Chiphunzitso
Mbiri yakale ya Slavic Eastern Slanner ndi Wasayansi Francis Skorne amagwirizanitsidwa ndi luso, mankhwala, malingaliro ndi zinenedwe. Chimodzi mwa oimira chachikulu cha chipolopolo cha XV - chiyambi cha XVI zaka zambiri zomwe zatsala m'thupi la Bayibulo lotchulidwa ku Slavoniran Clavonic chilankhulo cha tchalitchi. Pakadali pano, umunthu wa munthu wa nthawi yapitayo umalemekezedwa ndi anthu ambiri achi Slavic. Dzina lake limatchedwa mayunivesite ndi misewu, komanso dongosolo komanso mendulo yoperekedwa kwa zoyenera m'munda wa sayansi, zaluso ndi zochitika.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Francis Lukich Sk exrigin adabadwa mozungulira 1470 mumzinda wa Pottankk, omwe kale anali m'malire a Grand Larth Atsogoleri a Grand Lithuania.
Kutchula kwa makolo omwe a Lukian ndi Margarita amasungidwa m'buku la madandaulo a kagiyar IV ya ndulu ya ndulu ya rublesks 42. Ndipo ngakhale kuti ntchitoyi ndi momwe amayi a abambo ndi amayi sanadziwire, asayansi adapempha kuti akhale ndi ndalama zokwanira kuphunzitsa Mwana mu sukulu ya a Bonliar.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1500s, mnyamatayo, yemwe amanyoza dipuloma ndi Latin, adalowa kafukufuku wapamwamba kwambiri ku Krakow. Ataphunzira zaluso 7 zaulere, zomwe zinali zanzeru, pomwe, mankhwala ndi zamulungu, Francis adalandira digiri ya Bachelor, kenako ndikuyikapo pempho la digiri ya Itaa.
Kudziwa macheza ndi ma rhetotoni kunathandiza Exrne kutsimikizira asayansi a asitikali osauka kuti amve mwana wam'tali. Pa Novembala 9, 1512 Asanakhale ndi ulemu omvera okwezeka, iye ndi ulemu pa mayeso atatu ndipo anakhala dokotala wa sayansi yamankhwala.
Ndipo ngakhale Francis sanaphunzirepo pamalo ophunzitsira a ku Venetian Republic, mkati mwa zaka za zana la 20, chithunzi chake cha ntchito ya ojambula wamba adawonekera pamakina ophunzirira.
Pambuyo pake, chidziwitso chamankhwala cha Esrigin adagwira ntchito yopatuka kwa Mfumu ya ku Poland sigistendan yemwe ndidaphunzira ku Italy mu ma iTignal wazaka 1520s, ndipo kanthawi pang'ono m'ndende ya bishonia ku Withuanian ku Wilna.
Mabuku
Zidachitika ndi zomwe zidachitika m'tsogolo mwa exrne mu 1512-1517, ndikukhalabe chinsinsi, koma pofika nthawi yomwe izi, adasiyapo mankhwala ndipo adayamba kukonda kwambiri mankhwala.
Kukhazikika ku Prague, Francis adakonza zojambulajambula ndikuyamba kusamutsa mabuku kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha tchalitchi kupita ku East Slavic. Popeza ndayesatemi yamisalmologies ku Masalimo, yomwe idaganiziridwa koyamba ndi Pulariurian, National Potsk adawonetsa mbadwa za mabuku 23 a Mabuku Omasulira Baibulo ndipo adapereka gawo lalikulu ku chikhalidwe cha padziko lapansi.
Ofufuzawo adakangana kwa nthawi yayitali yokhudza zofalitsa zipembedzo za exorne, chifukwa tchalitchi cha Scivice Scivice chinasungidwa mwa iwo ndi mawu ndi mawu a Staples. Zotsatira zake, adazindikira kuti mabuku a chosindikizira anali gulu lazosintha zakale, lopepuka, losinthidwa ndikusintha zenizeni.
Ntchito zomwe zimachokera m'makina a Skorne zinali zopambana za nthawiyo. Zowonjezera pamawu otseguka ndi ndemanga, iwo adapeza chikhalidwe chadziko ndikupanga Lemba loyera kwa owerenga gawo lililonse. Kuphatikiza apo, chosindikizira chinayambitsa kufunika kwa maphunziro, chomwe chisanachitike zisanachitike m'mabuku a akatswiri a akatswiri a akatswiri azaka zapitazo.
Pakuti kapangidwe ka mabuku, kuperewera pasanachitike zolemba, a Monogram ndi zinthu zina zodzikongoletsera. Zotsatira zake, mabuku oyambirirawo sanangokhala zitsulo zokha, komanso ntchito zaluso.
Kumayambiriro kwa 1520s, zinthu ku Praguri inakhala zabwino, ndipo Francis adasiyira nyumba yosindikiza ndikubwerera kudziko lakwawo. Kubwezeretsa Kupanga ku Belarus, adatulutsa nkhani za nkhani zachipembedzo ndi zakuthupi za kuwerenga maphunziro, otchedwa "buku laling'ono la moni". Mu buku ili, chosindikizira chimapanga wolemba komanso wophunzitsa yemwe adapeza omvera omwe ali ndi malingaliro ofunikira kwambiri amtendere komanso batara ya chilengedwe, maholide, zinthu zina zokopa chidwi.
Chapakatikati pa 1525 pamakina omwe ali mu Wilna Compoppoop, skorgin adatulutsa chilengedwe chomaliza cha mtumwiyu, kenako adapita ku Europe.
Ofufuzawo sanatsimikize kuti njira yomwe yatengedwa ndipo siyingalembe mfundo zosangalatsa komanso zochitika zazikulu. Makamaka, palibe lingaliro lodalirika paulendo wopita ku Germany ndi misonkhano ndi woyambitsa Chipulotesitanti Marn Luther, zolinga za utumwi wophunzitsira ku Moscow zimatsutsana.
