Albert Cami - chithunzi, mbiri yamunthu, moyo waumwini, chifukwa cha imfa, mabuku

Chiphunzitso

Wolemba ku France, Essura ndi Wosewera Albert Camo anali woimira m'badwo wake. Kulefuka ndi zovuta za filosophone za cholinga cha moyo ndi kufunafuna kwa wolemba zenizeni zomwe zaperekedwa kwa wolemba chikhalidwe komanso mubwerere mphoto ya Nobel m'mabuku azaka 44.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Albert Cami adabadwa pa Novembara 7, 1913 ku Mondovy, Algeria, ndiye kuti inali gawo la France. Abambo ake-ku France adaphedwa pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, pomwe Alberta adakwaniritsidwa chaka chimodzi. Amayi a mnyamatayo, Chisipanishi chifukwa cha chiyambi, adapeza ndalama zochepa komanso nyumba zomwe zinali zosauka ku Algeria chifukwa cha ntchito yosayenerera.

Ubwana wa Albert anali wosauka komanso wowonda. Moyo ku Algeria unakhala wolemera chifukwa chotentha. Poona mawu a Camtu, iye anali wovutika kwambiri, komanso mokondwa kwambiri. " Cholowa chake ku Spain chinamupangitsa kudzidalira mu umphawi ndi kukonda ulemu. Cami adayamba kulemba ali mwana.

Ku Algeria University, adaphunzira zaphokoso - kufunika kwa moyo, kumatsindika za fanizo ndi Chikristu. Mukadali wophunzira, mnyamatayo adakhazikitsa zisudzo, nthawi yomweyo adatsogolera ndikusewera akuchita ziphuphu. Ali ndi zaka 17, Aberlarta odwala ndi chifuwa chachikulu, chomwe sichinamulole kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, chankhondo ndi kuphunzitsa. Cami adagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana asanakhale mtolankhani mu 1938.

Ntchito zake zoyambitsidwa koyamba zinali "njala ndi nkhope" mu 1937 ndi "phwando laukwati" mu 1939 - mndandanda wa nkhani zopezedwa ndi cholinga cha moyo ndi chisangalalo, komanso zopanda tanthauzo. Kalata ya Albert Camus adalemba kusiyana ndi buku la Bourgetois. Kusanthula kwake kosasangalatsa kuposa mavuto a phosatofi.

A Camtu adapanga lingaliro loti asurikiti, omwe adapereka mutu wazomwe zidayamba kwambiri. Kupusa kwake ndikobisalira pakati pa chikhumbo cha munthu wachimwemwe ndi dziko lapansi, lomwe amazimvetsetsa bwino, ndi zenizeni, zomwe zimachita mantha komanso zopanda pake. Gawo lachiwiri la malingaliro la Cape lidabuka koyamba: Munthu sayenera kungotenga chilengedwe chonse, komanso "kupandukira" motsutsana naye. Ulendowu si wandale, koma m'dzina la chikhalidwe.

Mabuku

"Kubowoka koyamba kwa Roma, komwe kofalitsidwa mu 1942, kunali kopanda tanthauzo la munthu. Bukuli likunena za mlembi wachichepere wotchedwa Merso, womwe ndi wofananira ndi munthu wamkulu. MERO mlendo kwa onse omwe ankayembekezera momwe anthu amakhudzika, iye "wanjenjera" m'moyo. Vuto la bukuli likuchitika pagombe pomwe ngwazi yolumikizidwa siyolakwika, ikugwedezeka Arabi.

Gawo lachiwiri la bukuli limaperekedwa kubwalo lakwawo kuti liphedwe ndi chimbudzi kuti aphedwe, omwe amawamvetsetsa momwemonso zomwe adapha Araba. Merso amawona kuti akufotokozera zakukhosi kwake, ndipo ndi kuwona mtima kumeneku komwe kumapangitsa kukhala "mlendo" mdziko lapansi ndipo akuwonetsa kukhudzika. Zinthu zambiri zimayimira chitsime chopusa cha moyo, ndipo izi zimakulitsidwa ndi mtundu wathyathyathya ndi utoto wa bukulo.

Cami adabwerera ku Algeria mu 1941 ndipo adamaliza buku lake lotsatira "nthano za Sissiff", lofalitsidwanso mu 1942. Ili ndi nkhani yanzeru yokhudza moyo wopanda tanthauzo. Sisif yopeka ya chikhalidwe, yomwe imaweruzidwa ku Muyaya, imadzutsa miyala yamphamvu kuphiri kuti iye anagwetsanso. SiSifa amayamba chizindikiro cha mtundu wa anthu ndipo m'malo mosintha nthawi zonse amakwaniritsa chigonjetso chomvetsa chisoni.

