Mbiri Yodziwika
Zithunzi ndi zaluso zaluso ndizokhudzana kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa anthu ndi ndale m'maiko awo. Kupanga kwa olemba ku Russia m'zaka za m'ma 1900 kudathana ndi vuto lomwe likubwera ku Caucasus. Nkhondoyi, yomwe idatenga dera ili kuyambira 1817 mpaka 1864, sanapatse dziko kuti achiritse mavuto ambiri. Dera lokopeka ndi olemba ndi zojambula ndi zojambula zawo, ndi anthu wamba omwe ali ndi malingaliro ake komanso NRAVAMI idawoneka kuti ikuletsedwa komanso ufulu. Mkango Nikolayyevich Tolstoy adalemba nkhani "Caucasian Ogfent", ouziridwa ndi zochitika ku Caucasus.Mbiri Yolengedwa
Nkhaniyi ya Tolstoy idanyamuka pamzere umodzi ndi mabuku "Anna Karnina" ndi "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere", zomwe zidalandiridwa padziko lapansi. Mu 1870s, wolembayo anakananso mphamvu zake ndipo anayamba kugwira ntchito yokhudza chitukuko chosagwiritsa ntchito chizolowezi. Ankakhala pamalamulo omwe adadzipangira yekha ndikugwira ntchito molingana ndi zosintha zamakono. Zosavuta m'moyo ndi ntchito zakhala chitsogozo chachikulu.
Tolstoy analemba mabuku awiri: "Abc" ndi "zilembo zatsopano". Kusiyana kwakukulu kuyambira ntchito zoyambirira kunali kumvetsetsa kwa chilankhulo komanso kupezeka kwa aliyense amene adatenga bukuli. Chifukwa chake wolemba anadza malingaliro ake kwa anthu osavuta. Nkhani "Caucasian Ogrian" adalowa buku loyamba. Ntchitoyi imakhazikitsidwa pazinthu za Tolstoy, yemwe adatsala pang'ono kugwidwa ndi anthu aku Caucasian mu 1853.
Nkhaniyi inafalitsa magazini ya "Zaryya" mu 1872. Wolembayo adaganizira nkhaniyi mwa ntchito yapadziko lonse lapansi, anthu otsika mtengo.
"Mkaidi wa Caucasus"
Ofisala wa zhilin zhilin, wotsutsa wa ntchito, amagwira ntchito ngati asitikali omwe amakhudzidwa ndi ufumu wa ku Caucasus kupita ku ufumu wa Russia. Iye ndi nkhope ya banja losavuta lomwe limakwaniritsa chilichonse pamoyo wake. Ichi ndi mawonekedwe ndikukopa chithandizo cha owerenga. Kugwidwa ndi kumapiri, bambo amaonetsa kusungunulira ndi kukana Mzimu. Akukonzekera kuthawa. Kuumitsa kwa munthu wokhala ndi mwayi kumadzetsa ulemu ngakhale kwa ogwidwa.
Zhilini akukhala Mbuye wa manja onse. Adzapanga chidole champhamvu kwambiri, chokanidwa. Zimakhalabe molimba mtima ndipo sizichititsa manyazi. Maluso ake adathandiza ngwazi kuti ikhale mu ukapolo: Dina adavala chakudya, ndipo chatata sichinalange. Atalandira chilolezo cholemba kalata yofunsira chiwombolo, Zilin nthawi yomweyo akuti sapempha ndalama 3,000 zokha.
Ngwaziyo imamangidwa limodzi ndi msirikali wina waku Russia - kostlina. Wotsirizayo amayamikiranso moyo wake wapamwamba kwambiri ndipo wakonzeka kufunsa ndalama zina 500 kuchokera kwa abale, kuti atuluke. Samachita kalikonse kochokera ku ukapolo, amangodandaula za tsoka. Pomwe phirili likukumba tsogolo la kuthawa, Kostlin imalira poyembekezera chiwombolo.
Kuthawa kwa akaidi kunalephera chifukwa cha kostlin. Chitata chojambulidwa ngwazi pomwe ufulu udali pafupi kwambiri. Akuluakuluwo adabwera kudzamangidwa ndikuganiziranso za mapulani. M'malo mwake, adayikidwa mu dzenje lakuya. Glina anathandizira kuthana ndi wachinyamata wina, ndikukumbukira bwenzi labwino. Ngwaziyo idapulumutsidwa ndi ma cossacks, ndipo adapitilizabe kutumikira. Kastylin adasunga zikomo ku chiwombolo.
