Chiphunzitso
Dzinalo lalamulo lakhala lalikulu kwambiri kuposa malire a ufumu wa ku Russia. Fyodor Petvako adadziwika osati ukadaulo komanso chidziwitso chozama cha malamulo, komanso luso la mapangidwe a mawu, talente. Anthuwa adapita kukhothi lamilandu ndi kutenga nawo mbali ngati chochitika chochititsa chidwi, chosangalatsa komanso chosangalatsidwa.
"Mzinda wa Utsogoleri wa Chilowedwe", "Phatikin mu Ulamuliro", "Wanzeru Mawu oti" - akangokhalira anthu wamba, omwe Fholaevich nthawi zambiri amatetezedwa. Mapangidwe ndi chuma cholankhula, kapangidwe kaluso kwa malingaliro, kapangidwe kake ndi kupatsidwa kwa fanizo kwa iye kunasilira luso lina la Mawu - Anton Chekhov.
"Dickey amakwera mu mzimu wapamwamba kwambiri, moto umayang'ana m'maso ... Ndi zochuluka motani za zingwe zolankhula, ndizotheka nthawi zonse wolemba." "Anatero wolemba.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Woyimira waluso adabadwa m'chigawo cha 1842 kum'mwera chakumwera, ku Troitsk, yemwe nthawi imeneyo anali wa chigawo cha Orenburg.
Zokhudza banja ndi makolo a lolemba mabuku ovomerezeka akupitiliza kukangana. Ngati ali pachibale ndi Atate wamba wamba, akumuyitana munthu wolemekezeka kwambiri populumutsa munthu woyang'anira utsogoleri wa omwe apulumuka, ndiye kuti mayiko a mayi ndi masiku ano sadziwika lero. Magwero ena amatcha Kalfakka, ena - kyrgyz, wachitatu - katswiri - wodziwa bwino, komabe, kuchokera kwa mtundu wolemera komanso wolemekezeka.
Tate wamtsogolo wosonyeza kuti akuyerekeza Russia adatchedwa wokhumudwa kwambiri (pambuyo pake loya wowonjezeredwa kuti atsimikizire kumapeto kwa kalatayo "O").
Makolo amakhala m'boma laboma, sanadzipatule ndi mpingo ndi zisindikizo zovomerezeka. Mabwana anayi adawonekera m'banjamo, adapulumuka komwe ana amuna awiri - Fyodor ndi dormidont. Ana anali apathengo, omwe pambuyo pake adakhudzidwa. Patronymic adalandira kuchokera kwa abambo.
Kumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1850s, banjali linasamukira ku Moscow. Anyamatawa adapereka ku sukulu yotchuka pa Ostozhenkanna, yemwe anali kukonza ophunzira kwa ophunzira pantchito zamalonda komanso zaukadaulo ku Russia. Pakakhala chaka choyamba chophunzira, mayina a abale onyansa anakongoletsa bolodi, koma patatha theka chaka chimodzi, Feder ndi Domidonts, atayatsidwa ".
Chaputala cha banjali chinali chovuta kwambiri kukonza ana m'Nloutropolitan, yemwe anali pa prechistenka. Anyamata kumapeto kwa mayeso adatsimikizika nthawi yomweyo.
Nditamaliza maphunzirowa ku masewera olimbitsa thupi, Fyodor Petvak adayamba kuphunzira ku Moscow Yunivesite ya Moscow posankha Junersence. Diploma ya womaliza maphunzirowa yakhala kale dzina latsopano lomwe loya limadziwika ndipo masiku ano.
ERIPRRERENCE
Nditamaliza maphunziro ku yunivesite, ntchito ya akatswiri agalukako adapangidwa mwachangu. Mu 1964, wovomerezeka wachinyamata wokhala ndi wojambula wa diploma ndiye ufulu wa theka chaka chimodzi mphambuyi, akuyembekezera kuntchito yoyenera.
