Tari
Labarin Dorothy, da mummunan, woodly woodcutter da matsoraci zaki, wanda ya tafi ƙasar tabkin don aiwatar da sha'awar da suke so, an san yara da iyayensu a duniya. Amma rafin su tuna cewa Emerald City "gina" Lymen Frank Baum. Riban littafi mai shekaru 24 ya tara littattafan 14 game da kasar Oz, 41 yana aiki ne game da sauran haruffa, labaru 83, fiye da na 42 yanayin na wasan kwaikwayo.Yaro da matasa
"Uba" na Oz da aka haife shi a ranar 15 ga Mayu, 1856 a ƙauyen Chittenango, a New York. Shine 'ya'yan Cynttatus na Ann (a cikin Stanton Stanton) da Biljamin Ward Bauma, masu bautarwa. Biyar magada guda biyar ne kawai suka rayu a wajen Iiyayi.
Frank bum ros mai raɗaɗi ne, rampant yaro. Mafi kyawun shekaru da ya yi a cikin ƙasa na Rose Lawn a ƙauyen Matsidale, New York, kewaye da 'yan'uwa maza da mata, suna fahimtar ainihin kimiyyar ta amfani da Governess ta amfani da Governess ta amfani da Governess ta amfani da Governess.
A cikin 1868, iyaye suka aiko da ɗan zuwa makarantar makarantar sakandare. Ba zai iya kawar da mummunar ba, saboda alama ga malamai, ya juya a cikin gajimare. Latsa daga manya da aka tsokani psychhythtardia, kuma bayan shekaru 2, saurayin ya dawo gida.
Frank bumum aka kamu da rubutu tare da ƙaramin ɗan'uwan Henry Bahum. Sun saki Rose Lawn gida Journal Journal, wanda ya ƙunshi ba wai kawai labaransu ba ne, har ma da tallan kamfanoni. Yana da shekara 15, Frank Baum da muhimmanci ya kwashe gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Tare da wannan nau'in fasaha, farkon matakin rayuwarsa ana danganta shi.
Rayuwar sirri
A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 1882, matar Lyman Frank Bauma ta zama mod Gage - 'Yar Matilda Joonery na karni na XIX. Sun haifi 'ya'ya huɗu, Robert, Harry Neal, Kennet, da Frank Joslin. A hotunan da suka zo wannan rana, ana iya ganin cewa yara maza suna da kwafin mahaifinsu.Ba za a iya ɗaukar Bauma da rayuwar sirri ta sirri akan samfurin. Aawa bai taɓa rabuwa ba, idan sun nemi yanayi - sun motsa tare da alamun rabo kuma sun yi farin ciki da nasarorin.
Littattafai
Kafin mu zama marubuci, frank bawai ya gwada kansa a matsayin dan wasan wasa da dan wasan kwaikwayo, ka gyara mujallu na Hamburg irin, gudanar da shagon baum adum. A ƙarshen ƙonawa, saboda ya rarraba kaya "akan kuɗi", sannan ku manta masu siyar da basusayen.
A cikin 1897, Frank Baum ta buga sigar sa na labarun game da Goose mahaifiyar Goose - sanannen halaye na Faransanci da na Amurka-Ingilishi. Tarin yana jiran nasarar da ya yarda marubucin ya daina aiki a Baum bazaar da cikakken mai da hankali ga wallafe-wallafen. Bayan kamuwa da igiyar ruwa, Frank bawaium ya rubuta "Baba Goose: littafinsa" (1899).
Labarin farko game da ƙasar Oz "mai ban mamaki mai ban mamaki daga OZ" (1900) na ɗaukar littafin yara biyu. Bayan ya sami kayan tsaro na zinare, Frank bafe bai sake shi ba har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakin rayuwa. Wanda aka kirkira daga jerin sa game da ƙasar Oz ya ƙunshi littattafai 14. Fata a cikin baumi baum baili (1919) da "Rage na oz" (1920) ya fito bayan mutuwarsa.
Frank Baum mai fara wahayi zuwa rubuta labarai game da kasar Oz a cikin tatsuniyoyi na Brothersan Unima da Hans Kirista Andersen. Ya "Amurkawa" da kuma sabunta ayyukan abokan aiki, cire haruffan da aka cire su daga gare su (alal misali, dwarfs da yanayin yanayin. Saboda haka, Lymani Frank Bauma galibi ana kiranta "wanda ya kashe littattafan yara."
