Biography
Pierre Curie is called a person who made a tangible contribution to the research of radioactivity, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. He spent a lot of time in the exercises, including with his wife Maria Sklodovskaya-Curie. The Frenchman made important discoveries in the field of magnetism, crystallography and piezoelectricity.Childhood and youth
Pierre was born in the spring of 1859 in the French capital, there were also the first years of his biography. His mother was a daughter of the manufacturer and the doctor, his father worked as a doctor. Together with him in the family, another child was brought up. Before receiving education in the university, he studied at home, relatives helped him in this, including her older brother.
The boy's interest in the exact sciences woke up at the age of 14, seeing this, the parents hired a professor of mathematics for him, with whom he regularly engaged. Pierre was a talented student and acquired knowledge soon demonstrated in the University of Paris, for which at the age of 16 he received a bachelor's degree degree, and in 18 became the license of physical sciences.
Personal life
With the future wife, Maria Sklodovskaya-Curie Pierre met in 1894. She came from the Russian Empire to Sorbonne to learn mathematics and physics. The man immediately fell in love, and in a year they played a wedding, as there was no money, they arranged a simple marriage ceremony. The money acquired by relatives acquired bicycles, at which they subsequently traveled all the depths of France.Curie is lucky in his personal life, as he met not only love, but also a partner for writing works. Two children were born in marriage, both daughters - Irene and Eve.
The science
Curie began to work early. Already at 18, he was a laboratory assistant and together with his brother studied mineralogy. Then Pierre started research of uranium compounds mined from different places. A wife pushed to this man, which for writing a doctoral dissertation was trying to disassemble the phenomenon described in many books, in which uranium constantly emits radiation.
To establish the truth, the scientist made measurements of the degree of ionization of the air, as a result of which he came to the amazing conclusion that uranium from different deposits could demonstrate the ionization differential. This gave the opportunity to the physics to assume that in the uranium resin deception, in addition to the uranium itself, is likely to have another radioactive substance.
The enormous achievement of Pierre and Mary began the article after this, telling about the officials of Polonia, the new radioactive element was called in honor of Poland, which had to be home to the spouse physics. Following this, the writings of the couple led to the discovery of another element - radium, whose radioactivity (like polonium) has many times higher than this indicator in uranium. Moreover, the spouses could patent their discovery, but did not make it, preferring to leave it to people free.
It is worth noting that the family lived is not bubbling, as a laboratory room, they used a storage room at the institute, and later rented a barn, where until 1902 recycled eranny. In huge chains, a chemical separation of the material was conducted, and the collected analyzes were further investigated at the local school, where they were allocated to a tiny, almost not equipped with the necessary inventory of the room.
Obtained one for two Nobel Prize allowed the pair to purchase the necessary equipment for the laboratory, they bought a bath for the remaining means. It became a tremendous success for them, which helped with the appointment of scientists for new positions. Pierre became like a professor to teach physics in Sorbonne, and then he was elected an academician at all and got into the French Academy of Sciences.
Death
Perhaps Pierre would have made other discoveries, but the sudden death of the scientist did not allow him to do this. Somehow in the evening, the man returned home, it was raining on the street, the roads were how many. Turning the street, Curie slipped and fell, the cause of death was an equestrian carriage, the wheel of which hit Curie and crushed his head.In memory of the great scientist in the Soviet Union and Bulgaria, at one time released brands with photos of Pierre Curie, and later the International Astronomical Union assigned his name to Krastra located on the other side of the moon.
Achievements
- Opening of piezoelectric effect
- Opening FION
- Opening Radium