Chiphunzitso
Seneca (Lucius Anne Seineka) - wolemba waku Roma, wazaka, wandale, wandale. Ndi imodzi mwa otsatira ofunika kwambiri anzeru za ku Steocism, komanso mphunzitsi wa Emperor Nero.
Lucius Anne Seneca adabadwa m'zaka za m'ma 400 BC. NS. Mu mzinda wa Spain wa Croba m'banja labwino kwambiri la okwera. Bambo wa Seneca, wokalamba ndi Agariya anali ophunzira anthu, anaphunzira mbiri, nzeru, nzeru komanso zowoneka bwino. Pambuyo pake, pamene Lucius ndi mchimwene wake wamkulu, Yong Gantanion, anali ana, okwatirana adasankha kusamukira ku Roma. Kumeneku, maroilasi achichepere anali wophunzira wa Asitoin, sexilia, kugwa.
Abambo a mnyamatayo anali kulumikizana bwino ndi ndalama, motero sanathe kudzipulumutsa pa mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha Mwana. Seneca-Earder adalosera za mwana wake pantchito yabwino. Ndipo zowonadi, chifukwa cha arisma payekha, otamata a totorabur ndi olakwika a maloya a Seinea Jr. adakwera.
Koma matenda owopsa osayembekezereka omwe amafunikira kupita ku Egypt kuti abwezeretse, anaphwanya mapulani onse a loya wa Novice. Kapukitsidweyo adangogwera, ndipo adatsala pang'ono kudzipha.
Atabwerako ku Aigupto kupita ku Roma Seneca, amayamba kufotokoza momwe zilili kale mu ufumu wa Roma, andale akugwa, amapanga ntchito yokhudzana ndi nkhani zamakhalidwe.
Zochitika wamba
Mu 37, Kaligula adabwera ku mphamvu. Sanasangalale kugwira ntchito za a Seyans, zomwe zidaganiza kumupha. Ndipo mlanduwo ndi mlandu wokha wapulumutsa Filosofi kwa cholakwika chilichonse - ambuye ake adaletsa mfumu ku milandu, akukhulupirira kuti ma amwalira amamwalira posachedwa chifukwa cha matendawa.
Mapeto a bolodi a kalamulilo sanakhale a Seineyo, Klaudiyo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, yomwe anapitiliza mwambo wa Emperor wakale. Komanso anali wolakwika kwambiri mtsogoleri wandale komanso wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu za mkazi wake, yemwe Meyayene anatumiza Meyo kupita kuchilumba cha Codetica, komwe anayenera kukhala ndi zaka 8.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, mkazi watsopano wa Claudia Agrippine adathandizanso mayi. Mkazi wamphamvu panthawiyo anali kuda nkhawa kuti akwere mpando wachifumu wa mwana wake wamwamuna wazaka 12 atamwalira. Anasokonezedwa ndi mwana wamwamuna wa Cladia kuyambira paukwati woyamba - a Britain, amenenso adadzichitiranso mpando wachifumu. Ndiye chifukwa chake iye, akukhudza mwamuna wake, adabweza mayca kupita ku Roma - kotero kuti adakhala wophunzira wa Nero wachichepere.
Kusamalira wafilosofiropi kwaluso sikunapite pachabe - Nero adakhala mfumu yabwino komanso yotchuka pazaka 17. Ndi ulamuliro wake, Seneca adalandira udindo wa gulu laulamuliro Wamphamvuyonse.
Mwachizolowezi, zilizonse zili ndi mbali zingapo: kuchokera kwa mmodzi Nyumba ya sedate. Izi zidakhudza lingaliro lake loti lisankhire mwakufunatu mu 64. Anasiya chuma chake chonse m'malo mokomera boma ndikubisala m'modzi mwa malo ake.
Malingaliro ndi ndakatulo
Seneca adalimbikira nzeru za ku Steocism. MFUNDO YOFUNIKIRA KWABWINO KWAMBIRI NDIPONSO, malingaliro abata pamapulogalamu onse achinyengo, kufananizidwa. Momveka bwino za ku Stiocism yomwe yafotokozedwa m'mawu:
"Kuyenda tsoka kumatsogolera, ndi kukwapula kopumula."
Ndipo Seneca, popeza kukhala wolowa m'malo mwake, akhumudwitsa mitu ya chisangalalo, mkwiyo, chifundo. Ma Seya a Seyans anali osiyana ndi malingaliro a oyimira achi Roma: Adayesa kudziwa kuti pali chilengedwe chonse, chomwe chimapangitsa dziko lapansi komanso zomwe ali nazo, adaphunzirapo kanthu kambiri zofuna kudziwa.
Zotsatira za ntchito yake ya filosofi ndi "zilembo zamakhalidwe zamakhalidwe ku Lucia." Mwa iwo, Stoike adawonetsa kuti malingaliro amaphunzitsa poyamba kuchita, osaganiza. Mafilosofi sangakhale kosangalatsa kwa khamulo, iyi si chiwonetsero. Amapanga ndi mitundu, imalimbikitsa moyo komanso umagwira ntchito za anthu.
Lucilia ndi munthu weniweni yemwe anali Epikureya. Panalibe zochitika zoterezi mu dziko lakale ngati zolimbitsa thupi komanso zokopa, zomwe zinali zofunikira kwambiri za Heronism yomwe inali yosangalala ndi moyo. Asitoiki ndi anthu omwe amakhala mosangalala kwambiri ndipo adayesetsa kuwongolera zakukhosi kwawo.
