Chiphunzitso
Hans Golbaine Jr. - Wojambula wa Germany ndi wojambula yemwe amagwira ntchito ya kumpoto kwa mpanda wakumpoto umadziwika kuti ndi chithunzi chimodzi chachikulu kwambiri cha zaka za zana la 16. Adalenga zolengedwa zachipembedzo komanso zosakhulupirika, zidalimbikitsa mfundo za kukonzanso, zidathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa buku.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Hans Golbaine Jr. adabadwira mumzinda waku Germany ku Augmarg akuti mu 1497-1498. Iye anali mwana wa wojambula waluso Gaansa golbaine-wamkulu, yemwe anatsogolera msonkhano, ndipo pamodzi ndi mchimwene wake, Ambrosio anapita kumapazi a Atate. Pafupifupi 1515, abwana ang'ono adafika ku Switzer Basel, omwe m'masiku amenewo adawerengedwa kuti anali pakati pa zojambulajambula ndi zojambulajambula. Adakhala ophunzira a utoto wa komweko.
Poyamba, a Golbeans amagwira ntchito munjira ya Xylography ndipo adapanga zigawenga zachitsulo zosindikiza. Ntchito yoyamba kwambiri ya abale inali mapangidwe a "kupusa" kwa Erasmus Rolardsksky pofunsidwa kwa m'busa wakomweko, wazamulungu wa Osvald Mikona. Ntchito zoyambirira za Hans zinali zojambula za Baldor wa Basele ndi okwatirana, zomwe zalembedwa m'njira zomwe mwasankha.
Mu 1517, woyamba wamkulu komanso wachichepere wa Golsbeyn adagwiritsa ntchito ku Frescoyn mnyumba ya Jacob wogulitsa wa Jacob von Hon Hon Hon Hon Hon Hon Hon Hon Stud Windows. Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, mchaka chomwecho, mbuye wa novice adachezera ku Italy, komwe ndidakumana ndi Andrea Loti Loti, yemwe ndidakumana ndi zojambula za pakhoma loyambirira la wojambula wa Germany.
Mu 1519, Hans Golbien adabwerera ku Basel ndikupeza zokambirana zake. Anakwaniritsa ntchito yayikulu yopenda patali ya nyumba ya kuvina ndi kumanga kwa tawuni ya tawuniyi, ndipo adapanganso zojambula zamagalasi okhazikika mu tchalitchi ndi miyala yolimba.
Kuphatikiza apo, wojambulayo akufanizira mabuku a wofalitsa wotchuka Yohann wolemera, adapanga zolemba zingapo matabwa, komanso adapanganso tsamba la Baibulo la Martin Luther. Nthawi iyi ndi ya zojambulajambula za ambuye, kenako amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu "kuvina kwa imfa" zojambula.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Bizinesi ya Golbaine Jr. Monga wowawa idayamba ndi zisonyezo za Yukob meira ndi mkazi wake a Doriface Amerbha. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, munthu m'modzi wayamba kupangidwa m'njira yooneka ya Ambuye.
Zolengedwa zoyambirira za mbuye waku Germany adachita utoto "wakufayo" wakufa mu bokosi "(1520-1522), lolembedwa ndi Chinyengo ndi batala. Inali chithunzi choopsya ichi kuti thupi lathu litambasulidwa komanso lochepa thupi lodzala ndi Yesu. Ofufuzawo mpaka pano sangathe kudziwa zomwe zingapangidwire: ena amaganiza kuti uyenera kukhala malire a guwa, ena amakhulupirira kuti icho chinali gawo la manda a Mpulumutsi.
Chithunzicho chimakhala choyenera kwambiri ndi kukula (30.5 masentimita x 200 cm) komanso kuti nkhope ndi mapazi a gulu lake loyambirira la kuvunda. Pali mtundu womwe, monga chilengedwe cha ntchitoyi, Golbaine adagwiritsa ntchito thupi la womenzedwa kuchokera ku rhine.
Mu 1523, Hans adapanga chithunzi chosonyeza wafilosofi Blasdamrdamsky, yemwe amafuna kuti kufanana ndi munthu wake. Munthu wotumidwa ndi makope kwa abwenzi ndi mafani m'maiko osiyanasiyana ndipo anathandiza golbein kuti apite ku dziko lonse lapansi.
Mu 1524, wopwetekayo anachezera ku France pofufuza ntchito ku Brancis wa Francis ine, ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri zotsala ku England chifukwa chomuuza kuti ndi "opusa", olemba anthu, Topomas MorU. Molakwika Albion, Hans adalemba zithunzi ziwiri zoganiza bwino: wosakwatiwa komanso wozunguliridwa ndi banja.
Omanga ena ojambulawa anali William Warham, Archbishop Canterbury, Masamu a Sichoral Nicholar Kilford ndi mkazi wake ndi Space . " Kuphatikiza pa zojambula, Goligen adapanga nkhondo yolimbana ndi nyama zodzipereka kuti zizizunguliridwa ku Tiruan, odzipereka kukacheza ndi amithenga aku France.
Ku England, wojambulayo sanangodziwa luso, komanso ndalama zofunikira chifukwa cha kukhalapo koyenera, komwe ndidagula nyumba ziwiri ku Basel. Kubwerera ku Switzerland pakati pa 1528, wopwetekayo adakumana ndi kukakamizidwa kusintha kwa zinthu zokonomo, zomwe, makamaka kunawononga gawo la ntchito zake zachipembedzo. Golbaine adakakamizidwa kuti avomereze malingaliro a Akhristu ndipo adayambiranso ntchito pazenera pabwalo la Colol Council.
