa ankakhala mosangalala pamodzi ndi ana ake - Paulo anabereka wolemba ana akazi awiri. Nthawi yatsopano yodziwika bwino m'nkhani ya okwatirana, adazindikira kuti ngakhale kuti wojambula pakati pa nyumbayo, mwamuna wake amalemba njinga za Niro Wolfe kwa wina " : "Kupatula ulusi" kumatanthauza nthawi imodzi ndi "spice yarn", ndi "kukwera njingayo", "kuuza anthu osadziwika bwino"). Pambuyo pa kufa kwa Rex, ufulu wa malemba ake adasamukira ku mkazi wake.
Imfa
Wolemba adamwalira pa Okutobala 27, 1975. Chifukwa chakufa kwake kunali kwachilengedwe - Rex adangopita kudziko lina pambuyo pa moyo wautali komanso wabala. Ndipo ngakhale atakhala zaka zaposachedwa sanamasule buku limodzi pachaka, monga zinachitikira kale, miyezi ingapo isanaphedwe, adafalitsa "banja".
Moyo wachiwiri wa anthu awa adalembedwa ndi American Robert Goldshsboro, mphatso yopita kwa amayi ake odwala, wokonda kwambiri ntchito ya Sitatha. Mabuku adagwera moyo osati kwa iye yekha, komanso ana akazi a Rex yekha. Ndi chilolezo chawo mu 1986, golide amagwira ntchito.
M'bali
- 1913 - "Knight" yake yoletsedwa "
- 1929 - "Monga Waumulungu"
- 1934 - "Fer de Lance"
- 1935 - "League of Amuna"
- 1937 - "Dzanja Lapamwamba"
- 1939 - "Kupha koopsa"
- 1941 - "Kuchokera pakupha"
- 1946 - "Morgov Street №1"
- 1949 - "Kuzindikira Mwachiwiri"
- 1953 - "Akaiders agolide"
- 1956 - "Idyani, Imwani ndikufa"
- 1962 - "Garbit"
- 1968 - "Kuchita Zinthu za Atate"
- 1973 - "Chonde chotsani machimo"
- 1975 - "Banja"