Chiphunzitso
Dzinalo la waku America Sukululi Samantha Samantha mu 1980s adamveka kuchokera ku nzika iliyonse ku USSR ndi United States pokhudzana ndi kalata yotchuka ya komiti ya CPUUT ya CPUUT.Kupita kwa mtsikanayo mumzinda wa Soviet Union kudakopa ofalitsa nkhani ndi kuyamba kwa ntchito zake monga momwe amathandizira pazambiri zokhudzana ndi anthu Mphamvu zotsogolera padziko lonse lapansi.
Mu 2016, woyang'anira ku Russia andrei Solbolev adalemba mbiri ya msungwana waku America mufing "Pravda Samantha, Alina Babak ndi Ina Gomez.
Chibwano
Bizinesi ya msungwana waku America Santhanha Reid Smiith Smiith idayamba pa June 29, 1972 m'tawuni yaying'ono ya a GYEon, yomwe ili kumalire a United States ndi Canada. Atakhala mwana yekhayo wa Arthur ndi Jane Smith, ali ndi zaka 5, amazimitsa galamala ndipo anasilira mfumukazi ya Great Britain Elizabeth II.
M'masiku a sukulu, banja la Samantha lidasamukira ku Manchester, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Cobscikti, komwe bambowo, amene kale anali wophunzitsa, adalandira udindo wa mabuku mu Yunivesity yayikulu kwambiri ya Maine. Amayiwo adagwira ntchito yofunikira kwambiri kuntchito ya mzindawu ndi nthawi yake yonse yaulere yomwe idalengeza kuti mwana wamkazi, yemwe adayamba kuphunzira naye masukulu am'deralo mu 1980.
Kukhala msungwana wamba wochokera ku America, Samantha ankakonda masewera ndipo anali membala wa gulu launior pa bolotball ndi hockey pa udzu. Dzuwa lochokera ku chilengedwe, mwana wamkazi wa Smith anali kuti analibe anzawo ndipo analibe abwenzi ndipo munthawi yake yopumira, inasenda piyano ndikuwerenga. Mabukuwa adapanga mawonekedwe a sukulu ndipo adafunsa mafunso ambiri m'mutu mwake, komwe makolo sakanatha kuyankha nthawi zonse.
Zinali choncho zomwe zinachitika kumayambiriro kwa 1980s, ubale pakati pa Ussr ndi United States of America zinali pachiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka ku Afghanistan ndi kutumizidwa kwa zingwe za mapiko awiri ku Europe. Mumlengalenga, magazini ya Time yasindikiza zinthu zambiri zokhudzana ndi mtsogoleri wa New Soviet ndikuyika zithunzi zake pachikuto.
Samani Samantha amayang'ana m'mabukuwa ndipo adadzifunsa ngati mlembi wamkulu wa Ussr akufunadi kuwononga dziko lapansi ndi nkhondo ya nyukiliya. Amayi sakanatha kuganiza za chilichonse poyankha ndipo adalangiza mwana wamkazi kuti alembe kalata yopita ku Yuri Andropov ndikusankha zolinga za wolamulira. Mu Novembala 1982, uthenga wodziwika, wodzaza ndi ubwana ku chitetezo cha anthu padziko lonse lapansi, adatumizidwa ku Kremlin. Limawerengedwa:
"Wokondedwa Mr. Andropov,Dzina langa ndi Samantha Smith. Ndili ndi zaka khumi. Tikuthokoza pa ntchito yanu yatsopano. Ndili ndi nkhawa kwambiri, ngakhale nkhondo yanyukiliya iyamba kuchitika pakati pa Russia ndi United States. Kodi muvotera chiyambi cha nkhondo kapena ayi? Ngati mukulimbana ndi nkhondo, ndiuzeni, chonde, muthandiza bwanji kupewa nkhondo? Zachidziwikire, simukakamizidwa kuyankha funso langa, koma ndikufuna kudziwa chifukwa chake mukufuna kugonjetsa dziko lonse lapansi kapena dziko lathu. Mulungu adalenga dziko lapansi kuti tizikhala limodzi ndi kuzisamalira, ndipo sizinamugonjetse. Chonde tiyeni tichite momwe akufunira, ndipo aliyense adzakhala osangalala. "
Kalatayo idafika kwa owonjezera ndipo mu kasupe wa 1983 zidasindikizidwa m'mabuku akuti "Zowona"
Mtsogoleri wa Soviet anayesa kufotokozera za Sammant ya Ussamr zida za nyukiliya ndikulumbira, zomwe sizikugwiritsa ntchito yoyamba ku America kapena dziko lililonse.
"Tikufuna dziko - tili ndi chochita: kukulitsa mkate, kupanga ndi kupanga, kulemba mabuku ndikuwuluka m'mlengalenga. Tikufuna mtendere kwa inu nokha komanso kwa anthu onse a dziko lapansi. Kwa inu ana anu ndi inu, Samantha, "analemba kumapeto kwa kalatayo.Kuphatikiza apo, mlembi wamkulu wa Komiti yapakati ya CPU ya CPU ya Smith adapempha banja la Smith kukacheza ndi anthu a Soviet m'chilimwe cha boma la 1983 ndipo pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti zolinga za boma ndi zilakalaka za mayiko ena .