Mu 1532, Hans anapitanso ku England pansi pa mutu wa Kukonzanso, mlangizi wina wachifumu wa Thomas Cromish ndi Anna Bolein, Watsopano Wamfumu. Wojambulayo adakhazikika pafupi ndi malo ogulitsira ndipo adatulutsa fanizo la okhalamo m'malo osiyanasiyana. Pa chithunzi cha George, Gisss Gdansky Golbein adatulutsa wamalonda wokhala ndi zizindikilo zowoneka bwino za luso lake. Ndipo chifanizo cha Druk Berkich Cologne, m'malo mwake, chinali chosavuta komanso chosavuta.
Hans adagwiranso khothi, eni malo ndi alendo a Boma. Cholengedwa chodziwika bwino cha nthawi imeneyo chinali "kazembe", komwe adapatsirana Jean de Den Denffelev, woimira khothi la ku France, ndipo Georbishop Lakurra. Ntchitoyi idadzazidwa ndi chizindikiro ndi kugwada, yotumizidwa ndi mitu ya chipembedzo, moyo ndi imfa, chinyengo ndi maphunziro. Kuyambira pa 1536, Golbaine adakhala kupweteka kwachifumu kwa mfumu ya Chingerezi kwa ufumu wa Tudor.
Mu 1537, adalenga chithunzi chake chodziwika bwino cha Heinrich VIII, yemwe anali ataimirira m'chiwopsezo cha ngwazi ndi miyendo yankhondo, zoyambirira zomwe sizinasungidwe. Pa ukulu, mbadwa zake zitha kuweruza chithunzi cha kupaka kwa khoma la nyumba yachifumu ndi zojambula zomwe anachita pamalamulo. Kujambula kwa Golbein pofika nthawi ino kwasintha kwambiri, chidwi chinali kuyang'ana kwambiri kumaso ndi zovala za simulator, ndipo maziko ndi maulendo sanakhale osavomerezeka.
Kuyambira 1534 mpaka 1540, wojambula waku Germany atayika ena onse. Mu 1534, Tomas Mora adaphedwa, mu 1536, ku Cwesani, Anna Bolein adalengezedwa chifukwa cha chiwembucho, ndipo m'1540 sanakhale Thomasi akumunamizira kuti ndi Aremy Cromiorn. Izi zidapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke pantchito ya wojambula ku khothi, omwe, ngakhale ali ndi chilichonse, amakhala ndi udindo waukulu.
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zantchito, Golbaine adayamba kuchitapo kanthu padera, kulumikizana ndi zithunzi za amalonda a chomera chosungunula. Analembanso ntchito zina zabwino kwambiri, kuphatikizapo zojambula za Henry ndi Charles Brean, abale ake am'munsi a Henry VIII.
Pali mwayi woti mu 1540, Hans adapita kumpando wake ku Basel, koma izi sizinakhudze ntchito zake zilizonse mpaka pano.
Moyo Wanu
Pafupifupi 1520, Gilbiti wachinyamata wa Elbeth adatenga mkazi wa Elbeti, zaka zingapo kuposa iye, yemwe anali ndi mwana wamwamuna wa Franz. M'chaka choyamba cha ukwati, wokwatirana naye adabereka katswiri wa mnyamatayo, yemwe adatchedwa Filipo, ndipo patapita kanthawi mtsikana Catharina.
Banja silinapereke limodzi ndi wojambula m'maulendo oyang'ana kunja, Hans adawona mkazi wake ndi ana, pomwe anali ku Basel. M'mayendedwe amenewa, adawonetsera mabanja omwe amagwirizana ndi zifanizo za m'Baibulo za namwali ndi makanda ndi Yohane Mbatizi pamiyala ina.
Moyo waukwati suyenera kutchedwa wokondwa. Kuyambira 1532, amakhala mosiyana, ku England wojambulayo anali kulumikizana ndi azimayi ena. Golbaine azachuma adapatsa Elsbet ndi ana, koma sanamve kumverera.
Imfa
Golbaine anamwalira ku England kumapeto kwa 1543. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za XVII, zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa wojambulayo zimadziwika kuti ndi mliri. Ofufuzawo anathandiza mosamala izi, poganiza kuti anamwalira ndi matenda.
Pa Okutobala 7, 1543, wojambulayo adalemba zolemba zomwe anzako anachitira umboni, koma sanatsimikizire loya. Wansembe wa Chingerezi komanso womasulira Baibulo a John Rogers adadandaula ndi nyumba ya Golbien, chifukwa chomwe zojambula zambiri zimakhalira mpaka lero.
Amadziwika kuti wowawayo adayikidwa ku England, koma komwe kumanda ake sakudziwika.
Zojambula
- 1520 - "Yesu wamwalira m'bokosi"
- 1523 - "Erasm Rotterdam"
- 1524 - "Osandigwira!"
- 1527 - "Thomas Mor"
- 1526 - Lais Cor Coofskaya
- 1528 - "Woona zakuthambo a Nikola Day"
- 1528 - "Chithunzi cha mkazi wa wojambula Elsbet Binsennstok ndi ana okulirapo a Filipo ndi Katharina"
- 1532 - Chithunzi cha Wamalonda George Giss "
- 1533 - "akazembe"
- 1540 - "Heinrich VIII, Mfumu ya England"
- 1540-1541 - "Chithunzi cha Katharina Howard, Mkazi Wakazi Mfumu Henry VIII"