Chiphunzitso
M'modzi mwa oyang'anira oyang'anira osungira anthu a Soviet Union, omwe adayikapo njira yogwiritsira ntchito luso lokongola ndipo adapanga njira zatsopano, zotchedwa "biomwenasnananics". Vevovorood Meyer ndipo Lero amakhala chitsanzo kwa kanemayo ndi osankhidwa, omwe safuna kudziwa zaluso zawo mu chimango chanthawi zonse.
Malinga ndi Evgenia Vshtangov, kumwaza, "adayamba mizu yam'tsogolo." M'moyo wake, adatchedwa mbuye ndi mfiti ya zisudzo. Koma chilungamo pachabe sichiyenera kuiwala kuti Matra ali ndi otsutsa okwanira. Wokondedwa mu bwalo lakale Nemrovich-Danchenko adayang'ana pamayeso ndi kutupa kwa bwenzi laling'ono lokayikira.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Karl Casimir Theodore Mydegold adabadwa - mkulu uyu akuwonekera ngati malo obadwira, mu banja lalikulu la vinmaker Eliergold. Chomera chinabweretsa banja la achijeremani a mafuko - chuma cha Lutheran, koma osati chisangalalo. A Fonina Danilovna, anabala mayi, kubala mwana wachisanu ndi chitatu ndi mwana wa Charles - mwana wa Charles, mwana wa Charles, yemwe anali ndi vuto lonyoza mwamuna wake ndi kuperekedwa kwake, yemwe sanamubise.
Ubwana ndi mzathu wazachigawo kudutsa mu Peza. Pano komanso lero kumanga kwa masewera 2 kwasungidwa, komwe adalandira Woyang'anira. Anaphunzira Karl molakwika, anali kupita katatu kwa chaka chachiwiri. M'malo mwa zaka 8, mwana wamwamuna wa woberekera vinyo 11. Yemwe mwa mnyamatayo adatchedwa madzulo omwe amakhutitsidwa mayiyo chifukwa cha mzinda wa Creative. Zikhazikiko zoyambirira za karl pager kunyumba.
Bizinesi ina ya Charles ikuyenda bwino. Adayika kusewera koyamba pa 18. Tsiku la Premiere anali ndi chisangalalo, ndi achisoni: pa February 14, 1892, malo ophunzitsira mwapadera, koma tsiku lomwelo linali lomaliza la mutu wa mutu wa m'banja la banja. Patulani zolipiritsa chifukwa cha mwana wa mwana wamwamuna ndipo sanaganize.
Pa 21, mnyamatayo adatha kale, adavomerezedwa ndi Orthodoxy ndikusintha dzinalo pomwe anthu mamiliyoni ambiri amudziwa Iye lero. Ku Vervolod, adayamba kupatsa msonkho kwa kusisidwa kwa zinyalala za wokondedwa wake.
Mu 1895, Vevolod Meyer Inter adapita ku Moscow ndikulowa ku yunivesite posankha Juneprorcrorgence. Patatha chaka chimodzi, adamvetsetsa kuti malamulo ovuta adatopa nayo, ndikuponya ku yunivesite.
Mayeso mu sukulu yapamwamba, yotseguka ku Metropolitan Philharmonic, VEvovorod idatha ndi glitter: oyang'anira omwe akhudzidwa ndi talente ndi kutentha kwa penza, adalitulidwa pa 2nd.
Fiyeta
Vevovorod deyeza "adadwala" zisudzo osati kungothokoza amayi - chidwi chachikulu pa wachinyamatayo adasewera "Othello", woperekedwa ndi Konstantin Stanislavsky. Wotsogolera wakhala fano la nesevolode moyo.
Mwa zaka za ophunzira, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko adasonkhezeredwa ndi utoto, yemwe adalemba zotentha. Mphunzitsiyo anagawana mapulani a ophunzira za ophunzira za kupanga bwalo lakale ku likulu la likulu laja lomwe linkachotsa madi ake.
Nditamaliza maphunzirowa kusukulu, Vevovorodor Meyer adalumikizidwa ku Tarioupe a MHT. Wotsogolera adampatsa udindo wa Hamlet, mosavuta Shuisy, Tsir John. Zolemba zolembedwazo zidayikidwa pa ntchito za Shakespeare ndi Chekhov. Dzulo, wophunzirayo adasewera mwachidwi, zokongola bwino pazithunzi za ngwazi zosiyanasiyana, koma zinali zokwanira kwa nyengo 4 zokha.
Kusamalira kwa Mht Actior adalongosola chifukwa chowonjezera, koma ojambula amatchulapo mawu ena: Nemirovich-Danchenko sanayambe gawo limodzi mwa bwalo la zisudzo. Ndipo kwa ojambula, ndidazirala, ndikuwona motsatira masewerawa ndi Beyatota.
Kukhumudwitsidwa vsevolod adachoka mht ndi mnzake ku Alexander KosheverOv. Osewerawo adapita kulowera chakumadzulo - KHERN, komwe adapanga zisudzo zawo.
