Tari
Sherwood Anderson - marubucin marubuci na Amurka. Ya nuna a cikin labarunsa na zamani na zamani - mutane masu ɗabi'a waɗanda ba su iya yin tsayayya da duniya, inda ya riƙe ta. Mahalarta ta taimaka wa samuwar irin wannan marubutan kamar yadda William Falkner, Thomas Wolfe, John Steinbeck da Ray Bradbury.Yaro da matasa
Sherwood Anderson da aka haife shi a 1876, Satumba 13th 13th. Shi ɗan ukun ya kasance ɗa na uku a cikin gidan alkyabbar. Iyali ba su da matalauta, uwa ta tafi da maƙwabta masu arziki da yawa, kuma dole ne a ɗauki uba don compartsassun matarsa da 'ya'yanku bakwai. Sherwood, taimaka wa iyaye, kuɗaɗen shanu, yada jaridu, yana yin aikin zane.
Anderson sau da yawa an motsa, amma ba da nisa ba - a cikin jihar Ohio, tare da lokaci, juyawa lokaci, inda aka haife shi a cikin 1883 daga Colden, a Clyde. Wannan birni zai tuna da yaro ɗan shekara bakwai. Tsarin labarai game da labarun game da masanin almara na Winesburg zai rubuta abubuwan ban sha'awa daga rayuwa a Clyde.
Tsarin sakandare na Sherwood a Matasa bai karba ba. Lokacin da Uba ya mutu, dole ne in ƙunshi dangi ta hanyar canza sana'a don sana'a. To, a cikin 1895, mahaifiyar ta mutu. Ya wuce kusan shekara guda, kuma matasa Anderson suka tafi yakin Sifen-Amurka-Amurka, a cikin Kuba a 1898-1899.
Lokacin da yakin ya ƙare, marubucin ya faru nan gaba ya tafi Springfield, wanda kuma ya kasance a cikin Ohio, kuma ya yi karatu a Ohia, kuma ya yi karatu a Kwalejin Wellterberg a cikin shekarar. Bayan haka ya canza wurin zama da sana'a sau da yawa. Springman Prodisment malami ya taimaka wa saurayi don son adabi kuma ya zama Prototype don haruffan mata da yawa.
Tassi na Sherwood Anderson ya ƙunshi ɗan gajeren aiki a cikin ƙaramin kamfanin, inda ya juya daga matsayin manajan zuwa matsayin mai shi. Koyaya, a cikin 1913, wani saurayi ya bar mai ƙarfi ya tafi Chicago. A nan ya rubuta rubutu don kamfanonin talla kuma a cikin layi daya yana farawa don ƙirƙirar labarunsu.
Littattafai
Marubucin ya gwada sojojinsa a cikin littafin tun 1910, amma ba a buga waɗannan ayyukan ba. Daga shekarar 1914, littattafan da na kananan labarai fara, da kuma a 1916, masu karatu gana da farko labari Anderson "Ɗan Windows na Windows Maczerson" - a idon basira tarihi na Guy daga Iowa. Samfurin da aka yiwa alama ta gaba ita ce sabon labari "a cikin kafa!". Wannan labarin game da wahalar da rayuwar ma'aikata a duniya, inda ake mamaye kayan da masana'antu da masana'antu.An hango dangantakar samar da lokacin aiki daga abin da ya faɗi:
"Mutanen baƙin ƙarfe suna kama da ƙarfe, a cikin abin da ramuka suka bushe. An kuma zubar dasu sannan a wani wuri a cikin trolley. "Wannan yanki ne daga tarin kayan rubutu Anderson "Winesburg, Ohio", da aka buga a 1919. Kodayake a cikin littafin kuma babu wani shiri na ƙarshen-zuwa-ƙarshen, ana haɗuwa da ra'ayin gama gari da kuma haruffa waɗanda suke motsawa daga wani labari zuwa wani.
