Chiphunzitso
Richard Strauss ndi wovota wa ku Germany, yemwe mawu ake ayankha moyo wa zaka za zana la 19 mpaka 70. M'modzi mwa opanga nyimbo zodziwika bwino kwambiri ku Germany, adakhazikitsidwa ngati woyimba komanso wochititsa. Strauss amalemekezedwa m'moyo, ulemerero m'malo mwake monga lero chifukwa cha ntchito zosafa.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Richard Strauss adabadwa pa June 11, 1864 ku Munich. Abambo a Richard anali zotsatira kuchokera kwa ogwira ntchito omwe adakwanitsa kukwaniritsa zodziwika ndi zikomo kwa talente ya fan. Anakhala mphunzitsi woyamba wa Mwana. Amayi a mnyamatayo anali mwana wamkazi wa wolemera komanso anali ndi mapangidwe abwino komanso chizolowezi cha nyimbo. Mu banja lake anali ojambula ojambula.
M'zaka 4, Richard adayamba makalasi pa piyano, ndipo 6 amadziwa kulemba. Nthawi imeneyi ikani zogwira ntchito yoyamba. Strauss Jr. Amakonda Nyimbozi, adaphunzira ndi chisangalalo ndi kumenyedwanso. Maluso omwe bambowo amadutsa kale achinyamata, ndipo amafuna zochitika zatsopano.
Ali ndi zaka 10, mnyamatayo adamva nyimbo za Richard Wagner. Strauss adagonjetsa mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a wolemba a Opera. Mmenemo, sanatembenukire ndi Atate wake, yemwe amaganiza kuti ntchito ya Wogner yotsika. Abambo adaletsa mwana wake wamwamuna kuti amvere nyimbozi. Richard adatha kuphunzira zolemba za Tristan ndi Isaltas, "akapolo akulu.
Pazokambirana za Khothi la Khotistra, Conruuss-JR. Anaphunzirapo kanthu pa nyimbo za nyimbo ndi zokongoletsera chifukwa cha kuyang'anira kuyang'anira kwa Atate. Kuphatikiza apo, adakwatirana kunyumba ndikuphunzira ntchito yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kenako, ku Yunivesite ya Munich, wovota wamtsogolo womwe amapezeka kale ndi mbiri yaukadaulo komanso nzeru.
Wojambulayo Friderich Mayor adapereka maphunziro ang'onoang'ono ogwirizana ndikufotokozera kusanthula mitundu. Mukamachita nawo a Amateur orchestra, Richard amayesa kudziwa bwino ntchito ndipo adapanga zoyeserera zoyambirira. Talente yake inkaonekeratu kuti palibe chifukwa cholowera pamwala.
Nyimbo
Ntchito yoyambirira ya mbewa idadziwika ngati chitsanzo cha zachikondi moyenera. Luso la chiyambi cha wolemba amazindikira za otsutsa, zojambulajambula ndi kuchititsa. Hans a nkhokwe zakumbuyo ndi wolowa m'malo ndi wolowa m'malo mwake, adapereka utsogoleri wachichepere wa Khothi la Saxens-Magenansky. Koma anakopeka ndi anthu wamba, ndipo Richard anachoka mumzinda, akuyesetsa kuchita zabwino kwambiri.
Anapambana maudindo a 3 Kapelo ku Kunich Khothi Lote. Kuyesa kwa nyimbo kwapanga malingaliro oganiza motsutsana ndiulendo wopita ku Italiya, ndipo mu 1886 ntchito ya "kuchokera ku Italy" idabadwa.
Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu monga mtumiki wa Asaima Khothi, Strauss adalemba opera ndikugwirizanitsidwa mogwirizana ndi ndakatulo ya symphony, yomwe ili mu 1889. Kupanga kwa mbewa kunali kopambana. Richard anali ndi zaka 25, luso lake la kulenga linayamba kupanga, ndipo nyimbo zinali zokonzekera kale kuzipereka.
Ntchito yotsatira iConic inali a Macbeth Opera. Otsutsa adaganiziridwa kuti amafotokoza zowonjezereka, ndipo Atate wake adanenanso molimbika za zolemba za mwana, kufunsa kuti asinthe zinthuwo. Kuchita zolimbitsa thupi komanso kuchuluka kwa nyimbo kumapangitsa nyimbo. Koma malingaliro am'maganizo omwe analinso ndi kulawa omvera ena. Shakespeare Tsoka, kusokonezeka ndi kumvekera kwamphamvu mu opera.