Amadziwika kuti kuchokera kumayiko awa a ku East Ruvic kutetezedwa chifukwa cha malingaliro owoneka bwino, ndipo ntchito zake zofalitsidwa pa njira za Akatolika zowotchedwa.
Pambuyo pake, Skorin sanali pafupifupi kuchita zojambulajambula ndikugwira ntchito ku Prague ku Khothi la King Ferdinand ndimalira mlimi kapena dokotala.
Malingaliro ndi chipembedzo
M'mawu oyamba ndi ndemanga kwa mabuku achipembedzo, Sporgingin adadziyang'ana ngati wafilosofi amene adatsatira maphunziro a asayansi aku Western Asia. Ankafanana ndi mapangidwe a anthu ndikuyitanitsa kuti madipuloma ndi maluso a zilembo.
Monga wotsogolera dziko la Lithuania, Francis adakonda moona mtima kwawo ndipo amakhulupirira kuti malingaliro ake anali okakamizidwa kugawana nawo munthu aliyense. Zolemba za m'Baibulo zidathandizira kufalikira kwa malingaliro osindikizidwa, kusamalira maphunziro a umunthu, gulu la anthu komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa moyo wamtendere padziko lapansi.
Palibe kuwonetsa mwachindunji chachipembedzo komanso chipembedzo cha m'mudzi wa Pottank. Zosungidwazo zasunga pepalalo, malinga ndi zipembedzo zilizonse zomwe zilipo, zidatchedwa mobwerezabwereza Czech ampasa wachira komanso wowonekera.
Kusangalala ndi ntchito zolembedwa m'ma Canons Catoni, Skrorin akhoza kukhala otsatira a mpingo wachikristu wa ku Western Europe, yemwe amadziona ngati chonyamulira cha chowonadi padziko lapansi.
M'malo mwake, matembenuzidwe a "m'mumbo a Tsar Solomon" ndi "nyimbo", zomwe zidatsutsidwa ndikuwotchedwa ndi ansembe orthodox mkati mwa 1530s.
Kuphatikiza apo, wachibale wa owongolera John Chan Cyy chn cyry chrycans, anali Akatolika achangu komanso Akatolika komanso arbishop arbishop. Izi zimapereka ufulu kuganiza kuti ana onse a mtundu wa Sporgin adabwera mchikhulupiriro chimodzi ndikubatiza pa Rite Pomalifs.
Komabe, pali lingaliro kuti Francis kwathunthu amatha kuvomereza ku Orthodoxy. Izi zikunenedwa za bukuli la 15225, momwe mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a chiphunzitso cha Chikhristu adawonetsera: oyera a a East Boris Barus, Masalimo ndi ena, komanso Masalimo Oyera Kwambiri a Slavic-Russia Lemba.
Kuphatikiza apo, asayansi ataona kuti mayeso ku Padua Esrina adalandira dipuloma m'nyumba ya yunivesite, osati m'Kachisi, monga omaliza ena Akatolika.
Chachitatu komanso chomwe chingachitike chipembedzo china chomwe Chikhulupiriro cha Skerne chimawonedwa kuti ndi Chipulotesitanti. Pokomera izi, maubale omwe ali ndi okonzanso ndi oyambitsa a Chilutera, komanso ntchito ya Königsberg Derbrecht Branberburg Branburg, akufotokozedwanso.
Moyo Wanu
Zolemba zakale zilibe mapepala okhudzana ndi moyo wanu komanso banja la Francis Slorne. Kuyambira pa Chidule Mwachidziwikire kuti mkati mwa 1520s, mkazi wa Enner adasandulika wamasiye wotchedwa Margarita.
Kuphatikiza apo, chidziwitso chophatikizidwa m'manja mwa diagrapal, chokhudza Mchimwene Mkulu Ivan Sporne, omwe adasiya ngongole zosindikizidwa pambuyo pa imfa.
Izi zidachitika mu 1529, Francis atamwalira mkazi wake ndikumubweretsa mwana wamwamuna wa Simiyoni yekha. Zotsatira zake zinali zoopsa, chifukwa bamboyo ndi bambo wopanda pake pamalamulo a wolamulira wa Lithuania adayikidwa m'ndende ndi nkhawa za mwana wa mchimwene wa Roma adakwanitsa kukwaniritsa, ufulu ndi kukhulupirika kwathunthu.
Imfa
Monga zonena zambiri kuchokera m'moyo wa Francis Skirna, tsiku lenileni ndi chifukwa cha imfa sidziwike.
Asayansi amati izi zinachitika ku Prague pafupifupi 1551, chifukwa panthawiyi inali mbadwa ya chosindikizira choyambirira mumzinda uno kuti alowe mu ufulu wa chuma cha makolo.
Pokumbukira zokolola za Lekivar, mafilope, afilosofi ndi kuwunikira mu likulu la Berulas, misewu ya cell yankovsky ndikutulutsa ndalama mwaulemu wa 1 Ruble.
Kukumbuka
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pambuyo pa Francis exoshkovichi
- Central Avenue Wotchedwa Francis Skorne ku Pottotsk
- Thirakiti yotchedwa Francis Skorina mu minsk
- Planeti yaying'ono №3283 "Francis Slina"
- Tsitsani kanema "I, Francis Cromon ..."
- Zipilala Francis Exrne ku Pottotsk, minsk, Lida, Kaliningrad, Prague
- Coin Ussr Sristinal 1 Ruble Kulemekeza Zakutha Kwa 500th ya Francis Skorne
- Gomel State University wotchedwa Francis Skorne