Chiphunzitso
Heinrich Yagoda ndi bambo, dzina lina lazungu wazaka za m'ma 30S za m'ma 2000 amawopa onse ophukira pamwamba pa mphamvu ndi anthu wamba. Anakhazikitsa Gulag, yomwe idakhala chizindikiro cha dongosolo lonyansa, ndipo adayala maziko a tsogolo, adabzala. Komabe, siziyenera kukhala patsogolo pa phwandolo kapena chibwano chachikulucho chinapulumutsa anthu kuti adziyese okha.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Enoch Gerhenovich Yagoda - ndiye dzina lenileni la anthu omwe atembenuke - wobadwa pa Novembala 7, 1891 mu mzinda waku Russia wa Rybinsk. Chaka chobadwa kwa mnyamatayo, banjali linasamukira kumeneko kuchokera ku Simbrk (lero mzindawu limatchedwa Ulyanovsky), mu 1896 kubwereranso. Banja la zipatso linali Myuda ndipo, molingana ndi miyambo yazomwezo, zodziwika bwino - kuphatikiza kwa Henry, makolowo anali ndi ana amuna awiri amuna awiri ndi 5.
Ku SIMIrch, zipatso zidakhala kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo palibe pambuyo pa 1902 idasamukira ku Nizny Novgorod. Zitsamba za mabulosi zidagwira ntchito yofanana ndi zidziwitso (malinga ndi chidziwitso china - chosindikizira cha Orring), mayi wa banjali adalemedwa ndi ana 8 anali akazi a nyumba. Heinrich, anamaliza maphunziro kusukulu, anapeza ntchito yochitira zibadwe.
Nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse itayamba, mabulosi olowera kutsogolo, komwe adatumikira choyamba ndi udindowu, kenako ndi wachidziwitso mpaka kumapeto kwa 1916. Atavulazidwa, kufooketsa ndikukhazikika kuti agwire ntchito ya jekete la ntchito, kenako - ku dipatimenti yamizinda yamizinda.
Kusintha ndi zochitika zandale
Malingaliro osinthira anali achilendo kwa banja lonse la Henry, motero adalumikizana nawo ali mwana. Abambo mu 1904 anavomera malo ogona m'nyumba ya zipatso zosindikizira mobisa, ndipo mutu wamtsogolo wa NkvD adachita nawo mwachangu ntchito yake.Mu 1905, kumenyedwa kwa ana za kusinthika mu 1905 - pa Utova wa Sorov, Mikhal Yagoda adaphedwa, Mbale wamkulu wa Henry. Mu 1907, mnyamatayo iyemwini adakhudzidwa ndi masewera akulu: malinga ndi dipatimenti ya Moscow Yachitetezo, anali m'gulu la ana a Anarny Novgorodod. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito ya Henry idaperekedwa kwambiri - kulowa m'manda a Moscow pazomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuba kuba kuba.
Mu 1912, mabulosi adamangidwa ku Moscow chifukwa cha mtundu wamavuto. Mnyamatayo amakhala mumzinda motsatira pasipoti yabodza, pomwe Ayuda amakhala m'papita kale likulu lakale - anthu a chipembedzo chachiyuda chopitilira malire omwe sangakhalepo ndi ufulu wokha. Sizikudziwika kuti idachenjezedwa ku Gendarmes, koma mwina ndi mawonekedwe a Henry - ndi chithunzi cha nthawiyo, mnyamata wachiyuda wachiyuda amayang'ana.
Pochita zokambirana, chidziwitso pa zipatso za zipatsozo zidapezeka, ndipo kwa zaka 2 adatumizidwa ku ulalo wa wotere, koma pambuyo pake chifukwa cha chithandizocho, mawuwo adafupikitsidwa chaka. Kubwerera kunyumba, mabulosi adasinthira ku Orthodoxy ndikuthokoza chifukwa cha izi adatha kukhala likulu la chisanachitike Russia, Petrograd.
Kusintha kwa zinthu kunayamba mumzinda mu 1917, Heinrich anakhala nawo mbali ya gulu lankhondo, ndipo chaka chatha ankagwira ntchito ngati nyuzipepala ya "nyuzipepala yosauka". Pomwe anali mabulosi omwe alowa nawo phwandolo, samadziwika kuti ndi ena. Iye mwini adalongosola za 1907 m'ubwibwi, koma malinga ndi mlandu wake, mita ya trilisor, izi zidachitika kokha mu 1917.