Mu 1889, anthu adazidziwa bwino "imfa ndi kuwunikira", zomwe zidafotokoza zofooka za anthu ndi kuzindikira kwa kusintha. Ntchitoyi imamva kuopa kusintha, kuperekera kusintha kwa nyumba ndi kusadakwa chiyembekezo.
Mu 1893, strauss adawonetsedwa pagulu la sewero la nyimbo "Guntram". Ndipo mu 1895th anawonetsa omvera "kusangalala a Tilenshpigel", odzipereka kwa mnzake a Arthur ndipita. Ntchito ya mphindi 15 yotsutsa idadziwika kuti ndiyabwino kwambiri pazomwe adalemba. Pulogalamu yayifupi imakhala ndi zigawo 27 za moyo ndi maulendo a ngwazipepala yazilemba.
1896th analembedwa ndi kutulutsidwa "analankhula zarathustra." ZayAn adatenga gawo pogwira ntchito ndakatulo yanyimbo. Pakuchita bwino, adakhala wolimbikitsa, kupatsa buku la Chiedzhe.
Ndakatulo ya Symphonic yokhala ndi zidutswa 9 malinga ndi mitu ya bukuli idakhala zitsanzo za chikondi cha Germany. Zingwe zomwe zimachitika pa oyang'anira mu Frankfurt ndipo owatsogolera amatsutsa komanso omvera. Mu 1904, adalemba "kunyumba yanyumba", yomwe idadziwika ndi ntchito yomaliza ntchito ya mtundu wa mtundu wa mtundu uwu.
Mu 1905, Sarah Bernard Strauss adalemba sewero la sewero la Oscar Wildde. Patatha zaka imodzi ndi theka amafunikira strausiss kukagwira ntchito pamphesa. Premiere adayamba kukhala wowonda. Zovuta zoopsa, zonena zowoneka bwino komanso zofananira zomwe zidapangidwazo zidapanga apotherosis pozungulira.
Wowonerera Wowonerera wa ku Germany wokhala ndi kuvutika kuvomera nkhani ya strauss. Ojambula adakana kusewera. Kenako adatsatira "electorra". Ntchito ziwiri zidayamba kulowera ku Europe, pang'onopang'ono kulowa pang'onopang'ono maofesi osiyanasiyana.
Richard anayamba kugwira ntchito molimbika ngati wochititsa ndipo adalandira positi ku Khothi la Berlin. Kenako anaikidwa ndi nkhani ya nyimbo za khothi la Berlin Khothi. Zikondwerero za Nyimbo zotsogozedwa pansi pa atchents zimachitika m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya Germany. Novator idakhala yofunikira. Anawakonda kwambiri paulendo, ndipo omvera ku USA kwa miyezi iwiri "yotchedwa" wochititsa, yemwe adapereka konsati 35 ku America.
The amphamvu ndi olimbikira woimba analenga Kavalera Rose mu 1911. Adatsatira ma opera atsopano, zolemba za nyimbo za makonda ndi zojambulajambula zamasewera. Strauss adayenda ulendo wopita ku Europe, United States ndipo mu 1913 adafika ku Russia. Panthawiyo, adagwira kale ntchito pa "stvine symphony", yomwe idawona Kuwala mu 1915 ku Berlin. Nyimbo yawo imawonedwa ngati imodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri mu nyimbo zapakale.
Wopanga nyimbo adagwira ntchito ndi Hugo Zaurdarstamatia akugwira ntchito pa "mkazi wopanda mthunzi". Premiere wa opera adachitika mu 1919. Nthawi yomweyo, alendo a Richard adalandiridwa kuti akhale woyang'anira wa Vienna, komwe adagwira ntchito zaka 5 zikugwira ntchito zaka 5. Adalenga bata ndi opera.
Munthawi yovuta yosintha ndale, chisangalalo chakhalabe chokha. Amamva kuwawa kwa anthu ndikumuyankha ndi nyimbo. Osakumana ndi mavuto, wotchedwa Worsaser sanasiye kupanga, kulemba zachikondi ndi opera.
