Chiphunzitso
The American Ammayi Bett Davis, ngakhale khalidwe zankhanza, ndi chimodzi cha wamkulu kanema actresses wa Hollywood, woimira yowala wa 1950s mafilimu a kanema. Kwa zaka 60, iye nyenyezi mu melodramas 122 ndi comedies, thrillers ndi nyimbo TV zino. njira yake yolenga ndi tortist ndi vuto, ndi moyo chisoni, koma pamaso pa kobadwa nako akuchita chikaiko si amenable kuti kukaika.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
April 5, 1908 mu Lowell, Massachusetts, mu banja loya Harlow Morrla Davis ndi Ruth Augustus mtima Anabadwa tsogolo nyenyezi Hollywood Ruth Elizabeth Davis. Patapita chaka chimodzi, mwana wamng'ono anaonekera pa dziko - Barbara Harriet.
Pofuna kusokoneza Mayi ndi mwana wake wamkazi, Elizabeth otchedwa Betty. Mawonekedwe diminutive cha dzina chachiwiri, komanso zidindo za buku la "Kuzina Betta" Onor De Balzak unyamata wake akhulupirire ndi American kusintha mwalamulo dzina kuti Bett.
Banja likatha ndi Harlow mu 1915, Ruth Augustus kusamutsidwa ana Berkshire, kumene Elizabeth anapita Crestalban chiphaso sukulu. Mu 1921, mbali wamkazi wa banja Davis kachiwiri anasintha nyumba, kusamukira ku New York. Mu America, alongo limodzi ndi gulu Scout. Bett bwino kwambiri moti "anazindikira" kwa mtsogoleri kulondera.
Iye kusukulu yogonera komweko Academy Kushing mu Ashbourningham, Massachusetts. Apa Bett anakumana tsogolo mwamuna Harmon Nelson.
Mafilimu
Mu 1926, Davis anaona yopanga Henrik Ibsen "Wild bakha" ndi Blanche Jurch ndi msomali entouisle mu maudindo mumpingo. Madzulo tinakhala ku bwalo lamasewera anakhala zikuluzikulu yonena a mtsikanayo - iye anaona moto lingaliro la kukhala katswiri wa zisudzo. Mtsikanayo linalembedwa pa mayeso ku Civic Repertory Theatre School, koma mkulu wake, Ammayi Eva Le Galjnn, wotchedwa Bette "mwamasewera" ndi "zosafunikira."
American, popanda kusimidwa, anayesa kupeza zisudzo gululo George Kickor. wotsogolera sanali chidwi ndi zochitika talente imodzi ya Betty, koma anamupatsa udindo kakang'ono kamene kufesa msungwana mu kwayara mu Broadway kupanga. Mu 1929, Davis anatenga malo lalikulu la sewero "The Earth Pakati" Virgil Geddes. The kuyamba wa ntchito anali atapanga kwa chaka, koma Star ola Bett akadali anakantha: Blanche Yurka anapempha mtsikana kukwaniritsa udindo wa Hatwig mu chiphunzitso fateful za "bakha pake".
Mu 1930, 22 wazaka Davis anapita kugonjetsa Hollywood mu 1930. Mtsikanayo analephera kumvera kwa Universal situdiyo, koma ntchito monga "eni" chifukwa zitsanzo za zisudzo wina: amuna 15, mmodzi ndi mmodzi, anali kumpsompsona iye kutifotokozera.
Chaka chotsatira, Bett adabwerera ku studio, koma adasankha chovala chosakwanira cha izi: khonde lakuya lidabweretsa dialdiam William Riliamr kuchokera kwa iye, ndipo adamkankhira mtsikanayo ku Pulogalamu. Director of Universal Studios Karl Lemlla anali wokonzeka kupeza zitseko za kampaniyo kwamuyaya, koma motsogozedwa ndi a Charles Freand adawona kuti anali woyenera kuti akhale Mlongo "Wolemera" (1931). Ntchito iyi yam'madziyi yakhala yosungirako American.
Kwa zaka ziwiri, mu 1931 ndi 1932, ochita seweroli adalipo m'mafilimu 6 ndi Colombia: "Mbeu Broundloo", "Mphete Yanyumba", "Kuwopseza" Nyumba ". Palibe aliyense wa iwo amene anatchuka kwambiri, motero iye, wokhumudwa mwa talente yake yomwe, anaganiza zochoka ku Hollywood.