Ntchito ya ndale ya dziko lapansi idakwera kukwera. Kuyambira ntchito ku Petrograd Cc, kale mu 1919 adagwira ntchito yapamwamba ya asitikali ankhondo ofiira. Kumeneko, mabulosiwo anawonekera ndi Felike Dzerhinsky ndipo anamasulira ku Moscow, kwa anthu a compussiat ya malonda akunja.
Dipatimenti Yapadera ya Ntchito ya National Security International Slact yautumiki, kuyambira 1920, a Henry Grigorievich anali membala wa gulu lazandale zaboma. Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, adatumizidwa ku Triwman wa Ogpu, ndipo adamwalira a Dycheslav Menzhinsky yemwe adamusintha ndikukhala wamkulu wa kuwongolera mwachinsinsi.
Pakankhondo mkati mwa batch, gulu la Berry lomwe linachitidwa kumbali ya Yosefe Stalin ndipo mu Okutobala 1927 inali mutu wa chiwonetsero cha ziwonetsero za Antistali. Kumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1930s, a Henrich Grigorievich adayamba kuyang'anira zoyera, zomwe zimachitika mwachidwi ndi akaidi a Gulag, adapangidwanso chifukwa cha zoyesayesa za zipatsozo. Akaidiwo adapindidwa za iye (osadziwika, ndi zabwino kapena kuti apewe kubwereza) ndi mawu akuti:
"Maluwawo amatitsogolera ndipo amatiphunzitsa maso ake, dzanja lamphamvu.".Pakadali pano, ma comlades m'gululi adangoyesedwa ndi ntchito za ogwira ntchito mwanjira ina, akuyika chakhungwa
"Simudzachita zowawaChikomyunizimu chopanda chaka.
Posachedwa pali osakaniza ndi inu
Genic Berry "
Mu 1933, a Henry Grigorievich adayamba kuchita zambiri pamavuto omangidwa ndikufufuza tizirombo mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo a USSR. Kwa milandu, pakukula komwe adatenga nawo gawo, Adrirs pafupifupi 100 adamangidwa, 40 mwa iwo adawomberedwa. Pazomwe zikuchitika kwa anthu 23 kumangidwa kwa anthu okwezeka, 21 anthu anaweruzidwa.
Posamalila panthawiyo, ma adilesi otsutsa a Lamulo laulimi adalemba Stalin kuchokera kumisasa yomwe mabulosi adatsogolera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosaloledwa. Zomwezi zomwe zatchulidwazi mu zilembo Alexander Rekison pakudzuka kwa azondi. Mlanduwo ukhoza kupita ku kusuntha - Commission ya Valburoo idazindikira zonena zomwe zili ndi zenizeni. Komabe, ataphedwa kwa Sergey Kirov, palibe amene wachita izi, ndipo anzeru a Henrich Grigorievich mu 1934 adadzakhala membala wa Komiti Central Commitce komiti ya CPU (B).
Pamene mu 1934, NKVD idapangidwa, anthu akunja a zochitika zamkati mwa Ussr adayamba kutsatira mawonekedwe adziko lapansi ndipo adanena kuti inali nthawi yoletsa kuphedwa. Komabe, izi sizinalepheretse kuti nkhuku kuti akhale mmodzi wa opanga njira zochitira kuphedwa kwa kuphedwa kwa Kirov - kunalibe chisankho pakati pa gulu lankhondo, Comrade Scade adanenanso izi pandekha.
Mu 1935, mabulosi adalandira mutu wa General Commissict Commistem Commission, ndipo pambuyo pake adatsogolera njirayo motsutsana ndi Leo Kamenev ndi Grigoria Zameviev. Komabe, a Crassar a anthu omwe ali pachipani chamkati amalimbana ndi malo omwe ali pafupi ndi malingaliro a Nikolai Bukharin ndi Alexey Rykov. Unali osasamala - Stalin adaganizira zinthu ziwiri zowopsa, munthuyo adasiya mtsogoleri wamkulu.
Poyamba, ku Heinrich Grigorievich mu 1936 kunachotsedwa mu ofesi ndikupanga malumikizidwe a commas, kenako adachotsa izi, komanso kupatula pa WCP (b). Mapeto a zipatsozo zidakhala nkhani ya nthawi.
