Biography
The founder of the Barbizon School of Painting Jean-Francois Mill passed the way from the Peasant Son to the Golden Medalist of the Paris World Exhibition. The biography and creativity of the artist inspired the brand of Twain to writing the story "He was alive or died?", And the photo Mill made the father of the French photograph of Felix Nadar, who shot Charles Bodler, Emil Zol and Richard Wagner.Childhood and youth
The artist was born in the north of France in the year of the first renunciation of Napoleon Bonaparte from the throne in the wealthy peasant family. Parents Jean-Louis Nicolas and Amy Anriet Adelaide reacted to the talent of Jean-Francois as a gift for God's gift and in 20 years sent her son in Cherbourg to learn the artist's craft.
The young man, thanks to the uncle-priest, not only the literacy, but also read in adolescence of Monteneya, La Fontaine, Shakespeare and Viktor Hugo, began with copying the works of Spanish and Dutch painters. In 1837, Mille entered the Paris School of Fine Arts. Mentor Jean-Francois was the artist Paul Deerosh.
Personal life
About the personal life of the artist knows little. The first wife of Jean-Francois is the daughter of the Tailor Polina. It shown in Mill 1841. The woman died 3 years after the wedding. The cause of death has become tuberculosis.In 1853, Mille married the former Catherine Leer's former maid. The second spouse gave the painter of nine children.
Painting
Mill can be called Nekrasov French Painting. Like the Russian verse, the artist reflected in the works not so much the Pezanskaya poetry, how much the severity of peasant labor. The picture of the "Collectors of the Kohl" contemporaries found a tendency: three women pick up spikelets left after the harvest.
The style in which Millus created the canvas is undoubtedly a realism of both the truthfulness of the images and artistic means. However, many art historians consider paintings by Jean-Francois Forerunner Impressionism. Landscape "Coast in Greville" resembles the work of the Cezanne field.
The picture "The Sewer", in which Mille rose to the creation of a generalized image of the peasant, copied Vincent Van Gogh himself. The canvas "Angela", filled with a tragedy, quoted Salvador Dali.
Mille never painted landscapes from nature. For walks, the artist made sketches, which then used in the paintings. The nuances of the peasant work, Jean-Francois, remembered since childhood and, it seems, it sought to recreate on the canvas all stages of agricultural production. So, the painting "harvest", created in 1855, after 7 years the artist supplemented "planting potatoes."
Over the years, Mille's pessimism decreased. If the picture of 1859, the peasant, the grazing cow was called the manifesto poverty, then the last cloth of the artist "Spring" is filled with love for nature and painted with bright strokes.
Death
Jean-Francois passed away in January 1875. Mille's grave is located on the Cemetery of Shai-An-Bierre in the Department of Sen and Marna. The house in Barbizon, in which Jean-Francois lived from 1849 to death, in 1922 he became the artist's museum.Paintings
- 1841 - "Portrait of Polina It"
- 1848 - "Mouselier"
- 1850 - "Sewer"
- 1850-1853 - "Refrigerations on vacation"
- 1852 - "Peasants with a twig"
- 1854 - "Woman, Panching Bread"
- 1855 - "Cleaning of potatoes"
- 1857 - "Collected Collectors"
- 1857-1859 - "Angela"
- 1859 - "Death and Drops"
- 1862 - "Planting potatoes"
- 1863 - The Goose Girl
- 1866 - "Winter Landscape with Raves"
- 1874 - "Night Hunt for Birds"
- 1874 - "Haystacks: autumn"