A GEORE George Arlissa adachitika m'kupita kwa Davis pa gawo lalikulu mufilimu "Munthuyo amene adasewera Mulungu" (1932). Kanemayo adabweretsa bwino mtsikanayo. Warner Bros. Anasaina mgwirizano wa zaka 5. Kubadwa kwawo kogwirizana kwa zaka 18.
Kuzindikira kwakukulu kwa Dema Davis kunalandira mu 1934, kusewera m'chiwonetsero cha filimu ya William William chresset moder "Kupsinjika kwa anthu". Pakadali pano, zizolowera zambirimbiri zatha ku gawo la Rober, bette adawona mwayi wowonetsa luso lonse la luso.
Mukatha kujambula mufilimuyi, nyuzipepala ya New York Times yotchedwa Davis "imodzi mwamafayilo awo amakono," ndipo mu 1935 adatumizidwa ku gawo la Oscar kuti akhale ndi gawo labwino kwambiri lachikazi. Bett adalandira mphoto ya mphothoyo adachotsedwa poitcha kuti "mphoto yotonthoza."
Davis akukhulupirira kuti ntchito yake ikhala ndi vuto la "chokongola-chonyansa", motero, chophwanya malamulo a Britain Bros., chojambulidwa ndi zojambula ziwiri za ku Britain . Awo, komabe adayankha milandu. Davis adalongosola ndi atolankhani:
"Ndinkadziwa kuti ndikapitiliza kuwonekera pa zojambula za Mediocre, sindingakhale ndi ntchito yomwe ndiyenera kumenya nkhondo."
Wochita sewerolo adataya bwalo ndikubwerera ku Hollywood - ndi mangawa kutsogolo kwa Warner Bros. Ndi popanda mgwirizano. Kusowa kwa chikalata, komabe, sikunanenetse Davis: Pa gawo la mufilimu "Yezevel" (1938), mtsikanayo anali nthawi yachiwiri "Oscar". Kupambana kunapangitsa mphekesera zomwe zimasindikizidwa, malinga ndi zomwe Bett adayenera kukwaniritsa gawo la ofiira O'Hhara mufilimu "litapita ndi mphepo". Wotsogolera ankakonda kuchitapo kanthu kodziwika bwino komanso kosazindikira Vivaen Lee.
Mu zaka zotsatira, Bett Davis Davis dzina lake taboloids. "Kuti Mugonjetse Mdima" (1939) Ndabweretsa Wochita Kachitatu Oskar, ndi "Moyo Wabwino wa Elizabeth ndi Aszabx" (1939) adawombera pa ntchito yake. Kusewera Elizabeth Ndili Akalamba, Davis amayenera kumeta tsitsi lake ndi nsidze zake.
Udindo wa Regina a SpeDans mu seweroli "Chazing'ono Cha Ing'ono" (1941) chinapangitsa kuti Bett Davis the Seanst Ita Daday, yemwe ngwazi wamkulu wa ku American Institute Dinematography ". Pamudzi Wapamwamba". Kanemayu ndi ntchito yomaliza mufilimu ya atsikana omwe ali ndi William Willer.
Pankhondo, Davis anachoka pa makamera, kuwonetsa talente kwa asirikali muzosangalatsa. Ochita sewero ambiri adamtsata Annex: adakumana ndi ngwazi zakutsogolo ku Kabaks ndi malo odyera, akunena zodzikongoletsera kapena kumangocheza. Zochitika izi zidakhazikitsidwa pa filimuyi "Shopu Hollywood kwa asitikali" (1944).
M'matonthoza a 1962, Davis analemba kuti:
"M'moyo wanga pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ndimachita moona mtima. "Shopu ya Hollywood" ndi imodzi ya iwo. "Mu 1980, Aseriri analimbikitsa mendulo "ya ntchito zabwino kwambiri pankhani ya ntchito zaboma." Pambuyo pobadwa kwa mwana wamkazi mu 1947, kutchuka kwa Davis kunatha: Anakana ntchito zina zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zoyeserera zina, zotsatiridwa kuposa anzawo. Mu 1950s, ankatchedwa wowonda komanso wokonda kudzikonda.
