Mbiri Yodziwika
Khalidwe la ndakatulo ya Shoeaic Nikoit Gogol "Wakufa". Mwininyumba, wolota wopanda chiyembekezo. Manilov ali ndi ana amuna ndi akazi a Lizonkka.Mbiri Yolengedwa
Lingaliro la "miyoyo yakufa" Gogola adawonetsa Alexander Pushkin, motere kuchokera m'buku la chivomerezo "Gogol." Phakakinkinnen mwiniyo adachita izi kuchokera pamtundu wa Ambuye mkati mwa cholumikizira ku Chisinau. Wina wanena za tawuni ku Bessarabia, komwe palibe wina akumwalira, kupatula ankhondo.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la XIX, anthu ambiri akuthawa kuchoka pachimake chapakati ku Russia. Othawawo amafuna apolisi, koma adadzitengera mayina a akufa, kotero atapeza mayina a akufa, choncho kuti adziwe kuti pali wina, sizinali zosatheka. Zotsatira zake, zinali kunja kuti mumzinda uno kwa nthawi yayitali imfa sizinalembetsedwe. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, anthu adasiya kufa. Akuluakuluwo adayamba kufufuza, ndipo zidakwana anthu akumatumbo aluso omwe sanakhale opanda mapepala a mayina awo.
Gogol Mwiniwake amatchula zomwe zimagwira pa "miyoyo yakufa", mu kalata yokankhira mu 1835. Patatha chaka chimodzi, Gogol akukwera ku Switzerland, kenako ku Paris ndi Italy, komwe akupitilizabe kulembedwa.
Machaputala osiyanitsa gogian Gogiol pamsonkhanowu amawerenga Pusgionn ndipo winayo amadziwika. Mu 1842, ntchito idasindikizidwa koyamba. Buku silinamalizidwe. Zolemba zosakwanira za kuchuluka kwa mutu wasungidwa.
Chiphunzitso
Manilov ndi bambo wa chiyambi chapakati chapakati, mwininyumba. Ngwazi ili ndi tsitsi loyera, maso abuluu komanso akumwetulira. Ngwazi imayambitsa ndikutenga, nthawi zambiri kumaseka ndikumwetulira. Nthawi yomweyo, imakukomera kapena kutchera maso ake ndipo imakhala ngati mphaka, yomwe "inatero makutu". Zikuwoneka kuti chithunzi cha munthu wotchuka komanso wosangalatsa poyamba, maonekedwe ndi mafumu ndi zachilendo kusinthidwe, kupsa mtima "skrity".
Manilov anali mkulu, koma tsopano apuma pantchito. Anzakewo adaganiza kuti ngwazi ya anthu ophunzira komanso anzeru. Ngakhale munkhondo ku ngwazi, chizolowezi chosuta chubu chidawonekera. Ngwaziyo yapita ku banja kwazaka zoposa zisanu, koma osangalala muukwati. Manilov ndi Mnzake Lizonaka ali okhutira wina ndi mnzake ndikulankhulana pang'ono. Ngwazi imabweretsa ana amuna awiri ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwirizo, zomwe zidapatsidwa mayina achilendo kwa "Greek" wachi Greek.
ManiloV amasiyana ndi anthu a gulu limodzi ndi iye, ndi magazi olemera a Mr. Wotchuka. Ngakhale zili zosangalatsa komanso zokoma za munthu, Manilov amatopa, sizosangalatsa kulumikizana naye. Ngwazi sizidziwika ndi chilichonse, sizitha kunyamula zokambirana ndipo zikuwoneka ngati munthu wofewa yemwe walandidwa ndi ndodo yamkati.
Ngwazi sizingachitike, sizikhala ndi zinthu zosangalatsa, malingaliro ake kapena malingaliro ake, zomwe zimawona kuti ndikofunikira kuteteza. Manilov mwa mfundo sizikudzipereka, zimakonda kupotoza m'mitambo ndikuwunika zinthu zopanda pake. Ngwazi imatha kulowa m'chipindacho, kukhala pampando ndipo kwa maola ochepa kuti agwere kulowerera.
Manilov ndi waulesi. Ngwaziyo idakhazikitsidwa famu ya Samotek, ndipo zinthu zomwe zili m'malo mwa malo zimathetsedwa popanda kutenga nawo gawo la eni ake. Manilov sanawone minda yawo ndipo samapitilizabe kunena za anyamata omwalira, omwe amalankhula za chidwi chathunthu cha nyumba yake.
M'nyumba ya Mayire, iwonso amatuluka m'manja moipa, ndipo eni ake samvera. Atumiki a manilovy kumwa, osatsata mawonekedwe awo, ndipo musakwaniritse ntchito, malo osungirako akumabweretsa, ndipo khitchini imawononga zinthu zopusa. Eni okhawo, komanso antchito, musamayang'anire zomwe zikuchitika mnyumbamo komanso momwe amakhalamo.
Manilaov amachitira chichikov sch) ndipo, zikuwoneka kuti palibe mbale zina mnyumbamo. Chakudya cha Manil "chinalowa m'malo" zokambirana zosangalatsa, ndipo sizimayang'ana chakudya chamadzulo.
