Biography
Foocrit - an ancient Greek poet, the memory of which has been preserved for centuries thanks to the works that the author called idilations. The writer is considered a representative of the bucolic, that is, the shepherd genre of poetry.Fate
Historians believe that Foocritus was born about 300 to n. NS. Set the date of the appearance of the poet is not easy due to the lack of reliable data. Syracuse became the homeland writer, but other sources assure that it could be the island of Kos. In most cases, experts stop in the first version. In the youthful years, Foocrita was on the spit, which at that time was considered the place of concentration of the Greek intelligentsia.
The movement of the young man was essential for his biography, as he became a student of the Koskoy, the poet, whose authorship belongs to the Alexandrian Elegy. Foocrita did not imitate the mentor, and was inspired by the medium in which he had a chance to be.
The status of the ward was helped to join the members of the poets of Spit, where the custom existed to take new shepherd names. So, Foocritus became Symirus. In Sicily, the shepherd life was chased at that time, and the poetry of such a genre was in demand. Later, Foocrit returned to Sicily, but the reasons for decision making are unknown. He preferred the position of a distinctive free wrister of the status of the court poet.
The first literary experiments of the author were not successful, and he decided to attract attention to his own creativity. The poet created the poem "Gieron", dedicated to the Sicilian ruler, but the work was not in demand. The king did not appreciate the laudatory OD.
Foocritus decided to wait for the right moment by choosing the object of chanting the Egyptian king Ptolemya II Philadelphus. The ruler comes from the island of Kos turned out to be loyal to the wrister. Men were familiar and maintained a warm relationship. Being an educated king, Ptolemy invited the poet to the court.
Creation
Works of feocrite are called idyll. These are verses that describe household events and sketches of rural or urban life. The author did the main characters of the works of ordinary people whose worldview is not burdened with the breadth and the presence of deep knowledge. Some works were mimes, peculiar scenes that were accompanied by music or presented without it. Sicily became the birthplace of such a direction of dramatic art.Feocrit wrote a hexameter and on a doric dialect, but the poet's poetic syllable was distinguished from the traditional ancient Greek verbal construction. After the 4th foot, the second cesura was followed, thanks to which a pause appeared, and the speaker voiced poems could translate his breath.
The works of the author had a structure similar to the usual drama. Initially, the reader got acquainted with the prologue. More often, he described the dispute of two characters, lovers in one girl. Then there was an agon - the vocal contest of heroes. Following the peripetia and the epilogue, which covered the name of the winner and the applicant on the heart of the heroine.
Works of Foocrita laid the beginning of the Foocritian bucolic. The genre had two directions - love and realistic. Later he was developed by Poet Gerod.
It is believed that the literary heritage of Foocrit consists of 57 works, including 24 epigrams, as well as mimes, encomia (laudatory songs), love lyrics, the works of small shape, called epitles and epylographs. Of the 12 preserved bucolic, it is reliably known that 8 creations belong to Peru Foocrit. The remaining 4 cause disputes of specialists and could be assigned to the author.
Foocritics differ not only by names, but also by numbering. In the work under No. 1, we are talking about the tragic death of the shepherd of Daphnis described by the shepherd by Tirscis. The protagonist was chastity and proud, so I did not want to obey the love charms, soaked at Him Aphrodite. This was the cause of the death of the character.
Verse No. 2 does not have specifically the shepherd topics. It describes the story of a girl who, with the help of magic, trying to establish a personal life and return the love of the chosen one. The author describes the magic rite committed under the lunar light, and introduces the reader with the feelings of the heroine. The essay number 11 also has romantic topics and tells about the feelings of the cyclop of the polyfem, the mythical shepherd, to Galatee.
In the work number 7, we are talking about the poetic dispute of buddies sent to the landowner to celebrate the phaliasia. This is a realistic sketch, to the number of which also refers to the bucolic number 4. It reveals the essence of the conversation of the shepherd of Batt and the subpaska of the corridor, which communicate about the household nuances of life.
A mansion in the bibliography of Foocrita are works related to the Alexandria era. Poem No. 14 tells about the decision of the decision to move to the court of Ptolemy, and the essay number 17 is a hooked song in honor of the ruler. The second was not as sincere as the poem "Gieron", but its form turned out to be more aesthetic. Work No. 15 - Symbiosis of dramatic sketch and bucolic. It describes a visit to the female adonis female siracuses, arranged by Queen. The author describes the tour of the guests to the palace and the pastime at the event.
The following works are occupied by the following works: No. 13 tells about the fate of the argonaut of Hilas abducted by the nymphs, No. 24 describes the feat of the young herakla, strangled in the cradle of snakes, No. 18 illuminates the wedding of Elena and Menela.
A feature of the works of Foocrita was the skill of mood broadcast. The author described the harmonious nature, using precisely chosen words as a means of artistic expressiveness. They turned out to be relevant not only in content, but also in size. Experimenting with a syllable, Foocrit wrote works No. 28, 29 and 30 using elegic distorts. In the same amount, he composed several epigramms and Sirring verse.
The author did not create a collection of works, so after death was undeservedly forgotten. After a half century after his death, interest in the works of feocrite increased again. 9 idylls were published. Next published another 17 essays.
Bibliography
- IV "Shepherds"
- V "Shepherd of Goats"
- VI "Shephealthy Songs"
- VII "Harvest Holiday"
- X "Zhntsy"
- XI "Kickles"
- XX "Young Raver"
- XVI "Harita or Gieron"
- XXVII "Seduced"
- XXVI "Vakhanki"
- XIII "Gilas"
- XVIII "Elena Hosphate"
- XXVIII "spindle"
- XXIV "Small Hercules"
- XXV "Hercules killing a lion"