Chiphunzitso
Paul Ekman ndi wasayansi waku America, dokotala wa sayansi, yemwe kale anali mphunzitsi wa Yunivesite ya California, yemwe ankapereka moyo wophunzira za malingaliro komanso zabodza. Wolemba waluso, akuyembekezera yankho la funso lomwe anthu agona ndi momwe angadziwire pophunzira "anyaniza zowona zachinyengo", mbali zina za moyo waboma.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Paul Ecman adabadwa pababulo 15, 1934 ku Washington, Columbia. Abambo ake anali katswiri, koma amayi ake a loya. Mchemwaliyo wa Joyce anachita maphunziro a psychology ndipo kupuma pantchito ku New York.
Ali mwana, Ecman inali mwana wopindulitsa. Popanda maphunziro a kusekondale, ali ndi zaka 15 adalowa ku Yunivesite ya Chicago, komwe kwa zaka 3 adalandira digiri ya Bachelor mu psychology. Panthawiyo, Paulo adachita chidwi ndi chithandizo chamagulu a gulu, omwe amachitidwa pakati pa ophunzira, kuphatikiza wolemba Susan Santag, Wotsogolera Mike Nichols ndi Averess Elene.
Mchitidwewu wakhala mutu wa kafukufuku woyamba wa Ekman, yemwe adakhala ku Yunivesite ya New York motsogozedwa ndi pulofestor Margaret.
Mu 1955, Paulo anamaliza maphunziro ochokera ku Sukulu ya Adelphone University yomaliza maphunziro ndipo anatetezatse mankhwala ake a Doctoratul ku maphunziro azachipatala. Ntchito yake idakhazikitsidwa pa zomwe akuwona za odwala psychourological Institute wa Langley Porter ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira za nkhope ndi ma televiro.
Mu 1958, Ekman anaitanitsa gulu lankhondo kuti akazengereza, kuti, anasintha kusintha kwa maumboni ndi machitidwe a okalamba panthawi yophunzitsa ankhondo.
Maphunziro
Pamapeto pa usilikali, pansi adaphunzira mawonekedwe a machitidwe olankhula odwala kuchipatala kwa angelo a Alto. Mu 1963, maphunziro awa anathandizanso wachinyamata wina wasayansi kulandira thandizo kuchokera ku National Institute of Health Health (NIMH), komwe kunali zaka pafupifupi 40 zotsatira za Ekman Provics.
Kukulitsa zozungulira zolembedwa, mu 1965 Paulo anatumiza chidwi ndi chikhalidwe cha mkhalidwe. Poyamba, anafufuza momwe anthu aku Bali chilumba cha Bali chilumba cha Bali chilumba cha Bali chilumba cha Bali Inland amajambula ndi anchgory beiton's, kenako anapita ku Papua New Guinea kuti awone nthumwi za mafuko amtchire. Zotsatira za zaka 3 zinali chitsimikiziro cha chiphunzitso cha Darwinian cha University wa anthu ndi buku la anthu olemba pansi paulendo. "
Mu 1967, Elman, pamodzi ndi mnzake wankhondo, wolima ndi wamisala wa Maureen O'sallevan adayamba kuchita chidwi ndi mabodza abodza. Zomwe zakhala zikupezeka koyamba m'dera lino la asayansi apanga pakuwona anthu a odwala omwe ali ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha kuyesera kubisa zolinga zawo.
Ntchito yofufuzira yophatikizidwa ndi kuphunzitsa ku Yunivesite ya California ku Dipatimenti ya PsyAPATry. Ali komweko anatsogolera ntchitoyi ija inatchedwa "wizard" ndipo anaphunzira kuthekera kwa anthu kuti adziwe zabodza. Atayeserera anthu 20,000 ochokera ku zigawo zosiyanasiyana za gulu la FBI ndi ntchito zapadera, Ekman adazindikira kuti maphunziro 50 okha ndi omwe adatha kudziwa chinyengo chosakwanira 80%.
