Tari
Hannibal shine kwamandan Cargerbynsky na Tarihi da na tsufa. Masana tarihi da ake kira manufofin masana'antu mafi girma, waye da dabara ke yi a matsayin manyan shugabannin soja na Rome. Bai san kawai mu yi nasara ba, har ma da rasa tare da mutuncin. A yau, sunan Carthageanin an sanya shi a jere ɗaya tare da Alexander Makedonian, Julia Kaisar da sauran alfarwayen almara na tsufa.Yaro da matasa
Kwamandan da aka haife shi a cikin 247 BC. Ns. a cikin Carthage. Mahaifin Yaron ya zama Hamilkar don lakabi don lakabi da Barka ("Walking"), ya shahara ga kamfen soji a kan Romawa. Masana kimiyya sun kasa kafa wanda mahaifiyar Hannibal. Yin hukunci da takaddun da aka adana, sai ya juya ya zama dan fari a cikin iyali, amma ba farkon yaro ba: girbi uku sun bayyana a baya, sunayen da ba a kiyaye sunayensu ba. 'Yan uwan nan gaba ta yi wa'azin nan gaba ya zama gasdrobal da Magon.
Gashin Hamilkar ya tafi mafi girman carfrairy na mariscracy. A cewar wasu kafofin, Barca ta haifi ɗa na huɗu, wanda aka yanka don sadaukarwa a cikin 240 BC. Ns. Ta yaya amintaccen wannan gaskiyar ya kasance asirin. A wannan shekarar, mutum ne ta yanke shawara game da hukuncin majalissar cartreliena ya tafi yaƙin soja ya tafi Sicily.
A lokacin da Hannibal yana da shekara 9, mahaifinsa ya ɗauki ɗan ɗansa zuwa Spain. Kafin tashi (bisa ga almara), Hamilkar ta bukaci cewa ya yi rantsuwa a gaban gumakan da zai zama abokan gaba daga wannan lokacin. Daga baya, alkawarin yaron ya kira shi "Hannibal rantsuwar." Tuni kasancewa cikin yankin Spanish, Warger na gaba ya rayu a cikin sansanin soja, ya yi karatu a kan gogaggen jarirai.
Hakanan ana gudanar da horon da yake a nan. Malamai sun yi Carthasarawa da gayyata Helenawa. Ba da daɗewa ba Hannuniyawa, tare da ƙaramin ɗan'uwan turdrobal, ya fara shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe. A cikin ɗayan waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin kewaye Geliki, an tilasta mahaifinsu su koma baya. Don kare 'ya'ya maza, Hamilkar da sha'awar abokan gābana, sun nufi kogin, amma nutsar da su. Yara maza da aka aiko tare da wani ɓangare na sojoji a wata hanya sun sami ceto.
Rayuwar sirri
Rayuwar Hannibal ta rufe sirri. Tit Atar Libya ya rubuta a rubuce-rubucensa cewa, kasancewa cikin Spain, kwamandan ya auri wata mace birni. Mai yiwuwa, an kira Mady - don haka kiran mata na mawakiyar sanjara ta Carthagaan na wutar lantarki Italik. Ma'auratan sun yi rayuwa tare na ɗan ɗan gajeren lokaci - zuwa Italiya, masu sihiri ba su sake haduwa da ƙaunataccensa ba.Tarihin da suka gabata ƙarni da suka gabata sun danganta ga jarumi mai yawa, wanda aka zargi da karkatar da jima'i. An ruwaito, musamman, cewa a cikin garin Apuli na Salepa, Hannibal yana da wani labari mai karuwanci na gida.
Aikin soja
Bayan mutuwar Hamilkar, sabon kwamandan-Combrea shugaba na Carthage ya zama surukinsa mai suna gasdralbal. Ya yi aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci - ba da daɗewa ba mutumin da aka kashe. Matsayi ya tafi Hannibal ta kada kuri'a. Ba da daɗewa ba kwamandan ya shirya kamfen, manufar wacce ita ce fadada yankunan garin Cartricagini a yankin Arewa-Yamma na yankin Pyrenean.
Biranensa aka yi biyayya da shi da yawancin biranen, kuma kawai a cikin mazaunan Sigunt mazauna da ke kare 'yanci ne kawai. A lokacin da bukatar su, jakadun daga Rome suna isa ya isa Gunnibal, wanda ya bukaci Carthrain don dakatar da tashin hankali. Koyaya, a duk lokacin da tattaunawar ba ta da amfani. Bayan kewaye da ƙarshen watanni 8, birni ya yi sallama. An kashe mutane na gida, kuma an sayar da mata da yara.
