Tari
Babban shugaban Libya Muammar Gaddafi dan siyasa ne da mai gyara wanda ya yi niyyar farin ciki da farin ciki ga jama'ar Afirka da mutanensa. Ya gudanar da juyin juya hali, kifar da maye, kuma a lokaci guda yayi babban gudummawa ga ci gaban kasarsa.
Ba a san ainihin ranar haihuwar Muammmar ba, kamar yadda aka haife shi a cikin Yuni 7, 1942, a wasu wuraren da aka lissafa. Tarihin rayuwar Firayim Minista na gaba ya fara ne a cikin dangi kusa da Casir Abu Hadi, 30 km daga Libya Sirta.
Daga baya a cikin hirar, ya jaddada asalinsa, yana gaya wa cewa sun kasance 'yanci ne kuma sun ji daɗin yanayi, domin sun zauna a tantuna. Ya kasance ƙarami ƙarami a cikin iyali, a cikin shida, da kuma ɗan saurayi. Mahaifiya ta ba wa gida, '' ta taimaka a cikin wannan matar. Mahaifiya, Nomada daga wuri zuwa wuri, a kan awaki da raƙuma.
Yaron ya tafi makaranta a shekara 9. Tun da yake mahaifin dangin ya kasance a koyaushe yana neman sababbi, yawancin ƙasashe masu arziki, an tilasta wa danginsa ya yi yawo tare da shi. Don haka, ya canza makarantu na biyu, ya sami ilimin sakandare a cibiyoyin ilimi uku daban-daban. Tun da babu kuɗi a cikin iyali, ya kuma saba daga mahaifin, a shirye yake don tsara Sonan, bayan darasin Muammmar ya kasance cikin masallacin cikin gida kuma ya kwana a can. Iyaye sun zo ne kawai ga ƙofar, mai nasara 30 km a ƙafa.
Bars kuma ya faru a cikin gidan iyali. Kuma kodayake Camp na Nomadaci na Nomadiki koyaushe yana nan da nan daga bakin tekun, yaron ya gaya wa cewa bai taɓa ganin teku ba. Af, ya zama kawai yaro a cikin dangi da ya sami ilimi. Bayan kammala karatun, ya shiga makarantar sakandare na Cecha.
Juyin juya halin Musulunci
Kungiyar Antipolitic na farko a rayuwar Gaddafi ya bayyana a makarantar sakandare. Mahalarta sun kasance mafi yawa matasa, Muammar sun mamaye matsayi mai aiki. Babban burin su shi ne rushewar masara, wanda bai gamsu da kowa ba. A shekarar 1961, wani mutum, wani mutum ya gudanar da zanga-zangar tare da sauran mahalarta a kungiyar, wanda ya yi magana da rashin lafiyar Siriya daga OAR. Jawabin karshe ya ce Gaddafi da kansa, wanda aka kora shi daga makaranta, tun lokacin da ya shirya zanga-zangar adawa da gwamnati.
Mutanen sun ci gaba da tallafawa, tallafawa juyin juya halin Alreria. Mahukunta ba su kimanta jimrar matasa ba, rubuta Munammar ga masu shirya, an fara fara kama da shi daga garin duka. A cikin ƙuruciyarsa, ya kasance mai kuzari, ya nemi neman burin su, don haka irin waɗannan matakan ba su tsoratar da Gaddafi ba. Ya dauki karantarwa daga koyo a cikin misare, kuma daga baya shekaru daga baya, ya yi karatu a kwalejin soja a Benghazi, da ya karbi matsayin leamita.
Ya yi aiki a sansanin soja kuma ba da jimawa ba don yabo na musamman da aka fassara zuwa matsayin kyaftin. Kafin masarautar a Libya a Libya, wani mutum ya yi aiki a cikin sojojin injiniya, yayin da yake bin kwastomomin musulinci, ba sa amfani da giya da halin da suka sha giya da halin sha.
Shiri don babban juyin mulki ya fara ne a shekarar 1964. Pre-Gaddafi ya kirkiro wannan dalilin kungiyar da ake kira "Ososus" ("Jami'an Uku A wannan yanayin, an zabi al'adun da aka zaba a hankali, nazarin haruffan su, su nazarin su, dama kuma sun kalli yanayin mutane gaba daya.
