Meteorite - Abin da yake, Chelyabinsk, ya fadi a duniya, 2021, hoto, astereroid

Daga cikin Myidad na taurari wanda aka kawar da sararin samaniya, akwai abubuwan sararin samaniya a cikin motsi koyaushe. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: Meteorite, mota, meteor, tauraro da asteroid. Wasu daga cikinsu sun rinjayi yanayin duniya, suna fadowa zuwa cikin teku ko ƙasa, wasu kuma suna kone su ko kuma fashewa don hulɗa da saman duniyar. Wadannan abubuwan da suka haifar da abubuwan da suke dasu sune kashi na 24mm.

ME METEORite kuma abin da ya bambanta da meteor?

Gidan kurkuku "Owlar Owl": An yiwa halaye na tsare da yanke hukunci

Ana kiranta Meteorite wanda ke ƙasa, wanda ya kai ƙasa, ba a ƙone ba kuma ba tare da fashewa a yanayin sa ba. Saurin abin da aka saba da shi a ƙarƙashin jerawa daga 11 zuwa 70 km / s.

Ta hanyar shafar rarrabuwa abubuwa masu motsawa a sararin samaniya da ya danganci taken a ƙarƙashin la'akari, ana buƙatar nau'ikan waɗannan:

1. Tauraro mai wutsiya - Abubuwa waɗanda ke roƙon rana da kunshe da kankara da gas. Yayinda kake kusanci da babban haskaka tsarinmu, tauraron dan wasanmu an kafa wutsiya, wanda aka shimfiɗa zuwa miliyoyin kilomita.
2. Bekoli - Abubuwa masu haske-mai haske na wani sihiri siffar, a cikin wutsiya wanda madauki madauki ya kafa. A kan aiwatar da tashi, an buga motar, mai kama da greadrumbers, wani lokacin jikin sama da sama karkashin la'akari suna fashewa.
3. Asteroids - Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da alaƙa da rukuni na ƙananan jikin tsarin hasken rana. Motsawa a cikin Orbits a kusa da rana, diamita na diamita ya jeri daga dubun mita ga ɗaruruwan kilomita. Mafi yawan wuraren asteroids suna da hankali tsakanin ko jupiter.
4. Metaora Jikin cosmic yana ƙonewa a ƙofar yanayin ƙasa kuma yana wakiltar ragowar asterours ko comets.

Tripping daga abin da aka ambata, yana da kyau faɗi babban bambanci tsakanin memerite daga memerite daga cikin ƙasa, kuma na biyu yana ƙura ƙasa a ƙofar yanayin sa.

Nau'ikan metorites

Abun da Meteoriyawa sun kasu kashi uku:

• Na dutse (kusan kashi 93%), galibi ya kunshi silatics. Akwai rukuni guda biyu: chondrites da Ahondes. An bambanta Chondriti da adadin baƙin ƙarfe, suma suna da Chondra - tsari na splical wanda ya kunshi silatics. Ahondrrea - gutsuttsuran abubuwan da suka haifar da abubuwan da aka narke kuma suka raba su da silaticas.
• Baƙin ƙarfe (5.5-6%) - Shin baƙin ƙarfe-Nickel Alhoy. Abubuwan da suke ciki a cikin adadi kaɗan ya ƙunshi ma'adanai.
• Baƙin ƙarfe-dutse (1.5%) - sun kasu kashi biyu. Medoderite's ne na baƙin ƙarfe da dutse na silicates. Pallasites abubuwa ne na sarari wanda silicing kukan opivine ya hada da magnesial lu'ulu'u ko kuma ragowar su.

Meteorites karɓi sunayensu, gwargwadon wurin saukowa, kamar, alal misali, tungkusy ko sananne Chelyabinsk meteorite.

A ina Meteorite wanda ya kashe dinosauna ya faɗi?

Wata, wanda ke da yanayi, wanda shine miliyoyin lokuta marasa yawa fiye da ƙasa, yana ƙarƙashin sauƙin digo na metooriyawa. Bayan haka, ana aika su ga ƙasa - ana ganinsu sau da yawa a cikin sama kuma ana kiranta "Falling Stars."