Mu 1942, ndinabwerera ku France, Cami adalowa mgululi kuti "kukana" ndipo adakwatirana "mu 1944, atakhala mkonzi wa nyuzipepala" nkhondo ". Komanso nthawi imeneyi, madola ake awiri oyamba adayika: "kusamvana" mu 1944 ndi "Kaligula" mu 1945

Udindo waukulu pakusewera woyamba adaseweredwa ndi wochita sewero Maria Kazares. Kugwira ntchito ndi cami kunasunthidwa mu ubale wakuya m'zaka zitatu. Mariya sanakhalebe pachibwenzi ndi Alebert mpaka kufa kwake. Mutu waukulu wa seweroli unali wopanda tanthauzo pamoyo ndi kutha kwa imfa. Zinali mu sewero la katswiriyu yemwe adamva bwino kwambiri.

Mu 1947, Albert anafalitsa buku lake lachiwiri ". Nthawi ino, cami adayang'ana mbali yabwino ya munthu. Pofotokoza za nthano chabe za mliri wa Bubonic ku Algeria ku Algeria ku Algeria, adakambirananso za mutu wa wopanda nzeru, woonekeratu chifukwa cha kuvutika nzeru komanso kuvutika ndi imfa yoyambitsidwa ndi mliri.

Wofalitsa, Dr. Rie, adafotokozera za "kuwona mtima" kwake - ndiye munthu amene wasunga mphamvu za chikhalidwe ndipo akuyesera, ngakhale atakumana ndi vuto la matendawa.

Pamodzi, bukuli limatha kuonedwa ngati lingaliro lopeka la ntchito yaku Germany ku France. "Mliri" adatchuka kwambiri kutchuka kwambiri kwa owerenga ngati chizindikiro cha kuvutika ndi mavuto - zovuta zazikulu zamunthu.

Buku lofunika lotsatira la cam lakhala "wogonjera." Zoperekazo zimaphatikizapo ntchito zofunika zitatu za wolemba, popanda kumene zimavuta kumvetsetsa lingaliro lake la kupezeka kumapeto. Mu ntchitoyo, amafunsa mafunso: Ufulu ndi chowonadi, zomwe zimakhala ndi munthu waufulu wowona. Moyo ku Camus ndi chipolowe. Ndipo ndikofunikira kukweza chitukuko kuti mukhale zenizeni.

Moyo Wanu

Pa June 16, 1934, Cami adakwatirana ndi Simone Hee, yemwe kale anali wachinyamata wa wolemba Max-Fuchee. Komabe, moyo wachimwemwe wa omwe angokwatirana kumene adatenga kwakanthawi - banjali lidagawika mpaka Juni 1936, ndipo chisudzulo chinamalizidwa mu Seputembara 1940.

Disembala 3, 1940, anakwatiwa ndi a Francine Francis, wa pianon ndi masamu, yemwe anakumana mu 1937. Ngakhale kuti adakonda mkazi wake, sanakhulupirire ukwati wa Indictitute. Ngakhale izi, awiriwo anali ndi ana akazi a Catherine ndi Jean, wobadwa pa Seputembara 5, 1945.

Imfa

Mu 1957, Mphotho ya Nobel m'mabuku a ntchito zake zidalandiridwa ndi mphotho ya Nobel. M'chaka chomwecho, Albert adayamba kugwira ntchito yatsopano yachinayi, ndipo adadzakhala woyang'anira wamkulu kwambiri paris zisudzo.

Pa Januware 4, 1960, adamwalira pa ngozi yagalimoto m'tawuni yaying'ono ya Villevin. Wolemba anali ndi zaka 46. Ngakhale ambiri anati chifukwa cha munthu amene adalemba makhonsolowa, kulibe chidakwa, palibe umboni wa izi. Ampos anapulumuka mkazi ndi ana ake.

Awiri a ntchito yake adasindikizidwa motere: "Imfa yachimwemwe", yolembedwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, ndipo lofalitsidwa mu 1971, ndipo "munthu woyamba" adalemba nthawi ya imfa yake. Mlanduwo unatayika chomvetsa chisoni, chifukwa anali atalembabe ntchito mokwanira komanso ozindikira kwambiri ndikuwonjezera mbiri yake yolenga.

Imfa ya Albert Cami, otsogolera ambiri padziko lonse lapansi adayambitsa ntchito za Mfalato kuti akawafile. Pali mafilimu 6 ophatikizidwa ndi mabuku a wafilosofi, ndipo mbiri imodzi yaluso yomwe mawu oyamba a wolemba amaperekedwa ndipo zithunzi zake zenizeni zikuwonetsedwa.

Mawu

"Mbadwo uliwonse, cholinga chake ndicholinga cha dziko lapansi" "Sindikufuna kukhala wanzeru, ndili ndi mavuto okwanira omwe ndidakumana nawo, kuyesera kukhala munthu" "kuzindikira zomwe tikhala amafa, amatembenuza moyo wathu kukhala nthabwala "" ulendowo monga sayansi yayikulu kwambiri komanso yayikulu imatithandizanso kuti tipeze

M'bali

• 1937 - "Kusinthana ndi Pamaso"
• 1942 - "Kubowola"
• 1942 - "Zabodza za Sissiff"
• 1947 - "Mliri"
• 1951 - "mkate waiwisi"
• 1956 - "kugwa"
• 1957 - "kuchereza"
• 1971 - "Imfa Yosangalatsa"
• 1978 - "diary yoyendera"
• 1994 - "Munthu Woyamba"