Chiphunzitso
Ivan Moskvitin - Ankan of Wobisika, mwininyumba, woyamba kunyanja ya Okhotsk. Uyu ndi munthu yemwe umunthu wawo sunadziwikebe.
Kodi mbiri yakale ya Russian Russian - osadziwika. Ivan Moskvitin akubwera mu maumboni olemba okha okha mu 1626, munthu wamkulu kale. Olemba mbiri yakale akunena kuti Moskvitin adabadwa mozungulira 1600.
Kodi ndani anali ndi makolo ake ndipo pomwe Ivan yaying'ono idakula - mutha kungolota. Chimodzi mwa malingaliro akuti ndichakuti munthu akuchoka ku Moscow kapena pafupi ndi mzinda wa madera. Mtunduwu umakhazikitsidwa chifukwa chakuti m'masiku amenewo omwe anthu nthawi zambiri amalandira mainkati malinga ndi zokambirana za malo okhala.
Kuyenda ndi kutsegula
Zaka zokhwima za Mbusvitina zinagwera pa nthawi yofufuza ndi anthu aku Russia a madera a Siberia ndi Far East. Chimodzi mwazinthu zolimbikitsa kuyenda m'mphepete mwamphamvu panthawiyo panali mphekesera za kutentha kwa nyanja.
Pokhala Tomsk Ossack ndipo, mwina, muudindo wa woyang'anira, Ivan mu 1635 mu 1635 mu 1635, ku Epifanovich Kopylova analankhula ndi Yakutsk. Pambuyo pa zaka 3, koma bongo rostrode idakhazikitsidwa ndi Kopylov. Malo ake olondola sakudziwika: malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, ostrost mwiniyo adapezeka pamtsinje wa Aldan, kapena pakamwa pa watratiry, Mai.
Mu 1939, kufalitsa kwadzikolo kwa anthu 39 kupita patsogolo kulowera kunyanja ya lamsi. Ivan Mokkin adasankha mutu wa Coplov, ngakhale kuti kuphatikiza komwe kudaphatikizidwa ndi gululi. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi ulendowo zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha membala wina wazomwe zimafala - Yakut Chosack sizabwino kwa Ivanovich Kombov Kobov. "Zaka Zake" zokhudzana ndi msonkhano wokhala ndi Moskvitin ndi umboni wofunika kwambiri wa mbiri yofufuzira ku OKhotsk.
Malinga ndi ma coss, zovalazo zinali kutsika kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo Ivan adalemba bwino m'mbuyo mtsinje waukulu waukulu. Pambuyo pa masabata 6, apaulendo adafika kumtsinje wa Nyudundi ndikusintha njira zoyendera. Ngati zitasaduka kuti zikasozi zisanachitike paamaimba, zinaganiza zopanga izi.
Pa iwo, madzi otsegulira anayambira ku Nyuudi, komwe amatsegula nthangalayo, ndipo amaponya mahatchi, anayendayenda pamapazi. Pothana ndi Ringge, ma cossacks adapanga mzati watsopano ndipo masiku 8 otsatira adatsikira kumadzi. Ndipo chotengera chinayeneranso kusiya - kupewa kutayika kosafunikira, apaulendo anagonjetsa gawo lowopsa la njira yopita.
Kupitilira njira yogona pamadzi: gulu la gulu la Mosvitina lomangidwa - chotengera ichi chimatha kukhala ndi anthu ambiri kuposa mzere. Mphamvu ya ma cossocks panthawiyi makamaka atadyetsa phazi, koma mabanki aku mtsinje ndi chakudya adakhala osavuta - mwayi wowomba nsomba unawonekera.
Pofika mu Ogasiti, 1639, matembenuzidwe a cosSack adafika ku Lamyk (tsopano - OKotsuk) a Nyanja. Kuthamanga kwa kuyenda kunali kodabwitsa - Njira ya madera osadziwika inali miyezi iwiri, poganizira za zomwe zingachitike komanso nthawi yofunikira pomanga mabwato.
Zimaganiza pa mtsinje wa Ulle. Anthu akumaloko adauza Morkvitin za kupezeka kwa mtsinje wina kumpoto, komwe kumapezeka kwambiri, machitidwe awa, anthu. Ivan Yourevich adaganiza zosachedwa ndikuphunzira mpaka kumapeto kwa yozizira ndi Okutobala adatumiza gulu la anthu 20 kufunafuna mtsinje. Pambuyo pa masiku atatu oyenda, ma cossacks adakwera mtsinje womwe unalandira dzinalo kusaka. Kupita kukasaka nyama, liwuli lilibe ubale - motero Modkvina anthu adasinthiratu "Akat" - Mtsinje.