"Praver Wizards" anali ndi luso lachilengedwe kuzindikira microwaves ndikuwona kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro, chilankhulo cha thupi komanso mawu onenedwa. Pamapeto pa kuyesaku, pansi idapitilira kugwira ntchito ndi opambana a kuyesa kuyankha funso: pomwe luso la mabodza limachokera.
Kuphatikiza apo, wasayansi wa katswiri wazamisala adapanga simulator kwa oyambira "manyolo", kugwiritsa ntchito, munthu aliyense amatha kudziwa momwe amaganizira zachinyengo. "Chiphunzitso cha bodza" chinakhala bizinesi ya moyo wa Ekman ndi omwe amacheza nawo. Asayansi adasindikiza zambiri zogwira ntchito pavutoli, ndipo atachoka ku The Propsssolo, adayambitsa kampani yomwe Paulo Ekman Guward (Peg).
Mabuku ndi mafilimu
Kuyambira 1957, Ekman adayamba kufalitsa kafukufuku wake m'munda wamatsenga ndi kusanthula kwamakhalidwe. Mu buku loyamba, adafotokoza njira zolumikizirana mosaganizira, adayamba kuphunzitsidwa mu neuropysychiatric instalet warter. Paulo adapeza kuti magwero a minofu omwe amapanga nkhope zomwe zingakuzindikiritsidwe molondola pogwiritsa ntchito maphunziro apamwamba. Malingaliro ake, anthu amatha kubereka nkhope zoposa 10,000, 3,000 kumene akugwirizana ndi momwe akumvera.
Mu "mayendedwe okoma a nkhope", omwe amafalitsidwa mu 1978 mogwirizana ndi khoma la khoma, pansi amafotokoza za mitundu ya anthu akumadzulo, yodzichepetsa, chisangalalo, zachisoni komanso zina. Kutengera izi, ofufuzawo apanga dongosolo lokhazikika lomwe likulongosola kayendedwe kameneka kwa munthu wamunthuyo mu chiwonetsero cha chinthu chimodzi kapena china.
Mu 1990, wasayansi adapereka mndandanda wa mawu osakhazikika osati m'matumbo okha, komanso m'manja ndi manja. Zimaphatikizaponso chipongwe, kukhutitsidwa, manyazi, chisangalalo, kunyada, chisangalalo, chisangalalo, chisangalalo, zosangalatsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, pansi yokhala ndi mnzake adayamba ndikufotokozera zida zomwe zimalola kuti zizindikire zobisika kwambiri zimatukwana kuti tisiye kupsinjika. Zinathandiza amisala mu "kuwerenga" odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Asperger ndi Autome.
Zaka ziwiri izi zisanachitike, aleman adapanga mayeso odziwika bwino omwe amatchedwa "zithunzi za nkhopeyi zimakhudza" (Pofa), zokhala ndi zithunzi zoyera komanso zoyera komanso zoyera. Kuyesedwa mosamala anthu omwe ali ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana amisala amisala, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamankhwala ochita zamankhwala padziko lonse lapansi.
Ntchito zokhwima za Ekman zidaperekedwa kwa "mabodza", chifukwa cha wasayansi ", chifukwa cha anthu amafunsa zabodza, momwe angadziwire zabodza mothandizidwa ndi zomwe anthu angachite. Munthawi imeneyi, Paulo analemba bukulo kuti "Chifukwa chiyani ana a lgut", "pezani wabodza", "pezani wabodza ku mawonekedwe a nkhope" ndi ena.
Mu 2008, Ecman adasindikiza zokambirana ndi Sage wamkulu Dala Lamai Lama XIV, pomwe oimira akumadzulo a East ndi Chikhalidwe cha Kum'mawa ndi akuyesa kupeza mayankho a mafunso ambiri a Philosofi. "Psychology yofanana" yakhumudwitsa owerenga sayansi ndi chipembedzo, malingaliro okhudzana ndi malingaliro, kusinkhasinkha zochita kuti akwaniritse malingaliro ndi njira zokwaniritsira.
