Chiphunzitso
Charles Babble - wa masamu wa ku Britambo, wafilosofi, yemwe ndi woyambitsa ndi injiniya, wopanga lingaliro la kompyuta yamakompyuta. Zikomo kwambiri ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana asayansi, zosamba ndi zina mwa anthu otchuka a ma polyma a Xix.
Charles Cabible adabadwa pa Disembala 26, 1791 ku London, m'banja wa Benjamin Babbiidja ndi Elizabeth (Betsy) mtundu wa lawi. M'banja, kuphatikiza kwa mnyamatayo, panali ana atatu. Mu 1808, Babbiim adasamukira ku Eastern Tingmouth.
Bambo wa asayansi yam'tsogolo anali wokwanira kuwonetsetsa kuti Mwanayo akadzakwanitsa zaka 8, amutumize kusukulu yachinsinsi ku Alfington. Wansembe yemwe anali kuchita maphunziro a mnyamatayo, osadandaula kuti ali mwana: Akakhala ndi mwana, a Charles nthawi zambiri amadwala, ndipo makolo adasankha kumidzi kuti athandize mwana wawo chifukwa cha kutentha thupi.
Pambuyo pake, Charles adapita ku Totnes ku South Devon kwakanthawi, koma posachedwapa Popanda nthawi yathandukira kuti abwerere kukaphunzira kuti akaphunzire kuchokera kwa aphunzitsi apadera. Atalandira maphunziro a kusukulu, 60 Bweretsani Maphunziro ku Enfield. Mu mabungwe ophunzitsa awa panali layi laibulale yambiri, chifukwa cha zomwe mnyamatayo adachita chidwi ndi masamu. Pambuyo pake, a Charles adaphunzirira kuchokera kwa aphunzitsi apadera kuti akwaniritse chidziwitso chokwanira kulowa Cambridge.
Mu 1810, Babbir anakhumudwitsa mnyamatayo, koma maphunziro ake anakhumudwitsa kwambiri kuposa mphunzitsi. Pamodzi ndi abwenzi mu 1812, Charles adapanga gulu lachiwonetsero, kenako ndikusamutsidwa ku koleji ina ya Cambridge, komwe adamaliza mu 1814, popanda mayeso akulandila digiri ya Bachelor.
Masamu ndi zopangidwa
Chifukwa cha mbiri ya umodzi mwa omaliza maphunziro abwino kwambiri, Charles adachita bwino pamunda wa sayansi. Poyamba mu 1815, adayesetsa ku Institute, ndipo mu 1816 adakhala membala wa Royal Society. Pokhala ndi phokoso, komabe, sanakwanitse, ndipo, ponena za kuphunzitsa, adalandira mobwerezabwereza akanakana. Chifukwa chake, mpaka 1827, bambo anali wodalira pazachuma kwa Atate wake ndipo adalandira ndalama mongolera yekha akamwalira.
Charles Cabbish anali wasayansi yemwe adathandizira kuti asayansi ambiri olondola, ochokera ku zakuthambo ndichuma. Koma cholowa chotchuka kwambiri cha iwo chinali ntchito zomwe zimachitika popanga ma appraarases, kuyembekezera makompyuta ndi makompyuta amakono.
Ntchito yoyamba yotere mu buciograograography yamphongo inali makina osintha kwambiri. Lingaliro la chilengedwe chake lidawonekera pa Charles mu 1822. Zipangizo zamalingalirozo zinali kuthandiza anthu kuwerengera zofunika kuti zakuthambo ndi kuyenda, zomwe panthawiyo nthawi imeneyo zinali nthawi yambiri ndipo zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha zolakwa zomwe zavomerezedwa ndi munthu.
Mu 1823, wasayansi wachinyamata adagawidwa ku chilengedwe, popeza wachifumu wachifumu, ndi zakuthambo, ndipo anthu zakuthambo ndi chidwi ndi chidwi cha Babbia. Komabe, Charles adalephera kuwerengera nthawi kapena njira. Zaka 3 zokonzedwa ndi zopezeka £ 1,500 m'gululi zinakhala zokwanira.
Podzafika 1827, kuwononga ndalama kunayamba kupitirira nthawi 2, ndipo ndalama zambiri za Babiya zinali zitayenera kugona. Ntchitoyo kwakanthawi idayenera kuchokapo, atakumana ndi mavuto, a Charles sakanapitiliza kufufuza zasayansi, ndipo asayansi adatha kubwerera ku makina osiyanitsa okha mu 1828. Ndalama pofika nthawi imeneyo, ndikupeza ndalama zowonjezereka kuchokera ku Babbir State kokha mu 1830.
Pambuyo 4 zaka, ntchitoyo idayimiriranso, ngakhale idakhalapo yambiri yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malonda. 3,000,000. Anapereka chilengedwe kuti chilengedwe, boma, lina la $ 6-7. Adawafunsa asayansi. Mpaka 1842, aboma asankha kupitiliza kuyikapo ntchitoyo, ndipo chifukwa chakanidwa. Pa nthawi yonse ya Charles, chipangizocho sichinali dodel. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1840, bamboyo adabweranso ku lingaliro la makina osiyanitsa ndikutenga mtundu wopangidwa bwino, koma kuyesaku sikunapangidwire bwino.
