Chiphunzitso
Kurt Vennegut ndi wolemba waku America, wolemba komanso nkhani ya m'ma 1900. Iwo omwe sanafunikire kudziwa ntchito zake, mwina anakumana ndi Achorisms. Ntchito zodziwika bwino kwambiri za Kurt Wannegut amatengedwa kuti "mphaka wa ng'ombe" ndi "mkate wa anthu asanu, kapena gulu la ana."Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Kurt vonnegut adabadwira m'banja la waku Germany pa Novembara 11, 1922. Dziko lakelo linali mzinda waku America ku Indianapolis, womwe nthawi zambiri umawoneka kuti ndi ntchito za wolemba. Abambo a mnyamatayo anali woyambitsa kampani yomanga, ndipo amake - mwana wamkazi wa miliyeli amene adapeza. Wonneguts adabweretsa ana atatu, Kurt anali ndi m'bale ndi mlongo: Bernard ndi Alice.
Nthawi ya kupsinjika kwakukulu kunapangitsa banja kukhala ndi mavuto azachuma, monga momwe zinthu zinaonjezera. Mutu wa banjali unakhalabe wopanda ntchito. Pakadali pano, amayi a Kurt adawonetsa matenda amisala, njira zomwe sizinapezeke. Zotsatira zake, mu 1944, mkazi adadzipha. Izi zikukhalabe zovuta kwambiri kukumbukira kwa Kurt.
Polimbikira kulimbikira atate wake, amaliza maphunziro a sukulu kusukulu ya kusukulu, vonnegut adalowa ku Yunivesite ya Corneya wa Corneya. Mchimwene wake mu 1939 adalandira digiri mu chemistry mu Massachusetts Institute of Technology, ndipo kholo lidatsimikiza kuti Kurt angasonyeze kuthekera pamenepa.
Abambo ankakonda za mwana wa mbiri yakale komanso nzeru za mbiri, ndipo Kurt sanasangalale pang'ono. Panthawi imeneyi, chidwi chake chinali mabuku ake. Njira zoyambirira zothandizira mnyamatayo, akugwira ntchito mu nyuzipepala ya ophunzira.
Kurt Vonnegut sikunathe ku Yunivesite. Atakhala zaka 3 m'bungwe la maphunziro, anali atazindikira kuti ndi mkonzi ndi msakatuli. Kuyamba kwa Nkhondo Yadziko II kunapangitsa mnyamatayo kuti alowe gulu lankhondo. Anamusamutsira ku University of Carnegie, kenako nthawi yannenessee, komwe adaphunzira zamakina.
Ntchito yankhondo ndi ntchito
Atapita kutsogolo, vonnegut pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo anasangalala ndi asirikali aku Germany. Anapezeka mumsasa wozunzidwa ku Dresden, komwe adawona zonse zikuchitika pankhondo. Zowonetsera zomwe wolemba adapanga. Ndege za usiku pomwe anthu, akaidiwo adatsekedwa m'chipinda chophedwa, komwe nyama zimasungidwa. Dresden anali m'mabwinja, ndipo Kurta mozizwitsa adakwanitsa kukhala ndi moyo.
Anatenga nyumba yachifumu. Malinga ndi ndemanga za Vennegut, panali anthu 250,000 pakati pa ozunzidwa. Pambuyo pake ziwonetsero za zochitika izi, wolemba afotokoza mu ntchito ya "kuphedwa kwa anthu 5, kapena gulu la ana."
Mukamasulidwa kwa Leipzig, akaidi adatumizidwa kudera la Sundaan. Khama la asirikali a Soviet, gawo lino lidamasulidwa kwa oyitanidwa ndi adani mu Meyi 1945. Wonneguta adapereka mphotho ya "Wofiirira" Wofiirira, zomwe zimapangidwa kwa wozunzidwayo, wovulazidwa pomenya nkhondo. Wolemba nkhani sanazindikire kwambiri, chifukwa chilonda chake chinali chaching'ono.
