Biography
In mid-October 2016, Novaya Gazeta talked to one of the leading Russian philologists-classics and an expert on antique Greece Nikolai Greenzer about the fate of the humanitarian person of the present century and his relationship with politics, society, past and present. In an interview, a scientist, in addition to the approval that knowledge of ancient languages will help understand everyone else, declared the similarity of the poem of the Gennady Zyuganov's speeches, pointed to the same construction models.Fate
Thanks to Hesiod, who manifested himself as an innovator in several aspects of literature, his brief biography reached this day and valuable information about early life.
From the famous work "Works and Days" it follows that his father was born on the territory of an aoline kim in Malaya Asia (there, if you believe the sources, in the VIII century BC. Er The future poet appeared on the world) and was a navigator. Then he moved to Beotic, settling in a small village of Askeh, lying at the foot of the Helikon.
Some scientists, interpreting the reason for the move, believed that the man was forced due to the perfect serious crime, other nominated the version that this happened due to debts. In a new place, where shrill winds constantly blew in the winter, and in the summer he reigned the exhausting heat, the man was engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding, and his eldest son actively helped him.
The author also pointed out in his poem the names of the parents of Diy and Picimeda (but, according to researchers, they were fictional) and the brother, with which, after the death of the Father, a litigation came due to inheritance. Gesiod lost the case, because his opponent bribed the judges, and knew a poverty.
Subsequently, Persians, accustomed to the woven, luxurious and wasteful life together with his wife, broke up and again began to threaten a blood relative with regular disassembly, which was probably forced the last to leave his native land. Where it was concretely sent by Hesiod, it is unknown, but most likely that in Navpact.
The cause of the death of the poet in the VII century BC. NS. It is closely connected with a personal life - according to legend, he stayed at the locomotive city of more than the friends of Amphifan and Ganiktor. And those suddenly suspected him in a secret connection with their sister, grabbed Nemoysky Zeus in the sanctuary and killed. The body thrown into the sea, after 3 days they carried the dolphins to the coast at the moment when the locals gathered for the holiday. Hesiod buried in Major, and then his remains were transported to ocher.
The criminals soon suffered punishment: they were either drowned out of the outrageous Larkers, who pretended to fire their home, or Zeus himself wrapped anger and broke their ship when the killers tried to run.
Creation
In the Prologue of Theogonia, the poet told the readers that in his youth, when he pass the flock of sheep in the vicinity of Ascra, the muses came to him, put the gift of divine chants and handed the rhape symbol."Muses gave me a rod, a sprayer of a green lavert, and breathed in me the divine gift of chants so that I, glorifying the gods, arranged the coming and spoke of the last. They commanded me to chant the eternal genus of the gods, remembering the muses at the beginning and at the end of the chants, "he wrote.Hesiod became the first ancient Greek poet, indicating its name on his own works. Before him, no one has matched for personal authorship, including the Great Homer. It reached this day several of his works, written by a hexameter at the epic Ionian dialect.
In the "works and days" ("works and days"), in addition to the editable appeals to the younger brother and attempts to direct the true way, the creator shared his own worldview and showed a pessimistic attitude towards the modern world, comparing the current iron age with the past gold.
The essay is replete with proverbs, sayings, signs, practical instructions and detailed descriptions of the work of the farmer and the navigator, contains a detailed statement of the myths about Prometheus, the five centuries of human life and even the fastener about the falcon (hawk), confused by nightingale.
In the "Theogony", the writer attempted to systematize and gave some logical harness of various myths about the origin of the gods and their offspring. In the "origin of the gods", the main characters (about 300 mentioned) are depicted as simple mortals: they love, beyond, hate, be friends, envy and fight for power.
"I did not have holy books, such as the Torah of the ancient Jews, the Bible among the following Christians, the ancient Greeks in the poems of Homer and Gesiod found answers to questions about how the world had occurred. The works of Gesiod were extremely revered in ancient Greece, and he himself was considered one of the great wise men, "said Dr. Historical Sciences Sergey Perevatsev.
Also, Hesiod, in honor of which the Carters on Mercury and the Moon are called, is considered the creator of the "Women's catalog" ("EOO"), where the list of representatives of the beautiful gender, which had the offspring from the gods, was brought, and where the origin of the Greek tribes was expressed in the genealogical form. In the "Hercules Shield" in 480 verses, a fight with a pussy is depicted, after the death of the turned Arrest in the Swan, Melanmody, "Weddings of Fetold and Pelei" and other.
Memory
In the "Allala description" it is reported that in the II century in Fespios there was a certain community that owned the lands associated with the name of the Hesiod, whose members kept all local legends about him and showed visitors such relics as the official list of "Labor and Days".
In honor of the Gesiod, crater on Mercury and Crater on the moon are named.
Bibliography
- VIII - VII BC. - "Works and days" ("work and days")
- VIII - VII BC. - "Theogony" ("The Origin of the Gods")
- VIII - VII BC. - "Women's catalog" ("EOO")
- VIII - VII BC. - "Hercules Shield"
- VIII - VII BC. - "Melanmody"
- VIII-VII BC. - "Wedding Fetis and Pelia"