Kumangidwa ndi Kuyesedwa
Pa Epulo 4, 1937, a Henry Yody adamangidwa pazantchito zotsutsa-boma komanso zolakwa. Kenako adalekanidwa ndi chiani cholumikizirana ndi LVI-Trotsky, Nikolai Bukharin ndi Alexei Rykov, omwe adagwidwa ndi chiwembu cha TrotskyIst-Fasky muzosankha za mankhwala.
Njira yachitatu ya Moscow, magazi a Berry adakana upandu wina - wopaka mphamvu, koma adaulula kuti adapeza omwe ali ndi chiwembuchi ndipo adazindikira mnzake ku mayi.
Kuwomberedwa
Pa Marichi 13, 1937, a Henry Berry adaweruzidwa kuti: Kuphedwa kudzera mwa kuphedwa. Pakuyesa kupulumutsa moyo wa Yemwe amapemphera kuti akhululukire, koma pempholi linakanidwa. Marichi 15, 1938, a Henrich Grigorievich Yagada adaphedwa m'ndende ya Lulyan. Choyambitsa imfa, mwachidziwikire, chinakhala balati.Pokonzanso, mabulosi adakanidwa - Khothi Lalikulu la Russian Federation lomwe lidaganiza pa Epulo 2, 2015. Magulu otetezedwa ndi ufulu wa anthu adathandizidwa - zingakhale zachilendo kukonzekereratu munthu amene chikumbumtima chawo chimayambira.
Moyo Wanu
Heinrich Brodea adakwatirana ndi chimphepo chachiwiri cha arvebach, mu 1929 mwana wa Heinrich (Garrrik) adabadwa. Dzinalo la anthu oyamba la NkvD linali loya ndipo, pomwe wokwatirana naye anali mchifundo cha Stalin, adagwira ntchito muofesi ya wozenga milandu.
Atamangidwa ndikuwombera zipatsozo, mayiyo adagamula tsogolo la abale ambiri akuponderezedwa: Poyamba, atakwanitsa zaka 5, adatumiza kundende yozunzirako ya A Tennovsky, ndipo mu June 1938 anali kuwomberedwa. Mosiyana ndi mwamuna wake, sumu areverbach kukonzanso.
Mwana Garrick adazindikira kuti mayiyo apewe kuzunzidwa. Makolowo atabwera kumalo osungirako ana amasiye, mu 1949 adalowa mumsasamo, Kuchokera komwe Silin adamasulidwa pambuyo pa imfa. Mwambiri, ataphedwa anthu akuipa kuti asokonezeke anakumana ndi abale ake 15.
Pali zambiri zomwe m'moyo wanu wa a Ber sanadzitayike komanso kukhala ndi zovuta zambiri. Nadezhda Peshkova, Maxim Gorky, yemwe Herry Grigorievich anali ndi abwenzi asanakhalepo.
Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe anthu akumponderapo anali ndi zokonda zina - pofufuza, chiwerengero chotsimikizika cha zolaula chidagwidwa m'madzi.
Monga mawonekedwe a anthu akunja, intaneti imakhala ndi chidziwitso chokhudza kukula kochepa kwa chiuno - 146 cm. Komabe, chidziwitsochi chimabalalika. Pankhani yomanga njira yomanga ya Moscow-Volga, mabulosi amayimilira pafupi ndi Nikita Khwaschev, ndipo kukula kwake kunali pafupi ndi 160 cm. Izi zimatithandiza kunena kuti kukula kwenikweni kwa KHRUSHEEV za zipatsozo zimakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi 170 cm.
Werengani zambiri kuti muphunzire za owonjezera owonjezera NKVD, mutha kuchokera ku zikalata za "Foda Yapadera. Mwini wake wa Lubyanka: Heinrich Berry, "" zinsinsi za zana la zana. Henry Yagoda: Kugwa Marshal Lubyanka "ndikudzipatulira kwa iye mndandanda wa" m'mbiri ya "Mbiri yakale ya" Nikolai Svananidze ".
Mphongo
- 1922 - Chizindikiro "Wogwira Ntchito Wogwira Ntchito wa HCHC GPU (v)"
- 1927 - Dongosolo la Banner Red Barner "
- 1930 - "Dongosolo la Banner Red Barner"
- 1932 - "Dongosolo la Office Red Vintage Rsfsr"
- 1932 - Chizindikiro "Wogwira Ntchito Wogwira Ntchito Wa HCH-GPU (XV)"
- 1933 - Chizindikiro "Wogwira Ntchito Wogwira Ntchito wa RCM"
- 1933 - "dongosolo la Lenin"