Kusaka kunyanja, amuna anasamukira kummawa ndipo anayamba kufufuma ma km aku Nornn Toost wa Nyanja ya OKhotsu. Komabe, zinaonekeratu kuti palibe chomwe chingachitike m'mphepete mwa nyanja m'mphepete mwa nyanja - zinali zofunika kubwerera nthawi yachisanu ndikuchita zomanga za noman - zombo zokhala ndi mafuta amodzi omwe amatha kupita pansi panyanjapo. amithenga.
Nthawi yachisanu, imodzi mwa anthu am'deralo adauza Ivan Yerrurevich za mtsinje wina wa Mamvur (pambuyo pake yemwe adadzakhala kapu. Pambuyo pake omwe adadzakhala kapupi. Pokhala atadikirira masika, gulu la olamulira la Moskitin, pamodzi ndi wowomberayo, woperekerayo adatuluka munyanja, akugwira phunziro kum'mwera. Njira ya seriretes idadutsa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Okhotsk, ndiye ma cossacks adafika pa milomo ya UDA ndi kamwa ya Mtsinje wa UDA, kenako nafika pa Sakwelin Bay.
Anthu okhala ku USA USA anawonjezera chidziwitso cha Ivan Yourtevich za "mitsinje ya manguron" ndi amisala ake, komanso za anthu omwe ali m'derali. Anthu okhala ku Amur otsala anali onyamula mabwalo, ng'ombe zazikazi ndi mbalame ndipo zachuma nthawi zambiri zimadziwika kwa oyenda.
Pomwe matalala adafika pagombe lakumadzulo kwa Sakwelin Bay, yemwe adachititsa adasokoneza, koma sizinayime ziphuphu, ndipo adapitanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Mwachidziwikire, paulendowu, amuna adawona zilumba za AIRE Liman ndi gawo la Sakwelin Island. Koma kuti adzafike pakamwa pa Amur sakanakhoza - chakudyacho chinayamba kuphonya, ndipo anthu anayamba kuwononga njala.
Yophukira imabweretsa nyengo yamkuntho, ndipo mwa Novembala, gulu la osvitin lidakwera nthawi yozizira la Alda. Popeza tadikirira masika, ma cossacks omwe adawoloka vagjur, adapita ku Meyi ndipo adabwerera ku Yakutsk mpaka pakati pa chilimwe.
Pofika nthawi, ulendowo unakhala pafupifupi zaka ziwiri. Malinga ndi zomwe zaperekedwa ndi Cossack Kolobov, nsomba zambiri zimapezeka m'dera lophunzirira, komanso singwani omwe zikopa zomwe zikopa zimayamikiridwa kwambiri. Akuluakulu a Yakuti, ayesetse zotsatira za ulendowo, anapangira Mosvin ku Pentekosite, ndipo mamembala azomwe amasandukiza ndalama ndi kudula kwa Sukna.
Mu 1645, Moskitin ndi Atanaan Kopylov adanenapo za kalonga wa Oswep Shcherbatov Preratign Compign Cocign, koma malingaliro awa sanali kupita patsogolo chifukwa cha ntchito ya Varbov Pogardov. Ivan Yurevich anali atapita pang'ono ku Moscow kupita ku Moscow, komwe adanenanso za kutuluka kwa nyanja ya nyanja ndi zotsatira zake. Mu 1647th, bambo wina anabwerera ku Tresk kale mu udindo wa ma cosacks aku Atamani.
Popereka malangizo owonjezerapo m'chigawochi, Ivan Youryevich adalangizidwa kutumiza anthu osachepera 1,000 okhala ndi zida zankhondo zosakwanira kumayiko atsopano.
Zambiri za malo opezeka ndi anthu achisoni, pambuyo pake, mu 1640s, anathandiza Ivanov kuti ajambule mapu aku Far East. Chifukwa chake, ndizovuta kulimbikitsa zopereka za Moskvin kupita ku Nyanja ya Okvin ku Island: chifukwa cha kutseguka kwa Triarma Island ndi milomo ya UDA, komanso adasonkhanitsa zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa amor.
Moyo ndi imfa
Pambuyo poika malo okangana a Mosvina atakhala kuti ofufuzawo atayika. Olemba mbiri yakale ndi zosadziwika za moyo wake - ngati bamboyo anali ndi mkazi ndi ana, monga momwe adakhalira ndi moyo womaliza. Mosakayikira, Ivan Yourfaich Mokvitin anamwalira mu 1671, koma zinthu zina kapena chifukwa cha imfa kudziwika.