Chiphunzitso
Chimodzi mwa malingaliro abwino a Russia of the Pazaka za XX, wafilosofi, wolemba komanso wolemba mabuku. Matenda a Ivan Ilin, odzipereka a George Hegel, amawerengedwa kuti amatanthauzira zabwino kwambiri za ntchito za Germany woganiza bwino. Ilyn sanavomereze kusintha ndi ulamuliro wa Bolshevik, komwe kunali chifukwa chochotsedwera ku Russia.
Moyo kudziko lachilendo unali wolemera kwambiri wasayansi yemwe adaziwona mu utumiki wa abambo. Koma chifukwa cha ophunzira ake ndi otsatira ake omwe adabweretsa ntchito yophunzitsira, zopereka za Ilina Kukula kwa malingaliro a Russia sayenera kusokonezeka.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Ivan Alexandrovich Ilyn adabadwa pa Marichi 28 (malinga ndi kalembedwe katsopano pa Epulo 9) ya 1883 ku Moscow m'banja lalikulu lakale. Abambo Alexander Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ilyn - Secretaryy Selectary, Chigawo cholulukira cha Moscow chipinda cha kuweruza milandu. Amayi - Ekaterina Yulievna Schweiker, dziko la Germany, lomwe adatenga Orthodoxy. Awiriwa anabweretsa ana achinayi: Alexey, Alexander, Ivan ndi Igar.
Banja la Ilya linali lotchuka chifukwa cha ukoma komanso wolemekezeka. Mwa makolo odabwitsa kwa abambo - agogo a ivan Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich Ivanovich, mainjiniya anali nawo pomanga nyumba ya Grand Kremlin, anatumikiranso mwa Iye woyang'anira. Alexander Ivanovich anali mafupa a Emperor Alexander II.
Makolo, anthu achipembedzo ndi ophunzira komanso ophunzira, anafuna kupatsa ana maphunziro abwino ndipo anakonza zophunzitsira kwawo. Ana onse a ku Ilyini adalandira maphunziro abwino kwambiri m'pamwamba za abambo.
Ivan, nawonso, omwe ankaphunzira zaka 5 ku Moscos Commu Coor Coor Coorgolium ndi zaka zitatu m'Kombo loyamba la 1 Moscow a Moscow University mu 1901. Wofunsidwa ndi mendulo yagolide ndikudziwanso bwino zilankhulo zingapo (kupatula French ndi Germany, yemwe ali ndi Chilatini, Greek ndi tchalitchi) pambuyo pake adakhala m'modzi mwa ophunzira abwino kwambiri kuyunivesite.
Zochita ndi zochitika
Ataphunzira bwino, Ivan adatengedwa ndi nzeru. Pang'onopang'ono, kulakalaka kumakonzedwanso ndi chidwi chachikulu. Kudziwa bwino zilankhulo kunatsegula wophunzira waluso wa Aristotle, a Aristotle, a Arquing, a Jean-arques amalowa m'ziphunzitso za Hegel. Kuyandikira kwa malingaliro a wafilosoferosi wa ku Germany Ilin adzasesa moyo wake wonse, udzakhala maziko pakupanga ntchito zotchuka kwambiri za bukuli.
Aphunzitsi a Ivan adakhala otchuka aphunzitsi: kalonga wa Evgeny Trubertskoy, paveve a Novgorood okhalamo, omwe, kuwonjezera pa luso la munthuyo, ananena momwe amagwirira ntchito kwambiri. Inali trunsebetskaya yomwe idapempha ilyn kumapeto kwa maphunziro awo mu 1906 adatsala ku Alma Mater, adayamba kukonzekera ntchito ndi kupititsa patsogolo zoperekazo.
Nkhani zoyambirira za mphunzitsi wachinyamatayo zinayamba kuwerenga maphunziro achikazi apamwamba achikazi, komwe anakumana ndi mkazi wamtsogolo - Natalia Vocach. Ukwati sunaphwanye malingaliro ake pantchito ya sayansi. Mu 1909, iin, ndikudutsa mayeso, adalandira digiri ya boma m'malamulo aboma, adateteza mutu wa madandaulo a chilamulo cha Encyclopedia University of Moscow Yunivesite ya Moscow.