Juyin juya halin ya faru a shekarar 1969. A lokacin da kungiyar ta riga ta kirkiro shirin aiki. Kuma ko da yake ga dalilai daban-daban, da dalilai daban-daban, lokacin da aka canja shi sau 3, a ranar 1 ga Satumba, rushewar mai mulkin ya fara. Daban-ƙungiya daga membobin ƙungiyar da aka kafa, inda Mumumar ta yi magana da kyaftin, ya fara gudanar da ayyukan a cikin seize da kuma kafa ikon sarrafa sojoji da kuma abubuwan gwamnati. Sun yanke shawarar gudanar da jawaban jama'a a Benghazi, Tripoli da sauran manyan biranen kasar.
An watsa ayyukan a duk faɗin ƙasar, ban da nesa nesa, don haka ƙungiyoyin suka kama abubuwa kafin farkon sa'ar sa. Kafin muammar, akwai wani aiki don samun tashar rediyo na Benghazi kuma sarrafa aikin daga can. A rediyo, duk ƙasar ta saurari game da Gaddafi, wanda ya gaya wa mutane cewa "dauki da yanayin lalata" outhrown.
A lokacinwa ba ta sake wanzu ba, ba da daɗewa ba aka ƙirƙira majalissar dokokin Juyin Juyin (CRC), kuma an sake sunan Arab Republas Republic. A lokaci guda, Gaddafi ya karbi matsayin Kanal an kuma nada sojojin kwamandan shugaban kasar.
Jikin mai mulki
Tuni a cikin shugabanci na SRK, a shekarar 1970, an nada Firayim Minista da Ministan Tsaro. Matakan farko da sabon jihar su ne korar sansanonin soja na wasu jihohi daga ƙasar Libya, da kishin bankunan kasashen waje da ƙasa da suka mallaki Itanda, da canji a kalanda. An fara yin lissafin shekaru daga ranar mutuwar Annabi Muhammadu, canza sunayen watanni.
A shekarar 1971, cikakkiyar bibarin doka da aka kirkira a lokacin daular ya fara. Yanzu duk dokokin sun kafa ka'idodin ka'idojin Sharia, caca da giya sun hana a haramcin kasar. Hakanan ya zartar da tsabtace kungiyar sabuwar siyasa, wanda ke yi hamayya da juyin juya halin Musulunci da kuma kafa sabuwar gwamnati. A shekara ta 1979, A ƙarshe dokar ta samo asali ne a cikin kasar.
Tare da zuwa iko, muammar ya hada ra'ayinsa na tattalin arziki da tattalin arziki da tattalin arziki da siyasa a cikin wani irin ra'ayi, wanda, a cikin ra'ayinsa, zai iya taimakawa ci gaban jama'a. Gaddafi ya bayyana babban aikinta a cikin koren littafi, wanda ya ba da tushe na ka'idar duniya ta uku.
A nan, ra'ayoyin musulinci a hankali ne tare da wasu ra'ayoyin Anagkea (Kropotkin da Bakunina). A bangare na farko, nau'in na'urar jama'a na Jamiahiruiya, wanda a cikin 1977 aka buga kuma bisa hukuma ya zama sabon tsari na mulkin kasar.
Bayan ya yarda da sabon na'urar, gwamnati ta narke, kuma a lokaci guda za ta kirkiro sabbin cibiyoyi, kwamitin manyan mutane, da ofishin sirciya. An nada Sakatare Babban Sakataren Gaddafi. Kuma ko da yake bayan shekaru 2, mutumin ya ba wa manajan ƙwararru, tun daga nan aka kira shi a hukumance a matsayin shugaban Juyin Juyin Juyin Juyin Libya.
Shirye-shiryen Gaddafi bayan ya zo kan iko da akwai maki da yawa. Mutumin ya so ya hada dogin Libya tare da sauran kasashen larabawa, kuma a 1972 ta yi kira ga mutane musulmai da Amurka saboda 'yan wasan Falasdinu. Ya aiko da hidimominsa a karshen shekarun 1970, da aka goyi bayan Iran Mohammise na Sudan Mohammed.
Duk da wannan, wani mutum ya fara ƙirƙirar sashin haɗin gwiwa na musamman, wanda membobinsu za su warware matsalolin masu zargi a cikin al'amuran siyasa a cikin kwanciyar hankali. A cikin 1970, Muammar ya yi kira ga kungiyar hada-hadar haɗin kai na Cheldny Afirka don dakatar da dangantaka da Isra'ila, sakamakon abin da yaƙin ya fashe.
Yawancin ƙasashe na Larabawa, suna zanga-zangar da Isra'ila, ta daukaka farashin mai, sannan kuma ta ayyana takunkumin samar da kayayyakin mai a Amurka da sauran jihohin da Isra'ila ta tallafa wa Isra'ilawa.
