Chiphunzitso
Alexander Borodin ndi wasayansi wotchuka komanso wopatsa chidwi wamkulu amene wakhala zinthu zapadera zenizeni zaku Russia za m'ma 1800. Maphunziro Omwe adapeza zingapo pamtundu wa umagwirira ntchito zachilengedwe, zomwe zimawonedwa ngati za sayansi, zidadziwika kuti Mlengi wa Opera "," Bogatrrring "," Bogatrry ndi zida zina zodziwika padziko lonse lapansi.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Alexander porfirtevich Borodin, yemwe anabadwa pa Novembala 12, 1833, inali mwana wotchuka kubanja la woimira buku la Georgia Greatvanishpi ndi mtsikana wamkazi. Kuyambira paubwana mpaka zaka 8, mnyamatayo anakhalabe mbozi ya kholo lake, ndi a RorHyy Borodin ndi mkazi wake Tatiana amawaganizira makolo a Sasa laling'ono. Asanaphedwe, kalonga adapatsa Alexander ndi amake, omwe adapatsidwa dokotala wa asitikali dzina lake Kleinek, ndipo adakonza tsogolo lawo, ndikupereka nyumba.
Osakhala ndi ufulu kulandira maphunziro a maphunziro m'makoma a masewera olimbitsa thupi, Borodin anaphunzira kunyumba, wodziwa zambiri zasukulu. Mnyamatayo anali wokonda nyimbo ndipo adawonetsa chizolowezi. Sasha ali ndi zaka 9, adayamba kusewera pang'ono ndipo adayamba kudziwa chitoliro, Cello ndi piyano, ndipo pofika zaka 13 adayamba wolemba ntchito yokonchera, GactO Meeyerbera.
Kukondweretsedwa ndi Art sikunali kochepa kwa nyimbo - Wopanga wachinyamatayo anali wopakidwa utoto komanso kuchita nawo zaluso. Mofananamo, mnyamatayo adachita chidwi ndi chemistry, sayansi, yomwe idathandiza kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kazinthu zosangalatsa zosangalatsa. Kuyesa koyamba kwa Borodin komwe amakhala kunyumba. Poyang'ana pamenepo ndikudandaula za kuteteza kwa nyumbayo, mayiyo adaganiza kuti mwana wamwamuna akufuna kumaliza maphunziro ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikupita kukaphunziranso.
Mothandizidwa ndi stationery of the State State, mnyamatayo adatsimikiziridwa kuti amalonda ndi kutumizidwa ku Academy wa Academy wa St. Opaleshoni ya St. Nikolai Nikolayyovich Zinin.
Mankhwala ndi Chemistrate
Kumapeto kwa maphunzirowa mu 1857, a Borodin adagwira ntchito kuchipatala chankhondo. Patatha chaka chimodzi, adasunga malingaliro ake, adalandira digiri ya mankhwala ndipo adayamba ntchito yofufuza. Ntchito yoyamba ya sayansi yomwe idalemekeza Alexander inali lipoti loti afotokozere za madzi amchere pa thupi la munthu, lomwe lidakhala pagulu mu 1859.
M'chaka chomwecho, khonsolo la maphunziro limatumiza Borodin kupita kumayiko ena kuti akakweze ziyeneretso ndi zomwe mwakhala nazo zakunja. Kwa zaka 2 ku Germany, zomwe zimachitika ndi asayansi aluso, Ivan Technov, Dmitry Mendeleev, pomwe malingaliro a "Molek" ndi "atomu" adafotokozedwa bwino.
Paulendo wakunja, Borodin adapita ku Italy, yemwe adakumana ndi aphunzitsi a komweko, amayesa zoyesa zamankhwala ndi ma fluoride mankhwala pa labotale ya ophunzira. Chilimwe 1862 Achinyamata Achinyamata Anakhalanso ku Germany, ndipo anasamukira ku likulu lachisanu.
Alexander adabwerera kwawo kumayambiriro kwa 1863. Adapereka lipoti pantchito yasayansi ndipo adatenga pulofesa wothandizira wa Academy, zomwe zidaphatikizidwa ndi kuphunzitsa. Patatha chaka chimodzi, a Borodin adaleredwa ku pulofesa wamba ndipo adalangizidwa kuti azitsogolera labotale yamankhwala, komwe adapitiliza kuchita zasayansi.
Mu 1868, pamodzi ndi aphunzitsi ake, Nikolai Zilin, Alexander anakhazikitsa maziko a mtundu wa Russia, kenako anathandizira Dmitry Mendeleev mu bungwe la Madries, maphunziro omwe kale anali yunivesite.
Mu 1877, Borodin adafika pa gawo lapamwamba la asayansi ndipo adalandira mutu wa Engiminian, ndipo mu 1883 bungwe la Russia lidamusankha ndi membala wolemekezeka. Ntchito yasayansi, machimini aluso adalemba ntchito zoposa 40, ndizomwe zimapezeka ndi kubereka kwa Benzene komanso njira yopezera kaboni, yomwe imatchedwa Borodin-Hunsdiker.
Nyimbo
Ngakhale kuti Borodin adalipira nthawi yambiri ya sayansi, nyimbozo zinapitilira kukhala gawo lalikulu la mbiri yake. Monga wophunzira, Alexander porfirtevich adalemba piyano ndi zachiwerewere, zomwe zinali zotchuka kwambiri "," kugona m'nkhalango yamdima "komanso" nyimbo yamtambo ". Kuyenda kumayiko ena, adapita ku makonsati, kudziwa ntchito ya anthu aku Europe a Terrez tsamba, Felix Mendelssohn, Frederick Oghard Wagner, Robert Shuman ndi ena.