Kufanizira mawonekedwe a phiri ndi nduna
Lingaliro lalikulu la malonda a Tolstoy ndikuti sikofunikira kugwera mu mzimu ndi kudzipereka, ndikukumana ndi zovuta. Kuthana ndi mavuto kumafunikira chikhulupiriro chokha komanso chikhumbo chachikulu. Lingaliro ili limatha kufalitsa zochitika zilizonse.
Kuganizira ngati ngwazi zina zimayenera kupulumutsidwa, ndizomveka kuganiza kuti kuwomboledwa kwa kosylin, ndi mwayi waukulu, ungakhale mfulu. Koma kulimba mtima ndi mphamvu ya Rushi zidatsimikizira kuti zosiyana. Samafunsa kuti agonjere, samapemphera kuti achitireni chifundo, koma amachitapo kanthu pamakhalidwe. Kuyandikira kwa anthu, ulemu ndi ulemu, ulemu komanso kuphweka kumathandiza nyumba kukhalabe ndi moyo m'mavuto.
Akaidi onse awiriwa anali atakhala mu khola, ndikukhomedwa m'matumba, koma zhilin ankakondedwa ndi anthu wamba. Masteri komanso obadwa, adapeza chilankhulo chimodzi ndi mwana wamkazi wa Abdul Murat. Mwamunayo anachita zoseweretsa za dene. Pakuyenda, anaukira njira yopulumukira, ndi usiku wa wolanda. Mwanawankhosa ndi makeke, wolemekezeka Dina, adamuthandiza ndi kudumphadumpha kuti akhale ndi moyo.
Zhilin ndi Kostlin munthawi yonseyi amatsutsana wina ndi mnzake. Amuna ali pamalo omwewo, kumenyera nkhondo ya Caucasus ndi Russia. Anagwidwa panjira yakunyumba, ndipo Zhilini anali akuyendetsa kuti awone mayi payekha. Chitata chimayipitsa anthu aku Russia ndipo adawagwira. Zembly zhill nthawi zonse idakhala m'malo ovuta chifukwa cha manthard komanso osasangalala. Mnyamata wopanda pake adapeza njira kwa Asilamu, sanapereke dipo ndikuyika anthu akummawa. Kastylin amawopa moyo ndipo anachita zonse zomwe adalamulidwa.
Zolemba za akaidi ndizosiyana, kotero mikhalidwe ya zithunzi zawo imawonetsa kusiyana kwa mikhalidwe, maluso ndi maluso. Zilini anali wolimbikira, amakhulupirira mwamphamvu kuti zinthu ziwayende bwino, sanadandaule kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna, adayesetsa kuchita zomwe adamtenga. Kastylin anatchingidwa, adachitapo kanthu, podziwa kuti amuthandiza kuchitira chifundo.
Kostlin sanapirire kupirira. Zovala zake zidapangitsa kuti zidziwike za iwo okha pakuwombera koyamba. Anali mtolo wa Zilina. Kuthawa kwachiwiri kwakhala mayeso osakhwima kwa iye, ndipo Kostlin amakonda, kudikira manja, kudikirira komaliza.
Tolstoy wotchedwa nkhaniyo "Caucasian Ogrian", akuganizira ngwazi imodzi, ngakhale inali pafupi ndi alendo awiri. Kwa wolemba ndi owerenga, munthu m'modzi anali ngwazi yeniyeni ya nkhani. Kostrove Kosylin anali wachisoni womwe adaletsedwa panjira ya Zilina, yemwe anali wofanana ndi tsogolo lake. Mayina a ngwazi amafotokoza molondola otchulidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo. Zhillin ndi Kosylin ndi nthumwi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya umunthu, kotero malo awo amasiyana.
Kutchinga
Nkhani ya Lev NikolayEvich Tolstor yoyamba idadzazidwa ndi wotsogolera George Kalatozashvili mu 1975. Mu chifanizo cha Zilina, wochita serinaroyu wafika pa filimuyi.
Filimu yachiwiri idafotokozedwa mu 1996. Zimakhazikitsidwa pa zotupa za ntchitoyi, koma zomwezo zimasamutsidwa ku zinthu zamakono. Sergey Berrov-SR. Anafotokoza za momwe nkhaniyo idaganizira kuti lingaliro lake ndi lofunikira mosasamala kanthu za momwe zinthu ziliri. Udindo wa Zilina udachita sergey Bodrov-JR ..