Ulendo wopita ku USSR
Njira zaulendo wa Samantha m'mizinda ya Soviet Union idayamba kukonzekera banja lina lovomerezeka la American Schoolgirl. Ku Moscow, nthumwi zochepa zinafika pa Julayi 7, 1983. Mtsikanayo yemwe adalandira kazembe wachinyamata wokomera mtima, adakumana ndi anthu ambiri omwe akuda nkhawa ndi kuthetsa malire kwa nkhondo yozizira komanso kumaliza kwa zida zankhondo za nyukiliya.Poyamba, Samantha anafufuza za likulu, zomwe zinaphatikizapo Kremlin, manda a msilikari wosadziwika, mayi ku Lenin ndi maholo a Socien Wapamwamba wa Usvien wa USGR. Ndimadziwana ndi mbiri ya anthu a Soviet, mtsikanayo adalemekeza kukumbukira kwa cosmonteuti yoyambirira yuri gagarin, kenako ndikupita kukacheza kundende yonse ".
Anawo adalandira chikho chomwe chimalemekeza mlendo yemwe amalemekeza ulemu kuvutika ndi upainiya, komanso nthawi yolumikizana amawonetsa malo osangalatsa a gombe lakunja la Nyanja Yakuda. Mayi Samantha adapeza abwenzi atsopano omwe a Leinsad Nasad Kashirina ndi atsikana ena ochokera m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya Soviet Union.
Pamapeto paulendo wa sabata ziwiri kupita ku USTR, banja la Smith lidakumana ndi zikuluzikulu zakumpoto ndipo kuchokera ku diaries of Tanya Peviceheva adazindikira za nthawi ya mzinda mu 1941-1944. Cholowa cha anthu aku Russia, chomwe chimaperekedwa pamasewera otengera nthano za apainiya ndi nyumba zachifumu komanso balalle, sizinasiyidwe.
Samantha sanakwanitse kukumana ndi mlembi wamkulu wa Komiti yayikulu ya CPU yurin, koma adakumana ndi ngwazi ya Soviet Union - Mkazi wa Cosmonteatia Valentina.
Asanachoke kunyumba, msungwana waku America adalandira mphatso zambiri zosaiwalika. Sukulu yodziwika bwino inali kuyembekezera mwana wakhanda wokhala ndi dzanja lake ku chikhulupiriro ndi chidwi cholimbikitsa:
"Adzakhala" moyo ".Ntchito zachitukuko
America adakumana ndi Samantha ngati heroine wadziko. Ku States Airport Maine Kazembe wanzeru, kapeti wofiyira, a limounine ndi gulu la mafani odzipereka ndi maluwa amayembekezeredwa. Pamaso pa Diso, mtsikanayo adakhala otchuka adayitanidwa ndi nkhani yotchuka ya TV "ndi" Charles pampando ", Samantha McGovern Ofuna Kusankha Jesse Jackson.
Kumapeto kwa 1983, ndi Smith banja anapita Ana Mayiko yosiyirana mumzinda Japanese wa Kobe ndi analipo pa msonkhano ndi nduna yaikulu ya Yasuhiro Ekasanoe.
Kulankhula pamaso pa omvera, Samantha kudawafotokozera zaulendo wakale ndipo adapereka atsogoleri a maulamuliro anyukiliya kamodzi pachaka kusinthira adzukulu. Wamtsikanayo adanena kuti zimalimbitsa chitetezo chadziko lapansi ndipo chingathandizire kukhazikitsa maboma ndi anthu a kuboma omwe anali ndi zida zakupha.
Izi ndi malingaliro asukulu asukulu omwe afotokozedwa m'buku la "ulendo waku Soviet Union" adamasuliridwa m'zilankhulo zambiri za dziko lapansi. Ntchito za Samantha pambuyo pake zimalimbikitsa achinyamata ambiri kupanga zokambirana zapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo adapereka msonkhano wa Purezidenti Ronald Reagan ndi Soliet Gonava.
Imfa
Moyo wa Samantha Smith anali wamfupi kwambiri chifukwa cha kukonzekera kwakutali kwambiri kukhazikitsa mtendere padziko lonse lapansi. Pa Ogasiti 2588, mtsikanayo adamwalira ku ngozi ya ndege yaku America Adchraff 99, ndikugunda mitengo ikafika ku Aubur-Lewiston Airport.Zomwe zimayambitsa kazembeyo wachichepere wa zabwino zonse sizikhalabe chinsinsi, koma, poganiza za ofufuza ena akunja, kugwa komwe kumayenderana ndi maboma a Soviet ndi America.
Komabe, ambiri olemba mbiri amatsatira mtundu wovomerezeka wa imfa ya Samantha ndi kutsagana ndi abambo ake, momwemonso woyendetsa ndegeyo sanapirire ndi kasamalidwe kawobouluka.
Dzikoli limakumbukiranso kumwetulira kwa msungwana wolimba mtima komanso wa Frank yemwe anagonjetsa mamiliyoni ambiri osati mitima yosagwirizana. Opitilira 1,000 aku America omwe amalira ngwazi yaying'ono, omwe anali ndi chizindikiro cha chitetezo padziko lonse lapansi ndikutsimikiza mtima pakati pa maboma a Usr ndi United States, adapita kumaliro.
Kukumbuka
- Mu 1985, pa nkhani ya amayi a amayi a waku America waku America, maziko a Samantha, omwe anali atachitapo kanthu pokonzekera maulendo ochokera kumayiko ena pakati pa Soviet Union ndi United States.
- Patatha zaka ziwiri, likulu la zokambirana za ana kwa ana zinalengedwa ku Moscow, mpaka pano ntchito ya mabungwe a achinyamata ndi maofesi oyimilira ku Russia.
- Pamalo a Imfa Yakusukulu yaku America mu 1986, chipilala chidakhazikitsidwa ndi ntchito ya Glenn Heinza, omwe ndi chithunzi chokwanira cha Samantha, omwe adapanga chizindikiro cha dziko lapansi - Nkhunda, ndi dzina lake Zithunzi zothandizira pa chovuta kwambiri zinakhala cholowa m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ya Russia.