Marubucin yana nuna abubuwa kan ƙananan garuruwa na Amurka. Yana watsa manufar kadaici da rashin jin dadin mutane da ke fama da rikici tsakanin al'ummar karni da ruhaniya, rayuwar ruhi na haruffan. A cikin sabon labari "kwalliya daga takarda" da aka bayyana duk bayanan sa a cikin kwallaye. Don haka ya jaddada yardarsa da rashin iya raba tunani da kuma jin daɗin da wasu, kuma kowa ya ɗauki shi ba zai yiwu ba da kuma eccentric.
Tashin hankali na marubucin shi ne ruwayar a cikin tsarin gajeren labari. Tallafin "bikin qwai" da "mutuwa a cikin gandun daji" suna da saƙonnin Siffiku ga mai karatu, haifar da tausayi ga makomar jaruma.
Littattafan tarihi na Anderson kuma sun hada da Littattafan "fararen talakawa", "da yawa aure", "dariya sosai", rubuce a 1920 kuma daga baya. Koyaya, kowace shekara zargi ba ta da ƙarfi rubuce rubuce. Littattafan ƙarshe na marubucin an sami su ba tare da kwazo ba.
A cewar ƙaunatattun, marubucin yana aiki akan ayyuka kuma sannu-sannu sun hadu da gaskiyar cewa aiwatar da ƙirƙirar rubutu don yana da wahala fiye da sauran. Photo Anderson 1920-1930s Nuna shi mai da hankali da gaji.
Dmitry Bykov a cikin shirin "daya" da ake kira marubucin a farkon zamani na zamani na Amurka. Andrei Astanzuturrov a cikin mujallar "Neva" ya rubuta game da Anderson:
"Irin wannan nau'in tsinkaye, ya ɓace daga cikin abubuwa, farkawa da su, za a iya misalta tare da su, za a iya kwatanta shi da sanin wani ɗa wanda ya kirkiro duniyar da ke da haske daga komai. Ko kuma sanin Annabi ... ".Rayuwar sirri
A cikin 1904, Sherwood Avice Cornela Partwood Lane, wanda ya ba shi yara uku.
A cikin 1916, ya rabu da matarsa da yara, kuma a cikin 1924 ya kirkiro wani dangi a New Orleans. Matar ta uku Anderson, Elizabeth Préll, ta yi aiki a matsayin kantin gudanarwa. Wannan aure ya dauki shekaru 5.
A shekara ta 1933, rayuwar sirri ta sirri ta cika da wani taron. Ya auri lokacin ƙarshe, Elininor Cocoquayer ya zama babban nasa.
Bugu da kari to motsi a kusa da Chicago da biranen Ohio, Anderson sau biyu, a 1921 da kuma 1927, ya ziyarci kasashen Turai, amma kawai a matsayin matafiyi. A cikin 1926, ya sayi gona a cikin yanayin marion a cikin Virginia da sauran rayuwarsa kuwa suka kwana a can.
Mutuwa
A shekara ta 1941, Anderson Sherwood da matarsa ta yi tafiya a jirgin zuwa Kudancin Amurka. A ranar 8 ga Maris, marubucin ya mutu lokacin da jirgin ya wuce tashar Panaman, sanadin mutuwa ya zama peritonitis. An binne maƙasudin a cikin hurumi na garin Marion.Faɗa
- "Jesse ya kasance mai karfi ne kawai. Ya san yadda za a mallaki wasu, amma bai san abubuwa da yawa ba. "
- "Bai taba cimma abin da yake so ba, kuma abin da yake so, Shi da kansa bai sani ba."
- "Yaron a ciki duk lokacin yayi rauni, ya yi karo da gaskiya."
Littafi daya
- 1916 - "SON Windows Mcpherson"
- 1917 - "Fara!"
- 1918 - "Magoya bayan Amurka"
- 1919 - "WinSeburg, Ohio"
- 1920 - "White maraƙi"
- 1921 - "bikin qwai"
- 1923 - "dawakai da mutane"
- 1923 - "Da yawa aure"
- 1924 - "Labarin Tag"
- 1925 - "dariya dariya"
- 1926 - "Tar: Don yara a Midwest"
- 1932 - "A gefen sha'awar"
- 1933 - "Mutuwa a cikin gandun daji"
- 1936 - "Hoton Kit Vandon"
- 1942 - "Tunawa da Sherwood Anderson"