Kubwerera ku Nkhondo, Vonnegut adakhazikika kudziko lakwawo ndikulowa studio yolemba ku Yunivesite ya Chicago. Kuphunzitsa wolemba Novice kuphatikiza ndi ntchito ya mtolankhani wa apolisi. Adalandira udindo ku Bonau News Boreau. Mu 1947, bambo wina adapanga dispire yake pamutu wa njira yothetsera mavuto pakati pa zabwino ndi zoyipa. Ntchitoyi idatsutsidwa ndipo sanavomereze. Master a Master Kurt Vonnegut amalandila mu 1971. Izi zidayendetsedwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwa buku "la ng'ombe".
Wonnegut anasamukira ku tawuniyi yotchedwa Skenecticadi komanso zoyesayesa za wachibale, zidapangitsa kuti ntchito yamagetsi yamagalimoto, komwe adakhala gulu la maulalo. Ntchito za katswiriyu zinaphatikizapo zolemba zolembedwa za nkhani zomwe zatha, zidakwaniritsidwa m'makoboti a kampani. Vonnegut wokhala pano mpaka 1951.
Kulankhulana ndi asayansi kunasiya ntchito ya wolemba. Kuchita maudindo posachedwa masana, usiku adalemba nkhani. Ena mwa iwo adatumiza m'magazini "ya a Coldem's's's's". Pambuyo pa zolephera zingapo, zomwe zidafalitsa zolemba 2 za wolemba, kulipira ndalama za $ 1.7. Kuzindikira kuti zinthu zolembedwazo zitha kubweza ndalama, wonnegut adaganiza zodzitchinjiriza.
Mabuku
Malangizo ambiri osangalatsa a biography adapanga maziko a ntchito za wolemba. Zochitika zomwe zachitika mu unyamata wake zikuwonekera mu "buku la Utopia 14" linalembedwera mu 1952. Wolemba amafotokoza zam'tsogolo momwe munthu mu gawo lililonse amachita amatha kusintha galimoto. Makamaka "sirena tin", yofalitsidwa mu 1959, ndipo "mphaka" yamphaka ", yofalitsidwa mu 1963, amawerengedwa kuti sayansi ya sayansi.
Mu 1967, anie Vennegut adaperekedwa kwa maphunziro a Guggenheim, omwe adalola kuti wolemba apite ku Dresden kukatenga zida zatsopano. Zitsanzo za kapangidwe ka wonnegut ndipo ulemu wake umaganiziridwa kuti buku la "kupha anthu nambala 5, kapena wodumpha wa ana", lofalitsidwa mu 1969. Mu 1972, George Roy Phiri lidatenga filimuyo. Kanokorta adayamba wopambana pa chikondwerero cha Fally Falls.
Mu 1965 mpaka 1967, wolemba adagwira naye yunivesite ku Iowa, chifukwa chomwe chotolera nkhani zazifupi chotchedwa "Takulandilani padziko lapansi." Wonnegut adayesera yekha komanso ngati kusewera, ndikupanga kusewera "tsiku lobadwa losangalatsa, Wanda Jung". Ntchitoyi idayikidwa paphiri la New York Theatre, ndipo mu 1971 wotsogolera Mar Marbhoni adatsekera mafilimu ake.
Mu 1973, kuwalako kunawona "chakudya cham'mawa cha akatswiri". Munthawi yomweyo, wannegu adapatsidwa mutu wa pulofesa wolankhula Chingerezi ku New York University. Otsatirawa adatsatiridwa ndi kufalitsa kwa mabuku a Balagan, "zazing'ono, palibe kuphonya", "ndevu labuluu", "ikani pokus" ndi ena. Malinga ndi otsutsa, Kurt vonnegut kuphatikiza zikhalidwe zamisinkhulidwe sayansi ndi chikhalidwe chofala komanso magawo a Miyambo mu ntchito.
