Tari
Mikhail Chekhov - yan wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha, darektan da malamin gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Tsarin kirkirar asali, yayi aiki akan tsarin StanislavslavsLy kuma an tsara hanyar marubucin. A cikin ƙwaƙwalwar da kansu, mai zane da Darakta ya rage yawa hotuna hotuna da yawa a wasan kwaikwayo da duwatsun fim, littattafai da labarai game da takamaiman aikin aiki. Chekhov aboki ne na wadanda suka kafa MKHHH, wanda ya sami nasarar samun shahararru a Turai da Amurka. Ya sanya wasannin game da shafukan fitsari na kasashen waje, lectored kuma sun jagoranci karawa don masu fasaha na gaba.Yaro da matasa
Mikhail Alexandrovich Chekhov shine danhayin na sanannen playworght Anton Chekhov. Mahaifin yaron, kamar danginsa, ya gwada kansa a cikin littattafai. A cikin 1888, Alexander Chekhov ya zama bazawara da kuma bayan shekara ta gaba ya auri madadin da suka yi aiki tare da 'ya'yansa. Ta gabatar da shi da ofan Mikhail.
Yaron da aka haife yaron 17 (20) 1891 a St. Petersburg kuma daga ƙuruciya ya nuna ma'amala maharanci. Iyaye suka ga shi, kuma mahaifinsa ya gaskata cewa magajinsa zai yi ta da mai bayar da mai fasaha. Pretty Misha poundal don fasaha mai ban mamaki. A cikin 1907, ya zama ɗalibin makarantar wasan kwaikwayo a cikin rubutu da kuma art al'umma. Aikin hoton ya faru a cikin tsarin mai son mai son.
Malaman sun lura cewa Misha ya yi nasara sosai a cikin hotunan mai ban dariya kuma yana da ikon yin alamun halayen. Bayan kammala horo, saurayin ya zama memba na Tufafin gidan wasan kwaikwayon Sudu, wanda ke aiki rabin shekara guda. A cikin 1912, da masaniya da Konstantin Stanislavsky, Mikhail ya karbi gayyata don yin aiki tare da MHT.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo da fina-finai
Hero na farko a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na wasan zane na Moscow don Chekhov ya zama Vaska daga Ivan Turgenev. Mai zane novice ya yi farin ciki da bayyana ta hanyar tsammanin. Sai ya zama sananne game da buɗewar ɗakin studio a MHT. Daga wannan lokacin, Mikhail ya shiga cikin babban al'amarin a cikin taron, sannan a cikin manyan daramu, kuma a cikin manyan darussan, kuma a cikin manyan darussan, kuma a cikin manyan darussan, kuma a cikin manyan darussan, kuma a cikin Studio a karkashin jagorancin Evgeny Vakhtangov da Leopold Sorerzhhibtsky.A cikin 1913, ɗan wasa da farko ya zama a gaban ruwan tabarau na ɗakin fim, yana yin nau'in Mikhail Romanov a cikin fim ɗin "ukun-jiyya na sarautar gidan Romav". Bin wannan fim ya tauraro a cikin hotuna 5 shiru. A cikin layi daya, ya tafi wurin wasan kwaikwayo a wasan kwaikwayo na zane a hoton na fatiebu daga wasan "Al'ada na Dakin Holidova" prodova a kan babban abin wasan kwaikwayon. A cikin shekaru 2 masu zuwa, dan wasan ya shiga wasan kwaikwayon da Stanislavsky.
Shekarun 1915 da aka kawo rawar da aka yi a cikin fina-finai "tiyata" da "cricket". Ya kuma sanya shi a kan inda motar motar "ambaliyar", wacce ta shiga cikin ɗakin studio. Stanislavsky ya gayyaci Chekhov don bugawa Trlemava a cikin sanannen "Seagull" a 1916, amma mai fasaha ya kasa, ƙari ga baƙin ciki an gama aiki. A hadaddamar yanayin ilimin halin mutum na mutum ba shi da sauki a yi bayani. Bugu da kari, a wannan lokacin, dan uwan, wanda Mikhail ya yi damuwa da watsi da rawar.