Ku St. Petersburg, wasayansi wachichepere adakumana ndi nyimbo zodziwika bwino ndipo adakhala membala wa "gulu lamphamvu" Mayanjanowo, alunjika ndi wotsutsa, Vladimir Statov, yemwe adakhala banja lachiwiri la Borodin, lomwe limapangitsa kukoma kwa nyimbo ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu wa miyambo ya Mikail Glinka.
Zoyenera kuti Alexander porfiryevich adachitidwa pamawu a Mitrofan Belyafala Belyafala, komwe Creative Creative. Mitu yayikulu ya mbamba za Borodina inali ufulu, kukonda mayi ndi kunyada kwa anthu aku Russia. Borodin adakhala m'modzi mwa zizolowezi za ngwazi mu nyimbo za Russia.
Choyambirira choyamba cha wopanga mtundu watsopano wa mtundu watsopano, woperekedwa mu 1869 ndi orchestra yolamulidwa ndi mnzake wochititsa mia wa Balakirev, adabweretsa wolemba ku European Ulemelero ndi kutchuka. Wopekayo adalemba zachiwerewere 16, m'bungwe la 3, miyala ya piyano, ndakatulo ya nyimbo "ku Central Asia", komanso "kalonga wa Opera".
Ukulu weniweni wa talente ya Borodin adawululidwa mu 2 "bogatryr" symphony, yomwe imapereka mphamvu yayikulu ya anthu aku Russia. Mu ntchito iyi, zovina zimaphatikizidwa ndi mitu yoona ndi yolimba kwambiri ndipo, ndikulimbika pang'onopang'ono, kusinthidwa kukhala mawu amphamvu a osewera a Epic.
Ndi "bogatyr", symphony, opera "kalonga", omwe wolemba adagwira ntchito kwa zaka 18. Anakhala wamisala wa mtundu wa ngwazi, zozizwitsa za zinthu zomwe zikuphedwa ndi anthu otchuka komanso zonyansa za zifanizo za anthu. Zosangalatsa kudziwa kuti zolengedwa zazikuluzikuluzi zidapangidwa ndi wolosa wofanana, ndipo zida zomwe zidafuna kuti pakhale nkhani ina yomwe nthawi zina idakhala mbali ya winayo.
Moyo Wanu
Pa nthawi yomwe anali kupita kudziko lina, Borodin posamalira piathest catheropopova, ku Germany njira yochizira matenda a mphumu. Mtsikanayo yemwe anali ndi kumva zomva nthawi zambiri amadzipangira pa kampani, kudziwa zomwe alemba ku Europe. Achinyamata adakhala nthawi yayitali limodzi, anayendera makonsati mu barden, posakhalitsa anakondana wina ndi mnzake ndipo anaganiza zokwatirana.
Ukwati unachitika kumapeto kwa 1863. Banja lidakhazikika ku St. Petersburg, nyumba yosangalatsa panyumba pa boar Street.
Chifukwa cha mavuto omwe ali ndi mapapu, Ekaterina Sergeyevna sakanakhala ku likulu lakumpoto kwa nthawi yayitali. Maulendo ake ku Moscow kupita kunyumba ya amayi anyadi moyo wa Borotin. Zowona zambiri za mbiri ya zasayansi ndi mbadwa zamiyala zaphunzira kuchokera m'makalata omwe amakwatirana amasinthana panthawi yolekanitsa. Awiriwo sanakhale ndi ana komanso chizolowezi chosungulumwa chokhudza ana omwe atengedwa ndi chisamaliro, chomwe chimawerengedwa kuti ndife aakazi.
Imfa
Pamapeto pa njira ya moyo, Borodin adachitapo kanthu pagulu, anali membala wambiri, mutu wa wophunzira waoir ndi maschey omwe amatenga nawo mbali m'dera lasayansi, lotchuka m'malo asayansi.
Mu 1880, bwenzi ndi mphunzitsi wa wopeka Nikolay Zinin adamwalira, ndipo chaka chatha sanakhale odziwa bwino kwambiri asorgsky. Ntchito yovuta, yotayika ndi kusamalira mkazi odwala adalemba chizindikiro pamkhalidwe wa Borodin.
February 27, 1887, pa chikondwerero cha zikondwerero zapamwamba, wopemphayo amasangalala pagulu ndi anzathu, kuvina. Pakati pa anyamata, Alexander Purfryevich wono uwu ndi mawu. Choyambitsa imfa ya wasayansi wamkulu komanso wopekayo anali kusiyana kwa mtima.
Borodin anaikidwa m'manda a Necropolis ambuye a Arts Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Chipilala chokhala ndi chithunzi cha womwalirayo, wozunguliridwa ndi ma molekyulumu, adayikidwa pamanda.
Popeza adasiya kusiya ndi kutaya, abwenzi a Borodin adachita ena mwa zolengedwa zake zosakhululukidwa. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsov ndi nthumwi zina za minofu ya Opera, zomwe zidatumizidwa pagulu mu 1890, Alexander Glazon adapanga zokongoletsera 3.
Nchito
- 1849 - "Panthere Adogio (As-Dur)"
- 1850 - "Mverani, Atsikana, Nyimbo Yanga"
- 1862 - "chingwe quintet (f-moll)"
- 1866 - "Symphony no. 1 ES-DUR"
- 1867 - "Kugona Kugona"
- 1868-1872 - "Vocal Quocal quartt osagwirizana ndi" nsapato zinayi za oyang'anira ana amodzi a mayi m'modzi "
- 1868 - "Bogatyryry"
- 1869-1887 - "Prince Igor"
- 1875 - "Symphony nonse. 2 H-moll" Bogatry "
- 1887 - "Symphony nonse. 3 A-ol"
- 1880 - "Chithunzi cha Syhonic" ku Central Asia "