Biography
Erich Honekker - a man who led the GDR for almost 20 years and achieved with the support of the Soviet Union its recognition at the international level. In the middle of the 21st century, the policy was published publicly, with the fascism with fascism, in which the former subjects are accused of a challenge to Western propaganda.Childhood and youth
The head of the German Democratic Republic was born in the town of Neukirchen Earth Saar in August 1912. Erich is the fourth of six children of Shakhtar Wilhelm Honecker and his wife Catharina. The biography of the elder brother policy called in honor of the Father was cut into the Eastern Front in 1944. Both parents Erich lived over 80 years.
In 10 years, the Son of Shakhtar joined the Children's Communist Organization, at 14 - to German Komsomol, and at 17 - to the German Communist Party. After school, Erich 2 years worked as a barrack and a year and a half studied roofing skill at uncle.
In the 1930s Honekker, for 2 years he had headed the Komsomol cell, was sent to study in Moscow to the International Lenin School. The young man participated in the construction of magnets.
After returning to Saar, a young communist struggled with nation-socialism. In 1935, the Malaya Motherland Erich, who was previously located under the patronage of the League of Nations, was joined by the results of Plebiscitis to Germany, who was already led by Adolf Hitler. In the winter of 1935, Honecker fled to France, but he returned in half a year, bringing a printing machine in the luggage.
At the end of 1935, Erich was arrested, and in 1937 sentenced to 10 years in prison. In March 1945, Honecker as a reward for good behavior was sent from Bradenburg prison to repair the roof in the female penitentiary institution on Berlin Street Barimstraße.
During the airliner, the roofer escaped and spent several days from the wizard of the Lady Colony, but then returned to construction work. The master supervised the master closed his eyes to the Escape of Honecker, and the communist returned to her camera. In April, Soviet troops were liberated in April, and Erich became a strange "escape" became the subject of proceedings in the German Communist Party.
Personal life
The personal life of the German policy was very violent. Despite the small height (168 cm) and uneducation, the man enjoyed the attention of a beautiful floor. During his studies in the Lenin school, Erich on dancing met with the Soviet girl Natasha, who became the first love of the young communist.In December 1946, Honecker married Charlotte Shanuel. The woman was older Erich for 9 years old and under Hitler worked as an oversight of a female prison of Barminstraße. It was Sanuel sheltered Erich after escaping in the spring of 1945 from repairing a roof, and then persuaded a young lover to voluntarily return to his prison. Six months after the wedding, Charlotte died. The cause of death has become a brain tumor.
In December 1949, Honecker marked marriage with the co-founder of the Union free German youth and the Democratic Women's League, Edith Bauman, with which he became close to the first wife. The second spouse was older Erich for 3 years.
In 1950, Eric's daughter was born in the communist family, but Erich had already met new love. From Margot Faist who led Pioneer GDR, a man got together during a joint trip to Moscow for the birthday of Joseph Stalin. The girl was younger than Erich for 15 years.
After returning to Berlin, a man often remained overnight among margot. An indignant to the behavior of her husband, Edith, wrote complaints to the leadership of the Communist Party of the GDR, but in 1952 the Faist also gave birth to Erich daughter. The girl called Sonya. In 1953, a man divorced Edith and married Margot, who lived before his death.
The second spouse of the head of the GDR died in 1973, and the third - in 2016. Marriage Sony Honekker with Chilean Leonardo Yanes Betancourt allowed her elderly parents to get political asylum in Santiago.
Politics
In May 1945, Honecker met the German Communist Henry Male, from the autumn of 1941, who was in Kuibyshev and served in the city on the Volga re-education of German prisoners of war. Erich's career rapidly went up. Honecker became co-founder and chairman of the Union of German Youth. After the first youth festival in Berlin, the son of Shakhtar was elected a candidate for the Politburo SEPG (Socialist United Party of Germany).
In the mid-50s of the 20th century, Honecker was on party studies in Moscow and attended the exposure of Nikita Khrushchev's cult of the personality of Joseph Stalin. In 1961, Erich made one of the initiators and the organizer of the construction of the Berlin Wall, dividing the city to the Western and Eastern part.
In 1971, Honecker followed the example of Brezhnev, which was shifting Khrushchev, and sent the first secretary of the Central Committee of Segg Walter Ulbricht, who had a relatively liberal domestic policy, to the "pension for health state". Like the Moscow Comrade, Erich subsequently renamed himself to the Secretary-General.
Although Eastern Germany, who worked in the GDR, seemed to be a focus of economic freedom with an abundance of goods and cozy restaurants, Honecker during the reign of the economy was conducted. The country's constitution included the postulate on the emergence of the "German Socialist Nation". Dissent is suppressed by special services. In foreign policy, Honecker followed everything for the Soviet Union.
With the coming to power in the USSR, Mikhail Gorbachev, the position of the head of the GDR was shaken. In October 1989, Erich was removed from his position, and on December 5, they accused the state treasure and abuse of authority to enrich. In January 1990, the Honecker was evicted from the house occupied.
In May 1990, Germany and the GDR merged into a single German state, whose head became Helmut. Economic accusations against Honecker turned out to be fiction. The ideological guilt for the shootings of Eastern Herman citizens who tried to overcome the Berlin wall and escape to the West, the old communist acknowledged. In his justification, Erich said that the number of victims of the American campaign in Vietnam is thousands of times more than among the fugitives from the GDR.
After flight to the USSR from the United Germans in March 1991, Honeckers patronized Gennady Yanaev, Dmitry Yazov and Vladimir Kryuchkov. However, after 5 months, Erich's Kremlin friends organized a failed August coup, and the situation of the German Communist deteriorated sharply. Politician was forced to return to Germany, where he spent 169 days in the Moabit prison before receiving permission to fly to Chile.
Death
The experiences in connection with the collapse of the career caused the policy of developing a cancer tumor in the kidney, which was discovered during the operation to remove the gallbladder. In January 1990, Honecker learned that he had cancer, from a television release of news. 4 days after the news of the former leader of the GDR, the tumor was removed, but she managed to give metastases to the liver, which were revealed in October of the same year.
Honecker's cancer served as the main reason for the liberation of the old man from prison and obtaining permission to fly to Chile. A veteran of German politics died on May 29, 1994 in Santiago.