Chekhov ya yi aiki a matsayin tsarin aikin aiwatarwa, wanda yayi wa'azin a cikin nasa studio, wanda aka kafa a cikin 1918 a cikin gidansa. Stanislavsky kansa ya karfafa wadannan azuzuwan. Mai wasan kwaikwayo ya ba da labarai da yawa wanda ke nazarin shahararren hanyar. Mahaliccin MKHAT ya sake karbar malvolio a cikin samar da "goma sha biyu" kuma ya buga babban halin a cikin Eric XIV. A cikin layi daya, Mikhail ya koyar da kwarewar aiki.
Chekhov ya shiga cikin samar da Stanislavsky "mai duba". Xles na xan suna da ra'ayoyi na masu sukar. 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo masu cike da tsarin halittu na Rasha da Turai, bayan da ya ziyarci yawon bude ido na Lithuan, Estonia, Slovenia da Czech Republic.
A shekarar 1922, ya tashi a helm na farkon Murat Studio, wanda shekara ta gaba ce shekara 10 da haihuwa. Mai zane ya sake zama hamelet. Prepere ya sami ƙididdigar ƙididdigar ma'ana, amma ta lokacin da Chekhov ya fi dacewa da Chekhov a bayyane yake. Ya zama mai sanyaya mai zane-zane na masu samar da ilimi. A daidai lokaci, an sake suna karatun studio na biyu.
A cikin 1926, studio yana da tsaga. Chekhov ya ki tsallake Alexander Ostrovsky a kan matakin "Wolves da tumaki" a cikin samarwa Alexei daji. Anatoly Lunacharsy ta shiga tsakani. Tushen ba sa son yin aiki tare da daji, da kwangilar tare da shi bai yi niyyar tsarawa ba. Matsakaicin matsayi ya kasance wani cikas ga yawon shakatawa a Amurka, wanda aka shirya Stanislavsky. A sakamakon karar, Mikhail Chekhov ya zama mai kisan gilla a cikin gabatarwar a kan gabatar da shan taba magani.
Kasancewa kai, bai ƙi ayyukan zane-zane ba kuma ci gaba da yin fim. A cikin 1927, farkon fim ɗin "mutum daga gidan cin abinci", wanda aka dauke shi mafi mahimmanci a cikin tarihin tarihin na mutum.
Binciken hanyar Stanislavsky, a cikin 1928 Chekhov ya fitar da littafin "hanyar Actor". A daidai lokaci, ba gaji da ke ƙare da sha'awar da suka yi sarauta a gidan wasan kwaikwayo ba, amma taron ya ki. Dan wasan ya dauki karamar karya ga lafiya, kuma shi da kansa ya yarda ya harba wasan a Takaddar tefta na darektan Jamus na Max Reghardt.
Ya kuma taka leda a cikin "masu fasaha". Sa'an nan ya bi aikin a cikin fina-finai "wawa saboda ƙauna", "in ji mawaƙa". A matsayina na darekta, ya kafa "na sha biyu dare" da "Gabima", suna samun fitarwa a ƙasashen waje a matsayin mai tsara gidan wasan kwaikwayo.
Mawakin ya yi aiki a ƙasashen waje, ya shirya bude makarantar da ke Faransa kuma ya kirkiri al'adar kungiyar Teethere Chekhov a Paris, haya dakin don wasannin. Sun sami ka'idoji da ke tallafawa aikinsa da gudummawar da ba da kuɗi ba, amma farkon farawa alama ga tsarin kirkirar bashi da haɗari. Ya fara yin shawarwari tare da gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Rigi na wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha, inda ya gabatar da wasa da yawa.
Mikhail Chekhov ya yi aiki mai yawa a cikin Kungiyar waje ta kusa da - Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania da kuma shirya setinars, suna bayyana 'yan wasan Stanislavsky. Ya kuma yi magana game da nasa hangen nesa na kirkirar rayuwa a fage. A cikin 1935th, wasan kwaikwayo na Chekhov a karkashin jagorancinsa ya ba yawon shakatawa a Amurka.