Kuyambira pachiwopsezo chomaliza, Americayo adapulumutsa tsoka "Kodi chinachitika ndi chiyani kwa mwana wamwamuna Jane?" (1962), pomwe wochita seweroli adatenga nyenyezi ndi Joanford - adalumbira. Akazi wazaka theka la zaka za zana adapikisana ndi mphotho ndi amuna, amadana. Pambuyo pa kuphedwa kwa Crawford mu 1977, Davis adatero:
"Kwa akufa, ndi chizolowezi cholankhula bwino. Joan Crawford adamwalira? Ndizabwino".Moyo Wanu
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Bett Davis adakwatirana pa Ogasiti 18, 1932 ku Yum, Arizona. mkulu anakhala Harmon Oscar Nelson. Ukwatiwu unakambidwapo mobwerezabwereza: Wochita seweroli anali pafupi kutchuka, ndipo zomwe zimapeza zinali $ 1 chikwi chimodzi pa sabata, pomwe mkaziyo amabweretsa ndalama zokwana 100 ku Bajeti nthawi yomweyo.
Davis anayankha kuti akazi ambiri a Hollywood amapeza zoposa zochuluka kwambiri amuna awo, koma kwa Nelson, upango wa mkazi wake unaoneka kuti anali kudzichititsa manyazi. Zinafika mpaka pomuletsa kuti agule nyumba, chifukwa sanathe kudzipha yekha.
Motero, ndalama anawonongedwa ndi banja. M'banja ndi Nelson, Davis mobwerezabwereza anadza kwa mimba, chifukwa iye sankafuna kulera mwanayo mu "zovuta" banja. Mu 1938, Harmon atamva kuti mkazi wake kuncindja ndi wosewera Howard Hughes, ndipo anali ndi chilekano.
Pa kujambula mu "Jezevel" tepi, Bett anakumana ndi wotsogolera William Willer. Mtsikanayo anamuyitana iye "chikondi cha moyo wake."
Mu 1940, Bette anapotoza Roma ndi George Brent, mnzake pa filimu "Great Bodza". wosewera The amuchitira kukwatira, ndipo iye anakana - Murhur Farnsworth anakumana, mwini wake wa hotela ku New England. banjali anakwatira mu December chaka chomwecho mu Rimoka, Arizona. Mu August 1943, mwamuna kapena mkazi anafa.
Mu 1945, Davis anakwatira wojambula William Grant Sherry. munthuyo nakhala nacho chidwi kuti anali asanamvepo za Ammayi kale. Patatha zaka 2, ndili ndi zaka 39, Bette anabereka mwana woyamba - Barbara Davis Sherry. The Ammayi chidwi umayi, iye mozama za akamaliza ntchito. Komabe, chiwerengero cha maganizo chakhala kukula, mkaziyo anatha kuwombera, amene anali kuvutika pa ubwenzi pakati pa mayi ndi mwana wamkazi.
Kuyambira mu 1950, olemekezeka anakwatira Gary Merrill. Banjalo anatenga mtsikana ndi mnyamata, Margo Mosher (January 6, 1951) ndi Michael (January 5, 1952). zaka 10 atakwatirana, banja linatha. chifukwa anali chidakwa komanso nkhanza.
Imfa
Mu 1983, Davis anapezeka khansa ya m'mawere ndi anachita mastectomy. Ammayi anadwala sitiroko anayi, chifukwa chimene mbali ya kumanzere ya thupi lake ziwalo. Matendawa sanakakamize Bette kusiya kusuta fodya ndi mowa: mpaka mapeto a moyo iye kusuta kwa ndudu 100 patsiku.
Pa American Cinema Mphotho mwambo mu 1989, Davis anakomoka. Mphindi ya kugwa lofalitsidwa tabloids onse. Ammayi anakana kupita ku chipatala, ndipo pa October 6 chaka chomwecho, 81 wazaka Bett Davis anafa zisadzachitikenso khansa ya m'mawere. Kumizidwa pa manda wa Hollywood Hills pafupi ndi mayi ndi mlongo.
Kafukufuku
- 1931 - "Bad mlongo"
- 1934 - "Katundu wa zilakolako anthu"
- 1935 - "Koopsa"
- 1938 - "Jezevel"
- 1939 - "moyo Private Elizabeth ndi Essex"
- 1942 - "Mu moyo wathu"
- 1945 - "Chimanga Zelen"
- 1952 - "Star"
- 1956 - "Ukwati mphatso, kapena chirichonse monga anthu"
- 1962 - "Zimene Baby Jane?"
- 1964 - "Cherry, phokoso, wokongola Charlotte"
- 1989 - "Zoipa ondipeza"