Bayan aikin soja na nasara, kwamandan ya yi tunanin wani shirin aiwatar da aiki a kan mamayewa na Italiya. Sojojin Carthage sun rinjayi pyrenees. A kan hanya, mayaƙai su shiga kwatancen tare da ƙananan kabilan zaune ta wannan ƙasa. Bayan dogon canji a tsaunuka, sojojin sun rasa jarumawa da yawa, amma bai dakatar da Hannibal a cikin sha'awar cinye Rome ba.
Zuwan na kwamandan zuwa Italiya ya zama abin mamaki kuma ya dage farawa farkon yakin na biyu na biyu. Kwamandan Roman na Publius na SChipipius na Cornelius a wannan lokacin zai iya tura sojoji da gaggawa. Amma sa'a ba ta bi Romawa ba, kuma, yana ɗaukar asara, an tilasta su yin ritaya.
Bayan ya ci gaba na gaba, Hannonbal ya koma zuwa Rome. Ba da daɗewa ba ya yi sa'ar kiran sojojin Fabia Maxim da alama daɗaɗɗen Rufa. Koyaya, Carthageanina ta gaza karya dakaru: Fabiy ta iya tilasta wa dabarun dakatar da yakin. A wannan lokaci, sojojin ne ɗan Hamilkan kusan an gama ajiyar abinci. Sai kwamandan ya yanke shawarar sauya dabarun kuma ya jagoranci Cannes.
Yaƙi na Canenes ya juya ya zama ɗayan haske a cikin tarihin rayuwar Hannibal. A hankali dabarun tunani, gina sojoji a cikin wata hanya ta musamman, a cikin nau'i na wata cuta, ta yuwu da sauri a kayar da layuka na Romawa. Latterarshe mutane dubu 50 a cikin yaƙin, yayin da Carthage sun rasa wannan shekara 6,000. Wasu sun bi wannan yaƙin, mai nasara.
Koyaya, a Nola kuma Kapuwar, an tarye shi. City da aka ɗauka ta ƙarshe da aka ɗauka ta hanyar Carthgagin ya fara kewaye da Romawa. A sakamakon haka, mutanen gari sun mika wuya. Wannan shan kashi ya gurbata ikon Hannibal a tsakanin abokan duniya. Farawa daga 210 zuwa n. Ns. Kwamandan ya jagoranci yaƙe-yaƙe tare da bambancin nasara. A ƙasa, a hankali ya koma Romawa.
Don gyara halin da ake ciki, Warger ya aika da wasiƙa zuwa Brat Gaskin Gaskind tare da kira don zuwa da taimako. Koyaya, saƙon da aka kame, da Hadralbal kansa ba da daɗewa ba ya faɗi a filin daga. A halin yanzu, sojojin SCPIPIO sun jagoranci Afirka, inda sojojin sojojin Hannibal suka kafa tushen, kuma sun haifar da murƙushewa.
Bayan da tun daga wannan, ɗan Hamilkar ya tafi zuwa ƙasashen Afirka. A lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe, shan kashi na Hannibal a dalilin a 202 BC. Ns. Kuma tattaunawar kwamandan ta iya yarda su kammala duniya. Ta haka ne ya kawo karshen yakin na biyu na huɗun.
Mutuwa
Hannibal, ya tsira bayan da nassi na Carthage Romawa, ya tafi gudun hijira. Ya ce, "Antakiya Iiyira kuma, kuma mai mulkin viphini prusiy. Dukansu sun yi a kan tasirin Roman. Koyaya, ƙarshen ya canza ra'ayinsa kuma ya ba da wurin kwamandan ga sojoji. Na fahimci cewa an kewaye ni, Hannibal ya karɓi guba daga fashin daga fashin da yake tare da shi. Dalilin mutuwar kwamandan shi ne guba.Tunani
Littattafai:
- 1941 - "Hannibal", marubuci Jack Lindsay
- 1960 - "Na yi tafiya tare da Hannibal", marubuci Hansuman
- 1963 - "Elephants Hannibal", marubuci Alexander nemirovsky
- 1983 - "Hannibal, Hamilkar Hamilkar", marubuci Georgy Gulia
- 1989 - "Hannibal. Roman game da Carthage ", marubucin Gispert Hafs
- 1995 - "Hannibal", marubucin Ross Lekkki
- 1998 - Scypio African, Marubucin Ross Lekki
- 2000 - "Carthage", Marubucin Ross Lekki
Film:
- 1914 - "Kabiria"
- 1937 - "Scypio African Scypio - Hannibal ya ci"
- 1955 - "Mai sona Jupiter"
- 1959 - "Hannibal"
- 1997 - "Babban yaƙi na Hannibal"
- 2001 - "Hannibal - Mutumin da ya ƙi Rome"
- 2005 - "Hannibal da Rome"
- 2005 - "Tarihin Tarihi na Hannibal"
- 2006 - "Hannibal: Kwamandan Legendary"