Chiphunzitso
Tafffi ndi wolemba yemwe amagwira ntchito m'mitundu ingapo. Ntchito zake zinawerengedwa ndipo mfumu ya ku Russia yomaliza, ndi mtsogoleri wa dziko lonse lapansi Proleti. Owerenga amakono aphunzira okha ndi mabwanawe m'makona opangidwa ndi chikondi cha olemekezeka. Nkhani ya wolemba, chilankhulo ndi ngwazi zomwe sizinachitike kwa zaka 100, zodzaza zinsinsi ndi zoopsa.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Nadezhda Lohwitskaya (dzina lenileni ndi dzina la "wotchuka m'chidenga") adabadwira mumzinda uli mu Neva kumapeto kwa 1872. Tsiku lenileni la kubadwa likutsutsana, komanso ndi ana angati m'banja. Zinalembedwa kuti Nadi anali ndi mtsogoleri wina (Lena) ndi akulu atatu (Varyya, Lida ndi Alongo a Lida) ndi m'bale wamkulu (Kolya).
Bambo wa wolemba zam'tsogolo anali katswiri palamulo lachilamulo ndipo anaphatikiza bwino udindo wa loya, yemwe ndi Pulofesa, wokhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 120 pambuyo pa zaka 120 Sobanlyksk kapena Mikhals. Mayi anali ndi mizu ya France. Nadah atakwanitsa zaka 12, Banja la banja linamwalira.
Nadin Studd Conrad (Kondratii) Lohvitsky adalemba ndakatulo zachinsinsi, ndipo mikangano yabanja idanenapo za mphatso yamatsenga, yomwe imafalikira ndi mzere wachimuna, ndipo ngati mayiyo amalipira ndi chisangalalo. Mtsikana wina woyambirira ankakonda mabukuwo ndipo ngakhale anayesa kusintha chikondwerero cha otchulidwa kwa anthu a Tolstoy ndipo adafunsa wolemba kuti asachotse moyo wa Andrei Bolkonsky. Ndakatulo zoyambirira zimabadwira ku Lohwitsy panthawi yophunzitsa ku masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Mtsikanayo sanali wokongola ndipo anali wokwatiwa koyambirira. Ukwati wokhala ndi Vladimir Buchinsky anabweretsa chiyembekezo cha ana aakazi awiri - Leru ndi Lena ndi mwana wamwamuna YaneK, koma mwana wamwamuna "yemwe amamwazi" adapezeka kuti ndi Nalaskova. Kupulumutsa mpaka zaka 28, Lohvitskaya anasiya mwamuna wake. Buchinsky adasiya nadia kuti azilankhulana ndi ana.
Mabuku
Lochitskaya adalekanitsidwa ndi ojambula, mosiyana ndi Anna Karenina, ndipo sanathamangire pansi pa sitimayo, ndipo adabwereranso ku maloto aunyamata a m'magazini ya 1901 "kumpoto" ndikulota maloto owopsa. " Pofika nthawi yofalitsa, ntchito ya mlongoyo wolemba novice, Maria, anali kale wotchuka yemwe anali kugwira ntchito mu pseudonymmmép tatra. Chiyembekezo chimaganizira za dzina loyambirira.Chiyambi cha Pseudnym Fafffi Lohvitskaya-Chamng'ono chofotokozedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mtundu Woyamba - Nadezhda amakumbukira zopusa mosavuta, koma wodziwa bwino kwambiri, yemwe dzina lake Cartaphi, ndi chiwembu choyambirira, naponya dzina lomwe adadziwika. Vuto lachiwiri - pseudomm imabwerekedwa ndi Lochwitz kuchokera pa nkhani yogwira ntchito yosewerera, ndiyoyenera msungwana wa sprawer.
Kuwala kwa matembenuzidwe onsewa, zomwe zinali ndi chiyembekezo chotchuka: wolemba, yemwe adatha kulemba ndakatulo, kupanga ma sewero, kuti atanthauzire nkhani, kuti apangidwe ngati wolemba nkhani zazifupi. Ndipo mafupa adaphatikizidwa.
Ngati Mirra Lokhvitskaya adatsogolera wolemba ndakatulo wa akhmatova ndi Tsvetaeva, ndiye teffi - mtundu watsopano wopangidwa ndi Anton ChekhV. Chikondwerero chowawa:
"Ndakatulo ndi chikondi changa, komanso chinyengo chabodza - cormalita."Mfumu ya ku Russian Hustor Arkady Alechenko Arverchenko adayamika ntchito ya mdaniyo ndikusindikizidwa abodza ndi Jessikoni ". Makamaka wolemba adasindikizidwanso m'Mawu a ku Russia "ndi" zolankhula ". Dzinalo "Tafffi" linali masitessi angwiro komanso ochenjera.