Kuyamba kwa ntchito zasayansi kwa Ivan Ilin kumawerengedwa kuti ndi 1910, pomwe adadzakhala membala wa magazini ya Moscow ndikufalitsa ntchito yoyamba "tanthauzo la Lamulo ndi Mphamvu". Pambuyo pake, wasayansi ndi mkazi wake amapita ku United Discon ku Europe. Mpaka mu 1912, amamvera nkhani ya anzeru ambiri ku Europe, mzinda wa Zimmel, E. Gosser ndi ena omwe ali mayunivesin a Berlin ndi Paris.
Ulendowu unali wa wasayansi wina ndi lingaliro latsopano, latsopano: Europe zaka zimenezo anakumana ndi zochitika zamakhalidwe anzeru zanzeru komanso zomwe wapeza. Makamaka, inemina kunakondweretsa kumvetsetsa kwa sayansi ya zinthu zina. Wophunzitsa wachichepereyo ndipo amalankhula ndi malimidwe a sayansi, nkhani zake zimakondwerera kuchita bwino. Atafika patsogolo, ilyin adabwera ku Russia mu 1913 kutsatira zouziridwa, malingaliro athunthu asayansi ndi kulemba azart.
"Ndimaganiza ndikuganiza kwambiri kotero kuti nthawi yakutopa kapena kufooka ndikuwoneka kuti ndine wopusa", "akulemba zolemba zake.
Ilyin amagwira ntchito kwambiri: Nkhani zake zosangalatsa pa filosophy ndi psychology ku Moscow ku Universi Universi Yunivesite imasonkhanitsa zipinda zathunthu za ophunzira. Mwaulere kuchokera kuzinthu zophunzitsira, Ivan akugwira ntchito pa zolemba ndi makonda. Mmodzi wa nthenga zake: "Zochitika pa mbiri yakale" (1911), "pachitsitsimutso cha chipembedzo" (1912), "Tanthauzo Lankhondo "(1915) ndi ena ambiri.
Zonsezi zikuchitika motsutsana ndi maziko a kusintha kwa 1917. Komabe, mafoni oyamba sachita mantha ndi mdani wa anthu ena. Ngakhale zochitika za February zomwe Iye amawona ngati chisokonezo chochepa. Koma ECotembenukira ndi kusintha kwa ulamuliro, amakumana ndi zoopsa zenizeni. Ilyn Sottoodly Ottotwoodly Oonlow adathandizira gulu loyera, kuphatikiza nawo kampachi, zolemba zomwe zidasindikizidwa ndi alonda oyera, kuwatcha opambana. Pa izi, zoposa nthawi yomweyo zimamangidwa kuyambira mu 1918.
M'chaka chimenecho, nzeru za Hellus atsimikiza ndi munthu womaliza wa "Hereli, monga munthu womaliza mtima wa Mulungu ndi munthu", kulandira madigiri awiri nthawi imodzi: mbuye ndi madokotala a sayansi ya boma. Ndipo kumangidwa kwa wasayansi wodziwika, kenako kuzengedwa mlandu, kunayambitsa kumveka kwakukulu pagulu. Mwa zina, chifukwa chakuteteza kwa anzeru, ambulansi amcreny ku Ilina anali osindikizidwa.
Zaka 4 zaku Ivan Alexandrovich adagwira ntchito molimbika kuti ayang'anire chekisti, kangapo anamangidwa chifukwa cha "chitukuko cha ntchito ya anti-Soviet". Zotsatira zake, mwa dongosolo la akuluakulu, inemina amatumizidwa ku Russia pa Russia pa "firosophopiical Steamer." Pamodzi ndi iye, anthu ena 160 ochokera pakati pa anzeru omwe apitawa adatsalira.
Wosamuka
Ku Germany, pomwe wasayansi wa ku Russia adafika, chaputala chatsopano cha mbiri yake idayamba. Mu 1923, yunivesite ya Scian Isanja ya ku Russia idatsegulidwa ku Brilin, yomwe pulofesa yemwe adabereka. Anakuphunzitsani za Encyclopedia ya malamulo, malingaliro komanso anzeru ku Russia ndi ku Germany ndipo adalipirabe chidwi cholemba ndi maphunziro. Mwa ntchito zosiyana nthawi imeneyi - kapangidwe kake "pokana zamphamvu zoyipa" zidafalitsidwa mu 1925.