Duk da cewa yawancin "baƙi daga sararin samaniya" ƙone a cikin yanayin ƙasa ko nutsewa a cikin tekun, a cikin tekun, akwai yanayi mai kyau. Duk da cewa labaru game da wadanda aka kashe sun cika da duwatsun da ke faɗuwa daga sama, har a kan okarasky mai da aka yi la'akari da shi wani lamari ne wanda ya faru a cikin 1888 a Turkiyya. Sannan metorite ya shiga yanayin mutum. Har ila yau, an yi bikin - sannan bayan tashin hankali wanda zai haifar da saukad da wani mummunan ganganci a Indiya, direban motar ya mutu a cikin birnin Mai FreeRor.

ASTrophysics, bayan nazarin bayanan daga 1860 zuwa 2018, ya kammala cewa manyan jikinsu waɗanda suke kama da na Chelyabinsk Meteor (15-20 m) a ƙasa kowane shekara 25.

Crater Chikshulub, wanda aka samo a tsibirin Yucatan da mafi girma a cikin ƙasa, yana da zurfin na 15-20 km da diamita na 180 km. Masana kimiyya sun yi imani da cewa ya kafa shekaru miliyan 66-67 da suka gabata a cikin lokacin zage bayan faduwar taurari, yanayin wanda yake 10 km. Kamfanin ya kasance daga tasirin ya kasance 100 Tertanton a cikin Ttatil daidai, wato miliyoyin lokuta mafi karfi makami.

Abu sarari ya tashi a wani kusurwa na 60 °, wanda shine mafi munin yanayin mahaɗan sulfurled da carbon dioxide na sulbured, da kuma metoorite sa tsunami tare da tsayin 50 -100 m.

Sakamakon daidaituwa na ɗan lokaci tare da zamanin Dinosaurs, faɗuwar jiki kawai wannan jiki ne da aka fi wannan dalilin kashe tsoffin mazaunan duniya. Wannan zaton an yi shi ne a cikin shekarun 1970 ta alvares, dangin masana kimiyya, masanin kimiyyar lissafi Walter.

Sun kuma ga babban abin da ke cikin usidium a kan yankin faɗuwar, wanda kusan ya zo daga sararin samaniya. Hayyanar Alvarez ya sami amsa a cikin yanayin al'ummar kimiyya, kuma a cikin 2010, lokacin da masana kimiyyar suka sami sakamako mai zurfi na duniya, halin ya fara ɗauka cewa munanan lamarin ya fara zama mai rinjaye.

Shahararren Meteorites

Babban moreorite, gyarawa ta hanyar bil'adama a cikin masara, taro na 3 m. Wurin 3 m. Wuri na 3 m. Namibia - Wani abin ya faru kusan shekaru dubu 80 da suka gabata. An samo gawarwakin da aka samu in mun gwada da kwanan nan - a 1920, mai mallakar Gobar-Wer a kan dasa filayensa ya sami wani abu da ya sami wani abu mai yawa. Geob meteorite daga lokacin ganowa ya rasa kusan tan guda 6 da 84% kunshi baƙin ƙarfe, kuma a cikin 1955 an danganta shi da al'adun ƙasar.

Fukhan Meteorite, samu a wannan birni a kasar Sin a cikin 2000, watakila shine mafi kyawun jiki wanda mutum ya samu. Abubuwan da aka ɗauka sun yi nufin nau'in filayen Pallas, kuma a cikin tsarinsa akwai lu'ulu'u na zinare na Olivine, da kuma "Honeykbb" na nickel da baƙin ƙarfe. An yi imanin cewa an kafa shi shekaru biliyan 4.5 da suka gabata a cikin samar da tsarin hasken rana.

Zamanin kwandon shara

A watan Yuni na 1908 kusa da Kogin, Kogin Takuska a cikin Daular Rasha a cikin sararin samaniya: An kunna sararin sama tare da haskakawa, rawaya da fari. Mutanen da suke hawa kusa da kabar ruscian meteorite, mai yiwuwa ya faɗi a ƙasa, wanda ya koka game da zazzabi mai ƙarfi.