M'chipinda chamoyo, pali mipando iwiri, yomwe ikufunika kukoka, ndipo mwiniwakeyo wakhala waulesi kwa zaka zambiri kuti alamulire kuchuluka, ngakhale banja lili ndi ndalama zokwanira. Ngwazi sizingapereke zipinda zopanda pake mnyumba kuyambira nthawi yaukwati wake womwe ndipo sangathe kuwerenga buku limodzi kwa zaka ziwiri. Chimodzi mwazinthu zochepa zochepa zaku Manilova ndi zolembedwa pamanja.
Nthawi yomweyo, kwa anthu ambiri ndi serf makamaka, mamba ndi abwino. Ngwazi imapangitsa ndi ulemu pakukambirana ndi kukosa mtima kapena mphunzitsi wa ana ake. Manhafers ndi odalirika amakhala a anthu kuposa amphamvu a ngwazi. Amunawa ankakonda kubwera kwa eni ake ndikuwafunsa kuti akunena zopeza, ndipo atalandira chilolezo kuti chithetsedwe, chotumizidwa kuti chikamwe.
Manilov amakonda alendo ndipo samadandaula zoyamikiridwa kwa omwe amadziwa zatsopano omwe akufuna kukonda. Manilas nthawi zambiri amakoka ngwazi yayikulu, Chichiku, amayamikira maphunziro ndi ulemu wa mlendo. A Surname "Manilov" amapatsidwa ngwazi yogogomezera "kudekha" kwa mawonekedwe a ngwazi, kuyesera "kunyengerera" kwa iwo, kukhala okongola.
"Miyoyo yakufa" Manilov imapatsa chikchiku kwaulere ndipo ngakhale amatulutsa pepala lofunikira pazinthu zanu kuti apange anzanu atsopano. Chichik Somy amayang'ana ku Manilov ngati munthu "shuga" komanso wotopetsa.
Poyerekeza ndi Manilov, Chichikov Mwini amawoneka wosangalatsa komanso woyenera kuwoneka koyamba, koma kwenikweni ndi ntchito yopanda zofooka ndi zinthu.
Mu chifanizo cha Manilov, wolemba amene amajambula chimodzi mwa zisonyezo za nthawi - zoopsa zowopsa, omwe amakhala moyo wopanda kanthu, wokhala ndi moyo wabwino. Poyamba, Manilov ndi munthu wopanda vuto, komabe atha kuwonongeka kwambiri komanso famu yake, komanso anthu onse.
Mosiyana ndi Manilov - nastasya petrovna bokosi, wolemba wosauka wa koleji, wamasiye yemwe amakhala m'nyumba yaying'ono ndipo amakhala ndi kukopa kwamitundu yambiri. Tanthauzo chabe la moyo wa ngwazi ndi nkhawa ya famu yake ndipo kudzikundikira kwa zabwino. Heroine wozungulira anthu amazindikira kuti "Zallets", zomwe mungatulutse ndalama.
Mawu
"Ayi, Pepani, sindingatilolere kuti tikwaniritse mlendo wosangalatsa komanso wophunzira." "O! Luvel Ivanovich, Ndiloleni ndikhale Frank: Ndinkadalitsa theka la boma langa kuti ndikhale ndi gawo la zabwino zomwe muli nazo! .. "" Ndiloleni ndisalole. Mpando uwu ukuperekedwabe kwa mlendoyo: chifukwa chosatero kapena ayi chifukwa, koma ayenera kukhala pansi. " "Mmodzi sakanatha kunena kuti mawonekedwe a manilov anali ndani. Pali mtundu wa anthu omwe amadziwika pansi pa Dzinalo: Anthu AMBUYE AMBUYE AMBUYE, kapena ... kapena ... "Kutchinga
Mu 1960, wotsogolera Leonid Trauberber adachotsa sewero "lakufa" pazinthu zake. Kanemayo anali atakhazikitsidwa pa seweroli losadziwika, loperekedwa ku Mkate mu 1932. Mikhal bulgakov adalemba gawo, kutenga ndakatulo ya Roma ngati maziko. Udindo wa ManiloV mu kanemayu udachitidwa ndi serior yuri Leonidov.
Mu 1984, miyoyo yakufa ya Soviet "yochokera m'magulu asanu. Mtundu wa mndandandawu ndi matenda a satiromen. Mikhal Schweitzer idakhala dinductor, ndipo udindo wa Manilov adachitidwa ndi Actor Yugatyrev. Mkazi wa ku Roz, Lizonku, kusewera Acress Larisa Udovichenko.
Mu 2005, magawo asanu ndi atatu a Pavel kilgen "mlandu wa anthu akufa adatulutsidwa. Zochitikazo zidapangidwa pamaziko a ntchito zingapo za Nikolai Gogol nthawi ina, "Auditor", "akufa", "akufa", "
Ngwazi yayikulu ya mndandanda - Ivan Schiller, Wolembetsa ku koleji, akufufuza mlandu wa chichikov ndipo chifukwa ichi amabwera ku tawuni inayake ya County. Akuluakulu amderalo munjira iliyonse amalepheretsa alendo ku Mr pakufufuza. Pakupita patsogolo, Schiller amakakamizidwa kudutsa pamisonkhano ingapo yachilendo, ndipo ngwazi yomaliza imakhala ku chiskov. Udindo wa Manilov mu mndandanda wake umaseweredwa ndi Apolisi a Foltor.