Mu 1994, wolemba adamaliza kumaliza ntchitoyo, koma mu 1997 adadziwikanso ndi buku "lovuta". Mpaka 2000, wolemba adasindikiza zolemba zingapo. Mu 2005, buku la ziwopsezo zake zakale zotchedwa "Munthu wopanda dziko" linasindikizidwa. Ntchitoyi idayamba kumaliza muzolemba za Kurt Vonnegut.
Moyo Wanu
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, vonnegut anakwatirana ndi Jane Mary Coke. Mwana ndi akazi awiri anabadwa muukwati. Kurt adavomereza chinthu chofunikira potengera anwala atatu pansi pa pursensive. Iwo amakhala wamasiye atamwalira mlongo wa Wannegut ndi mnzake. M'banja lachiwiri ndi mkazi wake, Jil Clemez Kurt adayambitsa mtsikana yemwe adadzakhala mwana wachisanu ndi chiwiri m'banja lake lalikulu.
Moyo wa wolemba sunali wophweka. Abambo ake anamwalira mu 1957. Chaka chotsatira, mlongo Alice anamwalira ndi khansa. Mkazi mkazi wa mayi, yemwe adapita kukamuchezera, adalowa ngozi yagalimoto. Udindo womwe udagwera mwa munthu nthawi zambiri amakakamiza malingaliro osalimbikitsa. Kutayika kwa okondedwa kwa okondedwa kunalimbitsa kukhumudwa, komwe kwakhalapo mobwerezabwereza kwa wonnegut. Nthawi zambiri ankaganizira zodzipha, koma amawopa kuyika chitsanzo choyipa.
Kuphatikiza pa talente yolembedwa, wolemba anali ndi chizolowezi chojambula. Amakonda zojambulajambula. Kuti "chakudya cham'mawa cha akatswiri" Kurt paworsent adapanga fanizo la cholembera. Zithunzi zopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe omwe afotokozedwera.
Wolemba nthawi zambiri amatsatira zomwe amapanga ndi zithunzi, kufalitsa chithunzi cha chikhalidwe cha ku America kudzera prism ya malingaliro ake. Kuyambira 1993, Kurt Vennegut yakhala ikupangana ndi Joe Petro III, ndandanda yomwe idathandiza kupanga zithunzi zamabuku. Ku United States, kunachitikanso mobwerezabwereza ku Gennegut mu mtundu wa zaluso zabwino.
Imfa
Wolemba adagwira ntchito yaukalamba ndikukonda chinthu chachikulu cha moyo wake. Kurt vonnegut adamwalira pa Epulo 11, 2007 ali ndi zaka 84. Adagwa mosasamala ndipo ali ndi vuto laubongo lomwe lidayambitsa kufa kwa wolemba.
Ntchito ya wolemba ikufunika m'maiko osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Mabuku ake amadziwika kuti ndi odziwika bwino kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 20, ndipo zolembazo zinayamba nthano. Imfa ya dziko la dziko la Natiyaapolis idadziwika chifukwa chopereka msonkho pantchito yake. 117 Apa panali chilengezo chaka cha Wannegut. Chithunzi Kurt vonneguta lero UNGANIZITSITSE ZINSINSI ZA KUGWIRA NTCHITO ZAMBIRI.
M'bali
- 1952 - "Utopia 14" ("Piyano Piyano")
- 1959 - "sirena Titan"
- 1961 - "Amayi amdima"
- 1963 - "Zovala za Ng'ombe"
- 1965 - "chiwerengero cha Savose chisanu, kapena gulu la ana"
- 1973 - "Chakudya cham'mawa cha opikisana, kapena boti, Lolemba lakuda"
- 1976 - "Farc, kapena kusungulumwa konse"
- 1979 - "Repodivist"
- 1982 - "Zochepa Palibe Abiti"
- 1985 - "Galapagos"
- 1987 - Blue Beard "
- 1990 - "Likisi Pokus"
- 1997 - "Nthawi"