M'chigawo, ntchito za dealser adazimitsidwa, koma mafani adapezekanso. Nyengo ya zisudzo idayamba mu Seputembara 1902.
Poyamba, magwiridwe antchito ankawoneka kuti "amalembedwa" kuchokera ku zonena za MHT, koma posakhalitsa owonera atcheru adawona "zolemba" za wotsogolera. Vevolorood, mosiyana ndi fano lake lotislavsky, silinagogomezetsa za zamaganizidwe ndi chidzalo chamkati mwa masewerawa, koma pa pulasitiki, zosangalatsa.
Stanislavsky, yemwe adamva za kuwerengetsa kwa ku Nayere, adapereka mnzake kuti abwerere ku likulu la MHT theatre pamaziko a Mht Theot, adapita naye ndi NAMchenko-Danchenko. VSevolod anavomera ndipo anathamangira ku Moscow.
Komabe, ku Metropolitan Stage, Vevolod Meyer amangoyika mahatchi atatu okha. Ndipo ngati Stanislavsky adalandira zonena za anzanu, Nemarovich-Danchenko sanadandaule chifukwa cha Sarcasm. Mu 1905, mkuluyo amayenera kubwerera ku Kherson.
Zabwino zonse adamwetulira kachiwiri: chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake adagwira ntchito ku St. Petersburg, komwe ndidatcha prima Vera Compossion. Malinga ndi wochita zotchuka, mkuluyo adatukula zisudzo pa kapitawo ndipo chifukwa cha nthawiyo adapereka. Apa, avant-Garde adalandira chidwi.
Mu ma Arsemble of 1908 ya a Vevolod, ngakhale pa bwalo la zisudzo, mpaka posachedwa lingaliro lokhalapo - Alexandrinsky.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwa ntchito yomaliza isanachitike mu February posintha mu 1917. Amayi amaika malembedwe a Lermoncyky.
Kusintha kwa zaka 43 za Vevolod Meyerch adayamba kugwira ntchito. "Tate wa bwalo latsopanolo", m'mene amatchedwa, modzipereka amatenga boma latsopano ndipo osachedwa lidakhala membala wa wfb.
Page pake panali mystery-buff, vladimir manakovsky, malo omwe adajambula Kazimir Wamphor. Pamodzi ndi mayakovsky, Alexander block, a Nathan Allman ndi oimira ena a zikhalidwe zachikhalidwe, atsogoleri a zomwe adakumana ndi malingaliro omwe atsogoleri atsopano.
Mu 1920, bwalolo la Stat lidatsegula chitseko, omwe adalandira dzina la wotsogolera. Anafupikitsidwa amatchedwa alendo. Pa gawo lake, panali magwiridwe antchito a omwe adatenga dongosolo latsopano la olemba - Yuri Oleshi, Ilya Ehrenburg, Nikolai Erdman ndipo, Mayakovsky.
Pitani ku zisudzo zinali Zisida Reich, yemwe adaziranda nyenyezi Maria Babanov. Chifukwa cha kusamvana kozama ndi wokondedwa wa Babani, ndipo pamodzi ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ma holopes adasiya zisudzo. Mlanduwo sunali m'Paradaiso - kupsinjika ndi kupsa mtima komanso kukwiya koipa kunali kosiyana komanso kuwerengedwa, omwe adayima pa siteji iliyonse ndipo osalolera malingaliro a munthu wina.
Pali malingaliro kuti Alexei Tolstoy, ndikupanga nkhani yake yabwino kwambiri yokhudza Pinocchio, adawona prototype wa karabas-Barabas moyenerera, pomwe ojambula anali a zidole. Mtundu wa Papa Carlo amadziwika kuti ndi stanislavsky.
Vsevolod emlevich adayesa mphamvu ndi sinema. Pankhani yake 3 ya filimuyo, momwe adadzionetsera Yekha monga wotsogolera ndi wochita sewero. Mu riboni "chithunzi cha dorian imvi" adasewera Ambuye Herery.
Kukhala Wokhulupirika ku Mphamvu sikunakhale "diploma yoteteza" kwa matra - mkati mwa 1930s pamutu wake wamtambo. Adanyoza zamtsogolo mwake, koma sanagwiritse ntchito mwayiwo kupita ku Paris paulendowu.
M'nyengo yozizira ya 1936, nyuzipepala ya "Zowona" inasindikiza nkhani yotchedwa "supur m'malo mwa nyimbo." The Opera "Lay Macbeth MTSnsky County" adatsutsidwa ndi Dmitry shstakovich, ndipo ndi zolimba zake komanso "zojambulajambula komanso zenizeni. Ndipo Wolemba onseyu amatchedwa "Meyesini,".
M'chilimwe cha chaka chomwecho, mutu wa ojambula wa anthu omwe adalandira Stislavsky, NeMirovich-Danchenko, KACKIN. Pa mndandanda wazoperekedwa sizinachitike. Wotsogolera anathamangira kutsimikizira kuti anali "wake" wake, womwe unali wokhulupirika. Page pake, panali magwiridwe antchito ammudzi wa famuyo, ngwazi zatsopano zothamangitsa.