Mu 2000s, kutchuka kwa Ekman kunamutsogolera kusukulu. Mu 2001, Paulo adalowa ndi Actror John yemwe anali ndi mbiri yakale ya ku BBCS BBC "nkhope ya munthu". Cholinga cha polojekitilo linali kuphunzira munthu chifukwa cha zofananira kwa mabanja, kukopa thupi komanso kuthekera kufotokoza zakukhosi popanda kuthandizidwa.
Mu 2009, wasayansi wa katswiriyu wachita prototype wa umunthu waukulu wa mndandanda wakuti "Mundinyengerere ine, Dr. Al Swalaman, yemwe adatsogolera" gulu la ambuye kuti azindikire mabodza. Chiwonetserochi, kutengera biography ya Ekman, adayamba pa Fox Channel mu 2009 ndipo adakhala ndi nyengo 3. Paulo anali woyang'anira filimuyi ndi mlangizi wa Pima Cto okha amene anachita gawo lalikulu mu TV.
Nkhanizi zikuwonetsa njira zodziwitsa zachinyengo zomwe Ekman mpaka pamlingo wina, adafotokozeranso zomwe zidalipo, ndipo adawonetsanso kuti ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito mawu oti "kukhazikitsa chilungamo" kukhazikitsa chilungamo.
Mu 2015, Paulo anathandiza wotsogolera amapezera wochita madokotala pantchito ya "chithunzi" filimu. Asayansi adalemba malangizo kwa makolo kuuza momwe angaperekere bwino nkhani yojambula kuti ana athe kudziwa zomwe amalankhula ndi malingaliro awo oganiza zabodza.
Moyo Wanu
Pa moyo wathu wa Paul Ekman amadziwa pang'ono, ponena zamaphunziro, amakonda kusunga ubwenzi pabanja mobisa.
M'mawu oyamba a buku la "Chifukwa chiyani ana Lugut" wolemba amatchulapo mwana wamwamuna wa Tony, omwe mwa achinyamata omwe adanyengedwa pansi ndipo mkazi wake ary An Anni, akukonzekera phwando lanyumba popanda chidziwitso. Pakati pa ntchito palinso machaputala angapo operekedwa kwa wolemba mlendo, momwe zitsanzo za ubale malinga ndi zomwe adakumana nazo.
Ekman ali ndi mwana wamkazi, Hava, yemwe anali dokotala wa sayansi. Pa webusayiti yovomerezeka, katswiri wazamisala amalankhula za kugwirira ntchito kwawo pa buku la "Asodzi of DAlai Lama, lofalitsidwa mu Novembala 2018.
Paul Ekman tsopano
Ekman ndi katswiri wazamisala woyeserera akugwira ntchito ku Paul Ekman Gulu, lomwe likugwiritsa ntchito maluso am'malingaliro, kusanthula kwamakhalidwe ndi zina mwa psychology yomwe siyana.
Tsopano woyambitsa ndi mtsogoleri "amachititsa maphunziro kwa ogwira ntchito pansi pa pulogalamu ya EKAN. Chapakatikati ndi nthawi ya 2019, Ekman akufuna kuchita seminare ku England, komwe masiku atatu adzaphunzitsidwa ndi masheya kuti azindikire zizindikiro ndi zomwe sizimachitika.
M'bali
- "Chifukwa Chiyani Ana Abodza"
- "Psychology yonama"
- "Pezani wabodza chifukwa cha nkhope"
- "Matenda a psychology"
- "Nzeru yaku East ndi West"
Kafukufuku
- 2001 - "Nkhome Yaumunthu"
- 2009-2011 - "Mundipusitse"
- 2015 - "Chithunzi"