Seneki ali ndi ntchito yambiri yodzipereka, mwachitsanzo, "pa mkwiyo". Mmenemo, adati sizinali zofunikira kuti musangongophunzitsa mkwiyo, komanso kulalikira za chikondi cha mnansi. Pantchito ina, bambo wina analankhula za chifundo - nthawi zonse zimabweretsa chisangalalo, chodekha m'nyumba yonse; Chifundo chofunikira kwambiri m'nyumba yachifumu, komwe nthawi zambiri imakhala kapena mlendo wosowa.
Mwambiri, madera a Seneki akuphatikiza machitidwe a gawo limodzi - zomwe zatchulidwazi "zonena za mkwiyo", "pa bata la mzimu", "pa moyo wambiri", " za ntchito zabwino "," kafukufuku wachilengedwe ". Kuphatikiza apo, wafilosofi adalemba zomwe zidalipo zaka 9 zochokera kuzinga. Ntchito zodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi "edip", "Medaya", "Agamemen", "Fedra" ndi ena.
Anthu amasiku anoyamikiridwa makamaka chifukwa cha mawu anzeru komanso mawu akuya omwe sataya masiku ano. Mabuku okhala ndi ntchito zake amasindikizidwa mwachangu ndipo adagulitsidwa mpaka pano.
Moyo Wanu
Ndizodziwika bwino kuti Seneki anali ndi mkazi m'modzi - Pompei Paulina, yemwe anali ngati wafilosofi wocheperapo. Komabe, olemba mbiri amasiyanasiyana chifukwa cha nthawi ya makolo omwe adakwatirana komanso ngati a Seneki akazi adapita ku Paulina. Malinga ndi olemba akale, Pompey - mkazi wachiwiri wafilosofi, adakumana naye kunyumba, aku Seine anali ndi zaka zoposa 50.
Malingaliro awa ndi osemphana ndi kuti m'malangizo "pankhani ya" mkwiyo "wolemba amatchula chizolowezi chake chamadzulo tsiku latha. Mankhwalawa adalembedwa ku Empeunia, pomwe zipinda zinali pafupifupi 40 zaka pafupifupi 40. Malinga ndi mtundu wachiwiri, wafilosofi wina atakwatirana ndi Paulina pa 36 ndipo ankakhala naye mwachikondi komanso mogwirizana mpaka imfa yake mpaka imfa yake.
Komabe, kuchuluka kwa maukwati ndi chaka chaukwati ku Pompei sikutsimikiziridwa - tsamba ili la mbiri ya zanzeru sinafotokozedwe mokwanira. Moyo waumwini wa onano ukhalabe chinsinsi cha anthu a nthawi ya anthu. Koma zazikulu komanso zosasunthika ndikuti kukonda akazi kwa Seinee sikunali chokhalitsa komanso chochezeka, adaganizanso kuti aphe pamodzi ndi mnzake.
Imfa
Choyambitsa kufa kwa ndakatulo ndi wafilofiroli chinali chosalolera a Emperor Emino kwa womukhudza kale. Pizoni ya Pizoni yomwe ili mu 65 yowululidwa, ndipo dzina la Seneki lidatulukira kwathunthu, ngakhale palibe amene adamuimba mlandu. Ichi chidakhala chifukwa cha nero kuti anene bwino za wafilosofi - adalamula Senecét mitsempha yake.
Imfa Lucia adalongosola Tasitus. Malinga ndi iye, kuweruzidwa mphindi zomaliza za moyo kunali kovuta komanso bata, iyenso mwini adalimbikitsa abwenzi ambiri, atangoponyedwa kamodzi - pomwe adalowa ndi mkazi wake Paulina. Anayesa kumulimbikitsa, koma mayiyo anaganiza zomutsatira. Paulina anaimirira patapita nthawi, ndipo anapulumuka mwamuna wake zaka zingapo.
Seneca, pokhala stoik, osazengereza kudula mitsempha, koma chifukwa cha ukalamba komanso magazi otsika kwambiri sanamwalire. Mamunayo adalamula atumiki ake kuti amusambe naye, ndikupuma ndi maanja otentha ndikuthira magazi odekha, adamwalira.
Mawu
Ukulu wa milandu wina umakhala ndi kukula kwambiri, koma m'njira yaiwo. Ngati mukufuna kukhala nokha, mumakhala ndi moyo wabwino. Ngati lero zili m'manja mwanu, mudzawadalira mawa. Tikusiya moyo wanu, imadutsa. Zofunika, ngakhale kuti sizingakhale mlandu womwe ukadalipo upandube.M'bali
- 40 AD - "Kutonthoza kwa Mbiri ya Mbiri"
- 41 AD - "Za mkwiyo"
- 42 AD - "Kutonthoza kwa Gelvia"
- 44 AD - "Kutonthoza kwa Polybia"
- 49 AD - "M'moyo wakati"
- 62 AD - "Za chisangalalo"
- 63 AD - "Kupumula kwa uzimu" kapena "za mtendere wamalingaliro"
- 64 AD - "Pa Prodence"
- 65 AD - "Pakupirira kwa Sage"
- 65 AD - "Pa Moyo Wosangalala"