An ji sautin daga fashewar a nesa na 1000 km daga Epicenter, an yi rikodin sakamakon girgiza a cikin sassa daban-daban na duniya 2000 km ^ 2. Sensors ya nuna ikon fashewa daidai da 20-40 MT a cikin tnt daidai. Duk da ƙarin bincike, masana kimiya sun kasa gano kwayoyin halitta, wanda zai tabbatar da karar rikicewar jikin mai dauke da kasa.

Chelyabinsk "baƙo"

Wannan meteorite ne wanda ya fadi a Rasha - a Chelyabinsk a watan Fabrairu 2013 sakamakon lalata a cikin yanayin ƙasa na asteroid. Taron ya kasance tare da yawan girgizawa raƙuman ruwa yadawa ta yankin Chelyabink, kuma ya sa lalata tsarin ya samu da raunin da ya faru tsakanin yawan jama'ar dubu 2. Dangane da kimantawa na NASA, ikon a sakamakon fashewar jikin sama da sararin samaniya ya mamaye shi daga 350 zuwa 500 CT.

An samo gutsuttsarin wani abu mai yawa a wurare da yawa na yankin coselalink, da kuma mafi girman sassan jikin mai suna 654 kilomita, an sanya ɗayan a cikin Gidan Tarihin Tarihi na Heebumul. Kudancin janar.

Nawa ne kudin metaorite?

A cikin tsohuwar Masar, mutane tare da kulawa ta musamman da ke tattare da meteoriyawa da suka sami kyautar gumakan, kuma suna yin la'akari da kyautar gumaka, kuma suna amfani da kyautar gumaka, kuma suna amfani da kyautar gumaka, kuma suna amfani da kyautar kayan adonsu. Har zuwa 40s na karni na karshe, an sanya Jagoran samaniya a cikin gidajen tarihi da jami'o'in kimiyya, kuma tun 1946, ya ja hankalin masu siyarwa don Meteorites ".

Idan abubuwa masu amfani sune bukatun kimiyya na masana kimiyya, saboda tare da taimakonsu, yana yiwuwa a ƙara koyon abubuwa game da sabon al'amari da lokacin lokacin da aka kafa, to don mafarautan Meteoriyawa hanya ce mai kyau.

Mafi tsada meteorite na duniya da ake kira Fukhan yana kashe Fukan farashin $ 1.7 miliyan - nauyinta na kimantawa ya kasance 1000 kg, kuma abun da aka haɗa da Olivine ya haɗa da kafafun ƙarfe-niickel da Olivine. An murƙushe shi cikin kananan gutssa kuma ya sanya shi a kan gwanjo. Duk da babban kudin wanda yake son zama mai mallakar babban abin al'ajabi ya juya ya zama mai yawa.

Bincike

Manyan hanyoyi guda uku don bincika meteorites:

1. Binciken wurin da aka yi niyyar saukowa na sarari, mai saukin tsabtace yankin daga abubuwan kasashen waje da kuma shigarwa na wata alama ta musamman.
2. Bincike ta amfani da masu binciken ƙarfe, kamar yadda yawancin metorites sun haɗa da karafa.
3. Abubuwan fashewa da za a fara bayan na'urorin da aka rubuta alamun alamun jiki.

Daga shekarar 2019 da har zuwa yanzu, 2021, injiniyan ne daga Amurka suna cikin gwaji tare da kyamarori da kuma san barkewar barkewar shoman a lokacin faɗuwar su. Duk da haka ba a san sakamakon mahimmancin sakamako ba, a lokaci guda an lura da shi cewa hanyar tana inganta kuma nan da nan ba da daɗewa ba za a iya zuwa sabon matakin.

Meteorites suna da hankalin su ba masana kimiyya ba ne kawai, masu saka jari, masu buƙira da fadada jikin mutum a cikin seconds na zamani, barin baya Wani mummunan rauni mai haske da ji na lamba tare da sarari mara iyaka. Amma ba za a manta da al'adar kimiyya cewa, tare da kyakkyawa, metorite yana ɗaukar barazanar gaske ga bil'adama. Sabili da haka, aikin gano abubuwan da aka samar da abubuwan haifar da abubuwan da suka haifar da kusan ƙasa zuwa ƙasa kada ta shuɗe daga ajanda.