Kupulumuka Kwambiri Kufa kwa Korofmanstal, woimbayo anali kufunafuna mnzanu watsopano ndikumuwona ku Stefan Tsweig. Koma boma la Hitler silinavomereze zochita za wolemba. Strauss sanamalizidwe ndi manyazi a wokondedwa wawoyo, nasiya.
Wolembayo amagwira ntchito mopepuka, nyimbo zake zimakhala zodzaza ndi zabwino komanso zamphamvu. Kulemba kwa mbewa ndi kwa ora "do quixote", "ngwazi ya" "ngwazi ya" "ngwazi ya" "ngwazi" ndi "promannom" yolemekezeka ". Wolemba nyumbayo ndi nthabwala amatchula zaluso zake, amadzitcha Yekha "nthawi yachiwiri".
Moyo Wanu
Richard Strauss adakumana ndi chikondi chake mu 1887, amalankhula wochititsa a Genzal ndi Gretel Opera. Mukupanga, wojambula zithunzi za Maria dena, momwe wopekayo adakondera popanda kukumbukira. Polankhula ndi woyang'anira wake, ananena kuti wojambula paphwandopo ku Guntram Opera.
Polina ali ndi vuto. Ngakhale izi, mu 1894 ukwati wake wokhala ndi strauss a Richard adachitika. Ukwati unkaphatikizidwa ndi manyoro omwe anakwiya ndi mkazi wake. Strauss anali wokondwa m'moyo wake ndipo adalekerera zovuta zake. Pambuyo pa mikangano ndi mkazi wake, nthawi zambiri amapita kukadzoza, motero amamuwona za Paul Harina Unali wosuta. Kwa iye, wolemba adalemba nyimbo zochepa, zomwe adazengereza wochita zokhala pampando wa kutchuka. Koma izi sizinalepheretse munthu wansanje mwamuna wake kuti achite naye nsanje.
Ngakhale panali ubale wovuta, banjali linali ndi ana. Mu 1896, wolowa m'malo wa wolosa Franz Strauss adabadwa. Maonekedwe ake amaperekedwa ku "mng'ono "kunyumba".
Koma mwana wamwamuna wokondedwa sanachepetse kuchuluka kwa kupaka moto. Adayankha momasuka za mwamuna wake, adamudzudzula pagululi, adawonetsa kuti anali wosavomerezeka pagulu komanso wotchuka. Kusamba kumasokererako sikunasamale, ngakhale adakumana ndi mkwiyo wotentha.
Atalandira cholemba pa omwe akuti adayamba chibwenzi cha amuna awo pambali, woimbayo adamuletsa. Pambuyo pake, njoka sizikhala ndi wina aliyense, popeza moyo wake wonse umakonda mkazi m'modzi ndikupitilizabe kuwononga ntchito zake.
Imfa
Richard Strauss adakhala moyo wautali. Imfa idamupeza mu chaka cha 86. Wopanga anali wofooka komanso udzu. Thupi lake lidatha chifukwa cha ntchito yachangu. Nthawi zambiri tidziwitse zofooka ndi mtima wodwala. Nthawi zina amakhala ndi vuto lililonse ngakhale atataya chikumbumtima. Chifukwa chomwalira kwa wopembawo chinachitika kuti chilengedwe chikhale chachilengedwe cha m'badwo wake. Seputembara 8, 1949 Adamwalira.
Choonadi chokhudzana ndi dzina la alendo. Nthawi zambiri zimatengedwa kuti ndi wachibale wina wotchuka, Johann Strauss, yemwe adalemekeza Zaltz. Koma chowonadi chokhacho chomwe United States anali ndi chidwi chowonjezereka cha anzis ndi adolf Hitler.
Nyimbo
- 1887 - "Ku Italy"
- 1889 - "Don Juan"
- 1890 - "Macbeth"
- 1895 - "Kusemphana Kwa Tila Ulenenspigel"
- 1896 - "Analankhula za Zarathistra"
- 1898 - "Don Quixote"
- 1904 - "Symyny Home"
- 1905 - "Salome"
- 1909 - "Electo"
- 1911 - Kavaler maluwa
- 1928 - "Elena Egypt"
- 1935 - "Mkazi Wakutontho"
- 1938 - "Tsiku la Dziko Lapansi"