Izi zidatembenuka kumapeto kwa 1866. Pakadali pano, olemba oweruza a Jury adawonekera ku Russia, ndipo Fyodor Petvako adakhala mmodzi wa woyamba ku likulu lomwe adalandira wothandizirayo kwa olakwayo. Muudindo uno, mwachangu anadziwika, akulankhula za zachiwawa.
Ndizachilendo kuti chinthu choyamba ndi chamtsogolo "chotayika cha kufalitsa chibadwa" chotayika, ndipo prosera yake chinatchulidwa ku Siberia. Koma kuyankhula kwakamba ndi mawu amphamvu kwambiri pa oweruza. Fyodor Perevako adawonetsa luso logwira ntchito ndi umboni wa Mboni.
Pakugwa kwa zaka za m'ma 1870, a ElillaVako anali kale ndi loya wamkulu wa chipinda chamilandu ya Moscow. Kuyambira pamenepo, masamba agolide anayamba kuwonekera pa mbiri yaya. Zithunzi zoweruza za "nzeru za mawu" adadzidzimuka pamawu. Koma patatha zaka ziwiri, ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya kuwonongeka kwa kuwonongeka: Woyang'anira ufulu wa anthu adakayikiridwa mwa chipembedzo cha Grinermermermermer monga gulu lachinsinsi la malamulo achinsinsi. Analamulidwa wolakwa kuti akweze malingaliro osinthira pakati pa ophunzira.
Korife wa zikhulupiriro zaku Russia adatha kusiya wopambana: mlandu udatsekedwa chifukwa chosowa umboni. Koma Feeder Pedevako sanawukitse kuyambira pamenepo ndikuyenda njira za "ndale". Pambuyo pa 1905 pokhapokha ngati wortain wamenyera ufulu unayamba kutenga zinthu ndi utoto.
Woyimira milandu bwino anakonza zovuta zachuma ndipo adagula nyumba ku Big Afanaskovy. Ulemerero wake udagunda ku Moscow ndi kudutsa dzikolo, ndipo pakati pa mafani a Woyimira pa Moreya anali malo a Critins: Perevako ndi changu chofananira chimateteza makasitomala olemera ndi osauka. Ndi ndalama zomaliza sizinatenge ngakhale ndalama zolipira kukhoti.
Pa zojambulajambula zochokera m'malamulo, nthano zimapita, ndipo zokondweretsa zosangalatsa za biograography ndi malo osangalatsa kwambiri a makhothi kukhothi adasamutsidwa pakamwa mpaka pakamwa. Pambuyo pake Fyodor Pedvako adafalitsa buku lomwe adafalitsa mbiri yake yapamwamba kwambiri pamachitidwe.
Maso ndi maso analongosola mayina a loya monga mouziridwa osati wopanda ntchito. Nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa m'Baibulo, adabweretsa zitsanzo za chilamulo chachiroma, zomwe amadziwa bwino ndikulemba ntchito yasayansi pa iye.
Nthawi ina, Feder Pedepaka adayenera kutsutsa kuchiritsa kuchiritsa, zomwe adayimbidwa mlandu woti akabaya ndalama. Woyimira milanduyo sanawopa mkwiyo wa atsogoleri achipembedzo ndikuimbidwa mlandu wa kacisiyo, ndikunena chinyengo chobisika pansi pa miyala yamiyala.
Kumapeto kwa 1874, milandu yokweza idachitika m'bwalo lamdima la likulu, lomwe Fyodor Nikifovich adateteza mtsikanayo yemwe adafika ku hotelo. Usiku, unyinji wa anthu omwe amamwa mwatsoka mwatsoka kukhala wachisoni, kuthawa komwe adalumpha pawindo lachitatu. Mwamwayi, kasitomala wa ku Derawako anali wosweka ndi dzanja, kugwera m'chipululu.
Oteteza ku kampani yopalamula mlandu adalimbikira mlandu pa kusalakwa kwa madeti, kukangana kuti amuna sanali ovulaza mtsikanayo, ndipo adadzipukusa naye.
