Biography
Georges Mel Mesh is a French director, one of the founders of the fantastic genre in cinema. Thanks to him, several directions and techniques have appeared, which for a long time was applied by followers.Childhood and youth
Marie-Georges-Jean Mel Mel was born on December 8, 1861. Family lived in Paris, the boy's father owned a shoe factory. Business flourished, and it was assumed that George would take part in family. Having received a higher education, he became an employee of the Technical Department of the Melites factory. But a young man liked to engage in the creation of a caricature, a visit to Music Halls and operetta.
Georges dreamed of tie his biography with the work of the artist, but his father believed that such an occupation would not be profitable. Therefore, the older melons sent the Son to London to study English. In the British capital, Georges discovered focal depricted theaters and brought acquaintance with Illusionist David Devint. He returned to his homeland with the arsenal of card foci, which began to demonstrate in urban events.
To go against the will of the Son was useless. The father has come to accept and financed the acquisition of the White Magic Theater "Robert Udan". After his founder left the scene, the theater lasted and emit, but George managed to restore the enterprise. His hobbies found here realization. The enthusiast did sketches of scenery, wrote scenarios and created focus automata.
At concerts collected from comic sketches, Mel Mel demonstrated numbers with special effects with the participation of several actors at once. In the future, the events participated chores Shatle from the Opera Theater.
In 1895, Melhes saw the first film of the Lumiere brothers and inspired the idea of cinema.
Personal life
The post-war period did not make the melons of the opportunity to rehabilitate. For some time, the director worked as a decorator in the Stuttgart Theater, then there was a seller of toys on Montparnasse. He was supported by the spouse - actress Zhanna D'Essi. She was the second leader's wife. The first Genina Eugeni passed away in 1913, leaving her husband to the daughter of Georgette and Son Andre.In the second marriage, Mel Mesh took a mature man. His wife was 60 years old, and she tried in every way to help her husband recover in the profession. Despite the peripetics of fate, George Mel was happy in his personal life.
Films
In 1896, Georges Mel's bought in the UK the first film camera and began to show the audience the films attached to it. The man began to conduct experiments, self-shooting on the camera. At first, he removed the numbers with the participation of circus and illusionist artists.
Georges captured the street movement, and once the illuminated film came across his reflections and unusual samples. Cutting a frame, he got glued images and thus developed a stop camera. In the future, the tricks with slow and accelerated shooting appeared in the same way. In addition to copyright cells, Mel Mel used the ideas of the workshop partners.
In 1896, the light saw the "Part Party" tape. A year later, in the country, near Paris, Georges built a small pavilion with a special equipment for tricks - hatches, cameras for the camera, lifts and a black velvet background. Cinematographer first tried to take a step from black and white to the color film. To do this, he painted the frames of the tape with a tassel manually. Pracking work was highly appreciated by the audience.
The studio quickly paid off and began to generate income. In 1897, Mel Mill removed about 60 short films. His favorite genre was the extravaganza, to which the tapes "Coronation of Edward VII" and "In the Kingdom of Fay".
Among the first popular films of Georges Meles were the "Cabinet of Mephistofel" and "Faust and Margarita". Studio Master specialized in cinematic experiments. Here were experiments with a synchronous recording of sound and unusual effects. In the period from 1900 to 1905, Mel Mel released the tape "Orchestra", "Journey to the Moon", "20 thousand Lei underwater" and others. These paintings were distinguished by innovative technical solutions. Using gaming stages and a pre-written script, the director created the staged spectacle.
It is worth noting that the creative activity of Mel Mesh combined with social work. He was the president of the French cinematic syndicate, and also served as chairman of the first international cinematic congresses.
Pioneer of the cinema made a great contribution to the development of art, having endowed movies and shielding well-known literary plots. In 1902, the company "Starfilm" was opened. Mel is still worked with favorite techniques, but the field of cinema developed a rapid pace. The director began to lag behind. There are followers and imitators of the master. Some of his tapes were copied, and special effects no longer seemed as striking.
Self-taught artist, Mel Mel did a bet on theatrical experience, removing in the scenery, refusing to work on nature and limiting the creative possibilities of scenic conventions. Realism in cinema at this point took the top of the fabulous felt. In 1909, Georges Melites began cooperation with the company "Brothers Pat", but it did not save him from the collapse. After 4 years, the studio went bankrupt, and the director lost Villa and Pavilion. They were bought by Charles Pat.
The heritage of George Melhes was distinguished by an amazing thoroughness of building illusion. In his paintings, Misanszen combined, acting, costumes, light, layouts, as well as theatrical unity of space, time and action. Being an experimenter, George turned out to be a bad doller. He invented hidden installation and multiple exposure, but failed to make his company commercially beneficial.
The director filmography has about four hundred names. During World War I, Mel Mel no longer filmed a movie. He experienced a creative crisis, broke and was unjustly forgotten.
Death
In the last years of the life of Mel, journalists found in the archives of the film with the films of the director, and the cultural community again remembered the film figure. True, he did not return to work. Cinematographic society, with the support of the grandmother of the director, arranged him in the nursing home in Eagle. There Mel wrote memoirs and gave an interview, using the position of the "Father of the Cinema". The director died in 1938. The cause of death was a malignant tumor. The grave of George Melhes is located in Paris in the cemetery of Per Lashez.Filmography
- 1896 - "Watering"
- 1897 - "Cabinet Mephistofel"
- 1897 - "Faust and Margarita"
- 1900 - "Orchestra" man
- 1902 - "Journey to the Moon"
- 1902 - "The eruption of the volcano on Martinique"
- 1903 - "In the kingdom of fairies"
- 1904 - "Journey through the impossible"
- 1906 - "Militers"
- 1907 - "Hamlet"
- 1907 - "History of Civilization"
- 1907 - "Two hundred miles under water, or a fisherman's nightmare"
- 1908 - "Raid Paris - New York by car"
- 1911 - "Hallucinations of Baron Münhghausen"
- 1913 - "Travel Family Burrishon"