Komabe, chozizwitsa sichinachitike: mu Januware 1938, alendowo adatsekedwa. Kuchokera kwa wotsogolera wopota komanso wosagwira ntchito, onse amene anamuyamikirapo ndipo ananyadira kudziwa. Kucheza ndi Boris Pasterk, akatswiri ojambula angapo adakhalabe chimodzimodzi.
Mu Meyi, Stanislavsky anatambasula dzanja la thandizo la Vevolorod, wotsogolera woyang'anira ndi nyumba ya opera.
Imfa ya mphunzitsi ndi fano kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, muthane ndi sewero la munthu komanso baji. Mu June 1939 adamangidwa.
Moyo Wanu
Mkazi wa olga MIND ndi chikondi cha sukulu cha Vevolod Elilevich, pomwe adakwatirana ngakhale atakhala chaka chimodzi cha University - adawonetsa mwamuna wake kuti akhale ndi yunivesite atatu. Okwatirana amakhala ku likulu, mnyumbamo pa Novinsky Boulevard.
Ndili ndi mkazi wakale Sergei Zinaida reichiida Reich mat metra, komwe amagwira ntchito ngati mlembi. Adapempha kukongola kuti akhale wophunzira buku la akatswiri, zomwe zidamuyendera.
Mount Mount adatenga kwa mayi wachichepere yemwe anali ndi ana awiri a josenin m'manja mwake, kumvera chisoni, omwe amalandiridwa ndi manja awiri kunyumba kwawo. M'chilimwe cha 1922, mirempha yokhala ndi ana idapita kum'mwera. Nditabwerako kuchokera ku zotsalazo, ndidawona kuti ku Eukani adakhala mnyumbamo. Olga amayenera kuyang'ana nyumba yatsopano.
Pambuyo pake, mwana wamkazi wa Zinida Reich - Tatiana Yesenin - m'makumbukidwe ake mosapita m'mbali kuti amayi ake sanamvere chikondi kwa amayi opeza. Anakaza kuti mgwirizano ndi Aatta Madrah, yemwe adatsogolera zisudzo zake, natsegula chitseko cha dziko la Bohemia.
Zaka 5-6 pambuyo pake, Reich adakhala wapamwamba kwambiri wa zisudzo. Koma moyo wa anthu okwatirana ndi wovuta kutchula otukuka: adachitapo awiri angwiro mwa anthu, koma a Shakespeare adaleredwa kumbuyo kwa zitseko zotsekedwa.
Imfa
Zinida Reichi adapha mwankhanza masiku 25 atamangidwa. Achifwamba adalowa kudzera pazenera ndipo adayambitsa mayi wa mipeni 17 mpeni.
Malinga ndi malingaliro amodzi, achifphinde adatengedwa kupita kunyumba, omwe adawona mkazi yemwe adayamba kulira. Mwa ena, kuphedwa kwa kuphedwa ngati kuba. Akuti, Nkvd adabwezera m'paradiso kuti pakumanga mkaziyo adamuimba mlandu wolamulira kuzenera ku Esenin.
VSevolod Meyer adapulumuka mkazi wake: Pambuyo kuzunzidwa mwankhanza, adaimbidwa mlandu wogwira ntchito kundende ya ku Japan. MuFebruary 1940 adawomberedwa m'chipinda chimodzi cha Lubyanka. Fumbi lidawotchedwa m'manda akuluakulu ku Don Monry.
Malinga ndi chidziwitso china, chomwe chimayambitsa direpo cha wotsogolera chinali kumira mu mbiya ndi chidetso. Pamaso pake, omwe adasiya ndewu pa anzawo, adaphwanya zala zawo m'manja. Chithunzi chosungidwa m'ndende, chingawone momwe Vervolod Encilevich wabwera ndipo adatengedwa mndende.
Mdzukulu wa deyer, Maria Valentine, wazaka za m'ma 1950s adayika m'manda a Zinida Reich pa manda a VINAANKSKsk, chipilala chomwe dzina lake agogo adagwetsedwa. M'1956 anakwaniritsa kukonzanso kwa wotsogolera. Za malo ake maliro ake, Valentine adaphunzira mu 1987.
Pakati pa 1980s, nyumba ya amayi ya amayi ya amayi idadziwika kuti lilime la ma aftrical otchedwa "nyumba yodyera".
Zisudzo zimagwira ntchito
- 1906 - "Balant"
- 1917 - "Masquerade"
- 1918 - "Chinsinsi-Buff"
- 1921 - "Mgwirizano wa Unyamata"
- 1922 - "Granamping khadi"
- 1922 - "Imfa ya Tarelkin"
- 1924 - "Mphunzitsi Babi"
- 1926 - "Roe, China"
- 1929 - "Klop"
- 1930 - "Bantha"
- 1931 - "Wofunsa Womaliza"
- 1933 - "Kuyambitsa"
- 1934 "Dona ndi ngamiya"
- 1935 - "33 Kukomoka"
- 1935 - "Mwezi Wamwala"