Biography
Joan Miro is a bright representative of Catalan art. He regarded realism as a way to maintain bourgeois society, as "killing painting", so worked in his own expressive manner. His sculptures, paintings, sketches - valuable exhibits of surrealism.Childhood and youth
Joan Miro and Ferra was born in Barcelona, the heart of Spain, April 20, 1893. The artist's national manner is called Hoan or Juan. His last name points to Jewish origin.
Miro grew in the Gothic quarter of Barcelona. Now the Museum of Contemporary Art is organized in his hometown. The exposition is the work of abstractionists, including 300 paintings, 150 sculptures, 9 products from textiles and more than 8 thousand sketches of the world itself.
The father of the artist Michel Miro Adzeria was a jeweler, and Mother Dolores Ferra gathered and cleaned the clock. Both parents assumed that Joan would follow their footsteps, but at 7 years he manifested himself to draw painting. To the horror of the Father, in 1907, Miro entered Escola de la Llotja - School of Arts and Crafts in Barcelona.
Personal life
On October 12, 1929, the wife of Johan Miro became Pilar Zhunosa. They lived a happy long life, celebrated the 50-year-old Golden Wedding. On July 17, 1930, their only daughter Maria Dolores Miro was born. The artist wanted other children, but the spouse did not get pregnant.Painting
Pictures written under the influence of Vincent Van Gogh and Fields of Cezanne, some waters and cubists, in 1918 amounted to the debut personal exhibition Johan Miro. The Spaniards did not understand abstractionism and ridiculed the young author. Probably, Miro would throw art if it were not for comrades from France.
In 1920, the artist moved to Paris. The first here was "born" one of the many Miro masterpieces - the picture "Farm" (1921). The original was collapsed for some time in the house of Ernest Hemingway. According to the genius, the writer compared the "farm" with the novel James Joyce "Ulysses", which is considered the top of modernist literature.
The first exhibition of Miro in Paris took place in 1921. Unlike Spanish, she had a tremendous success.
In 1924, Miro joined the surrealists. He moved away from classic visual art, took up the collage. In such a mixed style, a cycle "Catalan peasant" was created. Miro returned to a more representative form of creativity only in 1928 with "Dutch interiors."
Unlike contemporary-surrealists, Miro tried not to give its work a political tint. Yes, the feeling of nationalism filled his early landscapes and the cycle "Catalan peasant", but not so clearly. Only after the "birth" of the paintings "Reaper" (1937) by order of the government of Italy, the work of Miro took a politically charged meaning.
During the years of fascist occupation, Miro lived in Spain. Here he showed himself as a schedule, creating 23 constellations cycle exhibit.
In 1959, the French writer Andre Breton asked Miro to present Spain at the "Dedication of Surrealism" exhibition, along with Salvador Dali. This time the master showed himself a skillful sculptor. The series of his statuette is now decorating the Saint-Paul-de-Vans Museum.
I remember Joan Miro and in the history of the United States. Together with compatriot Jozep Royo, he created a tapestry for the International Trade Center in New York. Work on it was conducted from 1974 to 1977. Goblen became one of the most expensive works of art, lost during the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001.
In 1981, Joan Miro created, perhaps, the most famous sculpture. At first she wore the name "Sun, Moon and One Star", later renamed Miss Chicago. The statue is made of steel, grids, concrete, bronze and ceramic tiles. For a long time, the work stood in the workshop of the world unfinished. As a result, charitable funds were found on its installation.
Joan Miro loved to draw autoports. Some feature bright colors and extraordinary shapes, they are close to photography. But the work of 1960 is elementary in its performance: the artist portrayed familiar to everyone from childhood on top of an intricate pencil drawing.
Death
Joan Miro has a long biography filled with bright paintings, unusual acquaintances, tranquility of personal life. He died on December 25, 1983, in the 90th year of life. The cause of death is heart failure. The artist's body rests on the Monzika cemetery in Barcelona.Paintings
- 1922 - "Farm"
- 1924 - "Bottle of Wine"
- 1925 - "Carnival Harlequin"
- 1927 - "Blue Star"
- 1934 - "Swallow. Love"
- 1937 - "Still life with an old boot"
- 1938 - "Self-portrait"
- 1940 - "Woman and Bird"
- 1949 - "Woman, Bird and Moonlight"
- 1970 - "Woman"
- 1973 - "Woman in Night"