Romance wani bangare ne wanda aka rasa shi da gangan a cikin labarunsa game da Oz. Ya yi imanin cewa yara, masu karatu na asali, ba zasu iya fahimtar ƙauna ba, to, zai zama abin kula da shi. Koyaya, da gaske ba tare da waƙoƙi ba, marubucin bai ci nasara ba. Ana tabbatar da ingantaccen allurai na soyayya a shafukan litattafan littattafai "mai ban mamaki ne daga OZ", "matattakalin sihiri daga OZ" (1914) kuma "tsoro daga OZ" (1915).
Labarun game da mazauna da baƙi na Emerald City an rubuta wa yara, amma manya sun sami abinci don tunani. Misali bawaium, alal misali, an yi shi ne saboda kare 'yan mata na zabe na zabe. Sadarwa tare da Souffübere da ya yi wahayi zuwa littafin "abubuwan al'ajabi na oz" (1904), a cikin abin da yake gabatarwa game da tashin hankalin rabin jihar. Lokacin da aka tambaya kai tsaye kai tsaye idan akwai wani yanki na siyasa a cikin littattafan sa, ya amsa:
"Littattafai na an rubuta shi don kamar yara."Labarun game da Emerald City an saka shi a cikin mawuyacin wasanni da vesicles allo. Don haka, don 293 dare na 1903 da kuma 2603 da dare na 1904, da aka nuna Macijin OZ "a Broadway. Yanayin a gare shi ya rubuta free Frank Baum da kansa. Tsarin matakin ya bambanta daga littafin, tunda yana mai da hankali ga manya.
Mafi shahararren alamu tatsuniyoyi game da Emerald City shine "maye na oz" (1939) tare da Judy Garra a rawar Dorothy. Ta cinye mutum biyu "Oscar". A cikin duka akwai fina-finai sama da 10, gami da Hollywood "oz: mai girma da muni" (2013) tare da James Franco azaman maye.
Baya ga labaran game da Oz, a cikin littafi na littafi, Lymani Frank Bauma ya hada da fiye da littattafai game da sauran haruffa. Misali, "Life da Kasadar Santa Claus" (1902) kan yadda Sabuwar Shekara alama ta bayyana a Amurka. A cikin wannan labarin, gandun daji na katse an ambaci a karo na farko. Game da mazaunansa da abubuwan al'ajabi a cikin wani baum sau shida.
Mutuwa
Dalilin mutuwar Lyameman Frank Ba Storke ya canza ne a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1919. Bayansa kuma, marubucin ya fada cikin wani, amma a takaice ya zo ga kansa ya juya da maganganun matarsa."Yanzu za mu iya shawo kan yashis na Wing," Ga ambaton mutuwarsa.Ya yi magana game da hamada mai mutu wanda ke kewaye da ƙasar Oz.
A ranar 6 ga Mayu, 1919, Baila bai yi ba. An binne shi a gandun daji na Memory Memweal na makabarta a Glendel, California. A cikin 1953, an mayar da gage na kusa da marubucin. Yin hukunci ta hanyar hotunan, kabarinsu ya rage wani mai sauƙin kabari wanda ke nuna suna da shekaru na rayuwa.
Faɗa
- "A cikin duniyarmu babu wani abu da ya fi kyau fiye da fuskar yarinyar."
- "Mafi hankali ba ya faruwa kwata-kwata! Kowa yasan wani abu, wanda wasu ba su sani ba; Ana rarraba ilimi a cikin dukkan rayuwa a duniya, kuma babu wanda ke da hakkin la'akari da kansu mafi wayo. "
- "Mafi munin abu a cikin rayuwar duniya shine zama ba tare da zuciya ba."
- "Dalilin da ya sa mafi yawan mutane ba su da kyau shine cewa ba su ma yi ƙoƙarin yin nagarta."
- "Yara shine lokacin da mutum ya yi farin ciki da kowa."
Littafi daya
- 1900 - "Mai ban mamaki Wizard daga OZ"
- 1904 - "Kasa mai ban mamaki oz"
- 1907 - "ozda daga oz"
- 1908 - "Dorothy da Wizard a cikin OZ"
- 1909 - "Yi tafiya zuwa OZ"
- 1910 - "Emerald birnin oz"
- 1913 - "Tarihin Wizard game da OZ"
- 1913 - "Loskugka daga OZ"
- 1914 - "alama-yanzu daga oz"
- 1915 - "tsoro daga Oz"
- 1916 - "Ricitink a cikin OZ"
- 1917 - "Maɗaukaki Oz"
- 1918 - "wato baka daga Oz"
- 1919 - "Sihiri na Oz"
- 1920 - "Glond daga Oz"