Kuchepetsa chiyembekezo ku TeFi anaphatikiza kukondweretsedwa kwa oyeserera. Mu nkhani za "chigawenga" ndi "Moyo ndi kolala", ngwazi zomwe zimaphunzitsa chidwi cha zinthu. Koma ngati mu nthano ya zaka zisanu zoyamba kumatamandidwa ndikugwa mwamphamvu panjira yokonza, ndiye kuti mu "kolala" yachiwiri "imayamba kupotokola pamaso pa mayi wachinyamata wosankhidwa pamaso pa mtsikana.
Mu ntchito za "chikondi chokondwa", "ziwanda" ndi "katenka" akunyenga ena komanso pamapeto pake. Mu nkhani ya "Chimwemwe", madera ake ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi nthabwala - tsopano ndikuseka misozi, ndipo wogwira ntchitoyo amabwera chifukwa chowombera khomo losungidwa mwangozi.
Lohvitsky sanavomereze kusintha kwa Okutobala. Mchimwene wanga Nicholas anakhala mnzake wa Kolchak, ndi Nadezhda Alexandrovna kudzera ku Odessa ndi Constantinople adasamukira ku Paris. Moyo kudziko lachilendo sunali wokoma, koma mphatso yowoneratu za kuwonekera komanso kukhala ndi cholinga chachikulu cha wolemba kwa wolemba kuti aphedwe ku Bolshevik ndende.
Moyo Wanu
Wolemba anayesetsa kukhalabe ndi chinsinsi ndipo samangolandira mtolankhani pamoyo wawo, ndipo anayankha mafunso onena za ukalamba, womwe umamva kuti wazaka 13. Amadziwika kuti mayiyo anali ndi chidwi ndi chinsinsi ndipo amakonda kwambiri amphaka, makamaka ziweto wotsiriza kuvutika ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Mwa zaka zotukuka, TeFi adayesa kukhazikitsa kulankhula ndi ana achikulire, koma valida wamkulu wokha adapita kukakumana ndi abale awo atatu.
Owerenga omwe agwira ntchito ndi mfumukazi ya nthabwala yolankhula Chirasha, polankhula ndi Tefili adakhumudwitsidwa - fanolo linali ndi munthu woperekera melanchoric. Komabe, wina ku Peru, wolemba anali wabwino komanso wowolowa manja. Wopangidwa ndi Teffi mu likulu lachi French, SALONO YOPHUNZIRA ALI KUSINTHA KWA AZIMO OGULITSIRA
Kuti ndizicheza ndi dona amene ankadziwa mtengo ndipo zidzabalalika kwambiri tsiku ndi tsiku, anakwanitsa mkazi wachiwiri - mwana wa zakale Kaluga wopanga Pavlu Alexandrovich Tikston. Nadezhda aleksandrovna adawona kuti mwamuna wachiwiri ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo matendawo atamuyang'ana Iye, akukhudza mkazi wake. M'zaka zomaliza za moyo, wolemba amasamalira chitetezo chakuthupi amatenga pa Philanthrops S. S. atran.
Imfa
Zowopsa za kuphedwa kwa Tefili, yemwe adapulumuka kale ntchito ya France, ndiye nthawi yosamalira Homes Alexandrovna kuchokera m'moyo. M'zaka za m'ma 4000, Mikhal Zettlin inafalitsa zikumbutso za wolemba. Koma Deffi anamwalira mu 1952, kukhala ndi nthawi yopanga nkhani pa nkhani yokhudza nkhani zodziwika bwino komanso zozungulira za nkhani za nyama.
Choyambitsa kufa chinali kuwukira angina. Manda a Hope Tafffi ali pamasewera a Paris ku Paris ku Untervieme.
M'bali
- 1910 - "Magetsi Zisanu ndi ziwiri"
- 1912 - "Ndipo motero"
- 1913 - "Miniature"
- 1914 - "Utsi wopanda moto"
- 1920 - "Chifukwa chake amakhala"
- 1921 - "Chuma cha Dziko Lapansi"
- 1923 - "Shamran. Nyimbo Zam'mawa "
- 1926 - "M'malo mwa ndale"
- 1931 - "Wosangalatsa Roma"
- 1931 - "zikumbukiro"
- 1936 - "mfiti"
- 1938 - "Kukonda"
- 1946 - "Zonse Zokhudza Chikondi"
- 1952 - "utawaleza wapansi"