Kenako Fberor perevako adakumana ndi fanizo lophunzitsira, ndikuuza machitidwe oyaka, kupulumutsa. Ngati chonyansa chonyansa chidachitika panjira yopulumutsidwa, nyama yomwe amakonda kufa, koma osati yolema ubweya woyera.
"Ndipo ndikumvetsa chifukwa chomwe wozunzidwayo adalumphira pazenera," Pewshenko adalemba.Oweruza amalanga amuna, kuwapangitsa kukhala chigamulo.
Pankhani ya Feder Pedepa oposa mazana awiri adapambana njira, zomwe zili za mamonta afalov, omwe adamva m'chilimwe cha 1900. Anamangidwa m'mabanki osakhazikika, omwe adatenga ndalama kuti amange nthambi. Msewuwu umayenera kulumikizana Valogda ndi Arkhangelk, ndipo motsatana pantchito yomanga idachokera ku boma la Russia.
Manyowa amagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zonse, koma anali osakwanira. Kuwerengera kothandizira boma komanso "mtumiki wachuma", Witte sanamvekedwe.
Woyimira milanduyo adakwanitsa kutsimikizira kuti mafakitalewo sanapereke ndalama imodzi mwa ndalama ndipo sanakwaniritse zolinga za miccenary. Kulankhula kwa Perevako ku khothi, monga momwe kunayembekezera, kukhala chitsanzo cha luso lathara. Samova amasulidwa kundende mwachindunji m'khothi.
Moyo Wanu
Ngakhale pa moyo wa woyalidwa anali malire oweruza m'zaka 20.
Pambuyo pochotsa ukwati woyamba ukwati ndi mphunzitsi wa Katherine Filuvava, yemwe adampatsa iye mwana wa Sergey, yemwe adampatsa Segeyyo adakondana ndi kasitomala wa Maria Demidov, yemwe adayambitsa chisudzulo ndi milioni. Ng'ombe ya ban of Demidov sanafune kulola mkazi wake ndikuwononga banja momwe abale 5 adaleredwa.
Wosweka zachikondi adapanga Feder ndi Maria sasamala pamisonkhano ndikukhala pansi padenga limodzi. Posakhalitsa awiriwo anabadwa mwana wamkazi wa Varvara. Mnyamata adawonekera pambuyo pake - mwana wamwamuna Sergey. Mwa lamulo, ana a Valvako amadziwika kuti ndi ana a Demidov.
Ntchito yothetsa ukwati idakhala kwa zaka 20 ndipo idatha kufa ndi wamalonda waudzu. Fyodor Allavako amayenera kukonza ana kukhala aukhondo, kenako nkuwatengera.
Onse a Sergey adakhala otetezedwa, monga Atate, koma sanasamale kubwereza kutchuka Kwake.
Imfa
Mwamunayo anamwalira, atakhala ndi zaka 66, mu Disembala 1908. Choyambitsa kufa chinali vuto la mtima.
Fedor Nikifoovich adachititsa mtundu waukulu womwe anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kutukuka kosakanizika.
Kuyika loya ndi loya m'manda m'manda, moyandikana ndi nyumba zakale zamchere zomwe zimatchedwa dzina la saposchensky.
Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1920, mandawo anawonongedwa chifukwa chokhala ndi gulu losewerera kwa ana pamalo a malirowo. Zotsalira za Perevako zidasunthidwa ku VagANkovskoye, kuthirira pamanda a loya wam'matanda pamtanda. Mu 2003 kokha, maulamulo aku Russia atatenga ndalama pandalamayo ndi kudetsa nkhawa ndi mawonekedwe a Fyodor pesvako.
Pazaka za 2019, kumasulidwa kwa mbiri yakale "kulengezedwa," pomwe gawo la "Pustiven mu Aunisprorsence" linapita ku Nikita Pofilov.