Ntchito yovuta komanso yopanda yankho ndi makina osintha sizinathe kuphedwa kwa Charles, ndipo mu 1833 lingaliro latsopano lidabwera kumutu kwake - kupanga makina owunikira, chipangizo chomwe chitha kupangidwa. Mosiyana ndi makina osiyanitsa, amatha kuthana ndi zovuta zambiri.
Mu 1834, babbish adayamba kupanga makina owunikira, omwe adatsogolera makompyuta omwe adamupatsa ulemu, atseke atamwalira. Mapangidwe a chipangizocho amatanthauza kukhalapo kwa kukumbukira (kosungirako), mphero (madongosolo a Analog), kuwongolera ndi chipangizo cholowa komanso kutanthauzira deta. Komanso mu kapangidwe kake panali chinthu china chomwe chidayambitsa zochitikazo, kulumikizana ndi "Warehouse" ndikuwerenga zomwe zalembedwazo.
Pa ntchitoyi, Charles adagwira ntchito pawokha, ndipo munthu yekhayo amene adawona kuthekera kwathunthu kwa lingalirolo kunali gehena wokoma mtima, mzimayi yemwe lero amadziwika kuti mapulogalamu oyamba. Ntchito zake, kutengera polojekiti ya makina owunikira, amawerengedwa kuti ndi ntchito yoyamba pakompyuta ya sayansi yamakompyuta.
Ngakhale kuti sayansi imawoneka ndi makina opanga ma inshuwaransi, iyo, komanso makina osiyana, sanamalizidwe. Mu 1851, wasayansi adalemba kuti mwayi wake, makamaka zachuma, sikokwanira kuthetsa ntchitoyi.
Ntchito ya Charles pambuyo pa imfa ya asayansi idapitilira mwana wake wamwamuna Henry. Podzafika mu 1888, adakwanitsa kupanga msonkhano wapakati pa makina owunikira, ndipo mu 1906, mothandizidwa ndi kampani ya Monobble, Banirdir Junior adapangidwa mwachitsanzo.
Charles amagwira ntchito kudera la makina osefukula nawonso adapitilira: zojambula zake, zida zingapo mu 1854 zidamasulidwa ku Sweden. Kenako Martin Vieberg anadziwitsa mtundu wosinthira, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito makinawo kuti aziwerengera matebulo agawani.
Pang'ono chifukwa cholephera chinali kukhudzidwa kwambiri kwa Babbej. Adalipira nthawi yayitali ku minda ina yasayansi, komanso kuchita bwino. Kufuna kwa njanji ya njanji kudapangitsa kuti Charles adasautsa ndege ndikukhala m'modzi mwa opanga tachumeter. Pali china chake chothokoza wasayansi ndi zofalitsa: makina atsopano opangidwa ndi Babbeck, komanso njira yopangira mawilo mawilo.
Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya simulungu yomwe idasandulika ntchito yazambiri zamatekinoloji. Mutu womwe wayambitsidwa m'bukuli amatchedwa "Ntchito Zofufuza". Pambuyo pa bukuli, ntchitoyi idagulitsidwa bwino ndipo mu 1836 panali kale 4. Pambuyo pake, John Mill adauzidwa ndi Charles muchuma, ndipo kukhulupirika kwa Babjaja mpaka kugawa kwa ntchito kunaonekera ndi Carl Marx.
Moyo Wanu
Pa Julayi 25, 1814, mu mpingo wa Tingmouth of St. Michael Charles Cable Coble adagwirizana ndi ukwati wokhala ndi ukwati wokhala ndi chizungulire. Poyamba, banjali limakhala ku Shrophot, kenako mu 1815 idasamukira ku Devonshire Street ku London.
Muukwati pa Charles ndi Georgia, ana 8 adabadwa, koma a Benjamini anayi, Georgiana, a Dughad ndi Henry adapulumuka. Nthawi yovuta kwambiri m'moyo wa Charles inali 1827, ndiye kuti Atate, mkazi ndi ana amuna awiri a wasayansi adamwalira.
Chosangalatsa chenicheni: Kwa mwanabija, Babiya adapatsidwa udindo waukulu komanso kulimba mwamphamvu, koma chifukwa cha malingaliro awo andale adakana komanso kuchokera pa linalo.
Imfa
Charles Cabich adamwalira pa Okutobala 18, 1871 mu zaka 79. Choyambitsa Imfa chinali chakulephera kwa impso choyambitsidwa ndi matenda a kwamikodzo. Wasayansi adayikidwa m'manda a London Cell Green (ndiye manda a ponseponse).
Zochita zasayansi ndi zopangidwa za Babja m'munda wa ma comluming zida zidazindikiridwa pokhapokha cha Charles. Mu 2011, ofufuza aku Britain adayamba ntchito yopanga miliyoni 28 ", adapangidwa kuti apange makina owunikira a Babba. Chipangizocho chimayenera kukhala ndi ma 675 kukumbukira kukumbukira ndikugwira ntchito pafupipafupi 7 Hz. Ndikukonzekera kumaliza ntchito yolimbikitsa ndi 2021, nthawi yomanga galimotoyo mpaka zaka 150 za imfa ya Charles Babbi.
Chifukwa cholumikizira wasayansi ndi Totnes mu 2007, zojambula zake zidawonekera pa chipembedzo cha mapangidwe a matindi 5 a Lotton, ndalama zakomweko.