Kuphatikiza apo, Ilyn adatsogolera ntchito yapagulu gulu la chipembedzo ndi nzeru za afilosofi ndi mafilosofi. Anayenda ndi zonena za Russia onse ku Europe, inafalitsa magaziniyo "Russian Bell". Zikuwoneka kuti moyo wosamukira kudera linayamba kukhazikitsidwa, koma pa Fascism idafika ku Germany. Pokana kuvomereza malingaliro a dziko la National Socissis, Ilyn amakakamizidwa kuchoka ku yunivesite, ndipo posakhalitsa kubisala ku Gestapo konse.
Mu 1938 yekha, adatha kupita ku Switzerland. Mnzake wakale, wopanga nyimbo rakmanino, adathandizidwa kuti akhazikike pano, omwe adalonjeza ndalama kuti wafilosopheri ndi mkazi wake sanachotsedwa ku Berlin.
Akuluakulu aboma adalola kuti ilyn akhalebe, koma adasiya ufulu wogwira ntchito, buku ndi zochitika zina. Ivan Alexandrovich ndi mkazi wake adakhazikika m'dera la Zurich - Tsollyon. Zomwe angachite ndikuchita sayansi.
Apa, mchili chachiwiri adasamuka, Ivan Ilyn adalemba ntchito zingapo zabwino. Choyamba, ntchitoyi idamalizidwa, yomwe idadzipereka zaka 33 - "axioms offing of Ficial offied". Adalembanso mabuku atatu "magetsi amoyo. Buku la matonthozo "," kuyimba mtima. Buku la Lokhazikika "ndi" pa chikhalidwe cha Russia chobwera. "
Moyo Wanu
"Mphamvu ya chibadwa ndi mphamvu ya mzimu imaphatikizidwa kuti isapatsidwe; Ndipo kenako chikondi chathupi chimakhala chizindikiro chokhulupirika komanso cholondola cha chikondi chauzimu komanso chikondi chauzimu, "a Ivan Alexandrovich adalemba m'mabuku ake.Anali ndi mwayi wokumana ndi mwamunayo yemwe anasangalala ndi moyo wake komanso ubale wake wauzimu.
Natalia Nikolaevna Vokaach adakhala malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, mnzake ndi udindo wa wasayansi wa ku Russia. Omaliza maphunziro apamwamba a mayiko achikazi, mayi wowunikira ndi wophunzira, adagawana malingaliro a wokwatirana naye. Wolemba mbiri, wolemba mbiri, mbiri.
Natalia Nikolaevna adagawana ndi amuna awo maliro onse akusamukira ndipo anali pafupi kwambiri, kuchirikiza komanso kusamala. Kunalibe ana ochokera ku banja.
Imfa
Ngakhale kuti anali ndi chidwi cholemba, Ivan Alexandrovich sanali nthawi yokwanira. Ankafuna kumaliza bukulo "pamulambo", wokonzekera kufalitsa ntchito "njira yopita," adakonzekera kusintha ntchito yokalamba. Koma panali nzeru zomwe zinali kuvutika ndi kama wa chipatala. Zotsatira zake, thupi silinalimbane ndi katundu: Disembala 21, 1954, Iyin anamwalira. Imfa idachitika chifukwa chofooka chifukwa cha matenda pafupipafupi.
Ivan Alexandrovich adaikidwa m'manda ku Zollyon. Mkaziyo, yemwe adapulumuka kwa zaka 8, adapezanso mtendere wamuyaya. Mu 2005 kokha, okwatirana amapita ku Russia ndipo anaika m'manda mu necropolis wa a a Don Wanket.
Ntchito za Ilina zidayamba kufalitsidwa kudziko lakwawo kuyambira pachiyambi cha 90s ndipo zidatchuka m'mawu ambiri odziwika m'masiku ano. Zolemba za wafilosofi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawu awo ndi Purezidenti wa Russian Vladimir Punin, filimu yoyang'anira nikita Mikhalkov ndi ena.
M'bali
- 1915 - "chiphunzitso chambiri kumanja ndi boma"
- 1918 - "Malingaliro a Hegel monga chiphunzitso cha konkriti ya Mulungu ndi munthu
- 1925 - "Pa kukana kwa mphamvu"
- 1931 - "Poizoni Bolshevism"
- 1937 - "Chikhazikitso cha Chikhalidwe Chachikhristu"
- 1958 - "Kuimba mtima. Buku Lokhazikika Kwambiri "