Ma'aikacin gidan wasan kwaikwayon na gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya karɓi gayyatar don yin aiki tare daga zauren ɗakin karatun na Ingilishi na Ingilishi kuma yayi aiki a can daga 1936 zuwa 1938. Matsakaicin rashin iya rayuwa a Turai a cikin jira na yakin ya tilasta wa actor a kamfanin na mutane masu hankali daga ɗakin karatunsa don komawa Amurka. A nan, ba ta yi nisa ba daga New York, ya sake karba darakta, sanya wasannin William Shakespare.
A cikin Wartime, Chekhov dakatar da ayyukan masu gabatarwa kuma ya juya zuwa sinima, matattarar tsufa a cikin ribbons "da" a zamaninmu. " A shekara ta 1945, farkon "sifar" an gabatar da hoto, wanda ɗan marubuci ya karbi wani nomanation don Oscar. An bishe ta da tef "fatalwa Rosa", ku rantse. " da sauransu.
A wannan lokacin, Chekhov ya ba da hankali sosai ga Pedagogy. Ya sake littafin "a kan dabarar dan wasan kwaikwayo", wanda ya bayyana nasa hangen nesa a mataki. Ta kasance tana sha'awar 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, in cikin su da monroe monroe. Daraktan shine marubucin wasan kwaikwayon a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo na dakin gwaje-gwaje a Hollywood.
Matsalar kiwon lafiya sun tilasta wa darektan su yi watsi da darakta kuma su mai da hankali kan karfin gwiwa. Da yake maganar makarantarsa, gina kan hanyar Stanislavsky, Chekhov ya sami shahararrun shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na gaba. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: studio na Daraktan yana da matukar tasiri ga ayyukan Turai.
Ya mai da hankali kan samuwar tazara, da tabin hankali na dan wasan kwaikwayo da kasancewar ta. Kiyayar Cekova sun sami babban darajar a Hollywood, kuma kudaden sun fi ban sha'awa. Dalilin haka ya rauni kuma a cikin gaskiyar cewa yana daga cikin mabiyan Stanislavsky, wanda ya sami damar yin aiki tare da maigidan.
Rayuwar sirri
Mikhail Chekhov ya fara aure a 1914. An zabi shi Olga Chekhov, sananne a cikin da'ira sassau da ke tattare da baya a ƙarƙashin littafin. Ta kara da ta biyu bayan aure. Yarinyar ta yiwa 'yar wasan Chekhov matar Antaa.
Baya ga 'yar Olga, babu shi da yara daga mata. Kamar iyaye, yarinyar ta zaɓi aikin kirki, zama ɗan wasan kwaikwayo. Rayuwa na sirri tare da Olga bai yi aiki ba, kuma Mikhail ya bar matarsa a 1917.
A karo na biyu da mutumin da aka hada tare da aure tare da Keseenia Tsilller, Jamus ta asali.
Mutuwa
Wani adadi mai wasan kwaikwayo ya mutu a 1955. Sanadin mutuwa ya kasance labarin da aka saba. A wannan lokacin, Mikhail Chekhov ya rayu a Amurka, saboda haka jana'iz din da binne urn tare da ƙura ta wuce a Los Angeles. Kabarinsa yana kan kujerun tunawa da gandun daji na gandun daji.Fahimtar kirkira da nasarori masu kirkira Mikhail Chekhov sun kasance a cikin gida manta gida. Zuwa madadinsa, daukaka a cikin 1980s. An san tsarin Chekhovovovov, kuma masu kashe suna sun tattauna shi a kan par tare da hanyar Stanislavsky. Hoton Chekhov, da finafinai tare da fina-finai, za a iya samu a Intanet.
Filmography
- 1913 - "Daraukacin mulkin gidan Romanov"
- 1914 - "Lokacin da igiyoyin zuciya sauti"
- 1915 - "cricket a kan tandersace"
- 1915 - "mamaki majalisar"
- 1916 - "Soyayya mamaki a banza" "
- 1927 - "Mutumin daga gidan abinci"
- 1929 - "fatalwa na farin ciki"
- 1929 - "Jester na ƙaunarsa"
- 1930 - Troika
- 1944 - "Waƙar Rasha"
- 1944 - "A zamanin yau"
- 1945 - "Jiran"
- 1946 - "Irish Rosa Ebby"
- 1948 - "Texas, Brooklyn da sama"
- 1954 - "Raspand"