Duk wannan damuwar siyasa. Tare da isowar Gaddafi ya kai iko a cikin kasar, abubuwan da mahimman abubuwan da suka faru. Har yanzu akwai wadanda suka yi kokarin yin juyin mulki, sakamakon hakan ya hana kirkirar kungiyoyin adawa da jam'iyyun siyasa. Bugu da kari, ma'aikata da kuma sukajin aiki ba zai yiwu ba ga doka, mai tsaurin kai kuma ana gabatar da shi ne kan kafofin watsa labarai.
Koyaya, akwai sabani a cikin ayyukan Gaddafi. Wannan ya tabbatar da batun lokacin da wani mutum ya nuna rashin amincewa ga wadanda suka kammala a cikin gidajen yarin. Mai tsarki ne a kan Bulldozer ya karye kofar kurkuku ya warware kofar kurkuku kuma ya karɓi wasu fursunonin siyasa a kan nufin.
A cikin shekarun da aka yi, Muammar ta ba da babbar gudummawa ga samuwar Jamhuriyar. Idan kawai% na yawan jama'a ya zama mai dacewa, to, bayan canjin Libya da kirkirar ɗakunan karatu da yawa, wannan cibiyoyin ilimi sun kai 51%.
Koyaya, ba komai yayi kyau sosai a Libya ba. A zamanin Gaddafi, Jamhururin ya jure da rikici da Chadi, bamai ta hanyar jirgin ruwan Muammar ya mutu, takunkumi daga Kwakwalwar Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya don fashewar jirgin sama da kuma wasu matsaloli. Babban bala'i ga mazauna mazaunan Libya shine kisan shugabansu.
Rayuwar sirri
Muammmar sau biyu ya yi aure. Matarsa ta farko ita ce 'yar wani jami'in aiki, ya yi aiki a matsayin malami a makaranta, a 1970 ya haifi ɗa. Koyaya, mutumin bai yi aiki tare da rayuwar ta ba, da samari kuma suka sake saki. Matar ta taho da ta sake fasalin Safiiya Safia ne wanda ya ba shi 'ya'ya mata bakwai. Sun kuma kawo 'ya'yan haɓaka biyu da' yari. Kowane daga cikin yaran sun cimma wata nasara a rayuwa.
Misali, ɗa na uku dan wasan kwallon kafa mai ƙwararru ne, yana da taken Kanik da sojojin Libya. Dan kwallon kafa na uku shi ne shugaban sojojin Libya, 'yar da' yar da aka shirya, a lokacin ne aka rushe shugaban Iraki da kuma aka rushe Shugaba.
Baya ga Littafin Green, murfin wanda hoto ya mamaye shi ko kuma hoton mai sabuntawa, ya danganta da rayuwarsa, saboda duk rayuwarsa, Muammar ya rubuta sauran ayyuka. Daga cikin su akwai labarun "gudu zuwa wuta", "ƙasa", "birni" da sauransu. An bayyana ƙwaƙwalwar mutumin a cikin sinima, fina-finai "tsirara pistol", "mai mulkin kama-karya" da kuma wasu nau'ikan zane-zane.
Mutuwa
Kafin mutuwa ta zo Muammar Gaddafi, a cikin zamani daga 1975 zuwa 1998 ya yi kokarin sau 7.
A cikin hunturu, 2010-201, yakin yaƙi wanda ya faru a Libya, mutane sun bukaci Gaddafi zai tashi daga mulki kuma ya bar kasar. A ranar 20 ga Oktoba, 2011, da aka shirya kungiyar ta fusata Sirtty da kuma kama Muammar. Mutane suka kewaye mutumin, harbe a sama, suka kaɗa mujallu a kai.
A cikin mintina na ƙarshe na rayuwa, ya kira 'yan tawayen su jawo, amma bai taimaka ba. Dalilin mutuwar shugaban Libya shi ne samosud, wanda ya koya da shi. Bugu da Musamman, dan Gaddafi ya kama zaman, an kashe shi a karkashin rashin sani. Jikin da aka sanya a cikin masana'antun masana'antu kuma sun daina kowa don yin nazarin cibiyar kasuwanci mai ma'ana. Kuma a asuba, an binne mutane a jejin Libya.
Lambobin yabo
- 1978 - Sofia girmama lambar yabo (a 2007) ya hana lambobin yabo)
- 2003 - Umarni na Yarislav mai hikima na digiri
- 2008 - tsari na Bogdan Khmelnitsky i digiri
- 2009 - oda na masu 'yantu