Biography
Sergey Botkin is an outstanding scientist, teacher and health organizer. The contribution of the clinician in medicine is difficult to overestimate. He is the first ethnically Russian doctor of the royal family.Childhood and youth
The doctor was born in September 1832 in the family of the Moscow merchant of the 1st Guild, which was engaged in tea trafficking. Sergey - the eleventh child of Peter Kononovich Botkin, who did in two marriages of 25 children, of which they survived 14.
According to family legends, Serezhu considered "stupid": to read the boy learned only by nine years. Father even wanted to give a stupid son in soldiers. But the older brothers, primarily Vasily, noticed that Sergey Silen in arithmetic. Peter Kononovich changed his mind and hired a mother of a home teacher - a student of Moscow University A. F. Merchinsky.
In 15 years, Sergei entered the private guest house L. Enhesis, who trained the sons of rich merchants and foreigners living in Moscow. Botkin was going to tie a biography with mathematics, but at the time of the end of the boarding school of the Pension Emperor Nicholas I limited the rights of Nedanian offspring for higher education. The doors to the medical faculty for merchant sons remained open, and Sergey decided to become a doctor.
Personal life
The personal life of the doctor was very saturated. Sergey Petrovich was married twice and presented the life of six sons and seven daughters. Part of Botkin's offspring did not live to adulthood. The first wife of Dr. Anastasia, who died in 40 years from Leicoza, accounted for the sister of the playwright to Viktor Krylov, the second Ekaterina - the daughter of General Alexei Obolensky.A large number of family members led to the relationships of Botkin with many Russian celebrities. Sergey Petrovich's sister married the poet Athanasius Feta, Daughter Lyudmila - for a relative of the author's "Cherry Garden" Peter Dmitrievich Chekhov.
Therapist was friends with artists Ilya Repin, the archup of Queenji, Valentin Serov and Sergey Makovsky. Among Botkin's patients were Chemist Dmitry Mendeleev, writer Fyodor Dostoevsky, Poet Nikolai Nekrasov, lawyer Anatoly Koni, composer Miliya Balakirev. Nekrasov dedicated Botkin to the chapter of the poem "Who in Russia live well", and Balakirev's eldest daughter of Medica Anastasia - Lullaby.
Sergey Petrovich earned a lot, but descended the money to the parties with friends. In the rare leisure hours, he played the cello.
The Third Son of Sergey Petrovich - Life Medica of the Tsarist Family Evgeny Botkin. The man divided the fate of close autocrats, shot in 1918 in Yekaterinburg. Canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1981. The son of the Russian Saint Gleb Evgenievich Botkin is the founder and bishop of the Neo-language Church of Aphrodite. Evgeny Sergeyevich's grandson from the daughter of Tatiana Konstantin Melnik in his youth participated in French resistance, in the 60s of the 20th century coordinated the activities of the French special services.
An interesting fact: two more sons of Sergey Petrovich, the firstborn Sergey and the fourth of Alexander's seniority, went in the footsteps of the Father, becoming doctors. The fate of the doctors brothers are similar: both married the daughters of Pavel Tretyakov, Sasha and Masha. The therapist also became the daughter of Sergei Petrovich Catherine.
The medicine
In 1855, Botkin received the title of Lekary with honors. Years at the Faculty of Faculty of Faculty of Sergey with a classmate Ivan Sechenov, but in general, in the Moscow University, a man remained dissatisfied: future doctors, in his opinion, did not teach thinking about the causes and relationships of disease. The choice of botack therapy, and not surgery as a professional path is explained by the myopia Sergey Petrovich.
A young doctor started a labor biography by the alternator of the Simferopol hospital. In the Crimean war, Botkin formed the main provisions of military medicine, sticking and dietary wounded fighters.
In 1860, Sergey Petrovich after internships in Berlin and Vienna defended his doctoral dissertation at the St. Petersburg Surgery Academy. In the year of the abolition of the serfdom of Botkin headed the clinic of the therapy of the institution.
The man formulated three therapist postulates - to set up a patient to a victory over the ailment, to treat is not illness and not an organ, but the body is entirely to form a medium that promotes recovery. To other achievements of Sergey Petrovich include:
- Description of the clinic and proof of the infectious nature of hepatitis A, the disease named by Botkin;
- the creation of Russian sanitary services and emergency medical care systems at home;
- Organization of climatic resorts in Crimea;
- Development of female medical education.
Death
Sergey Petrovich died in December 1889. The cause of the death of the therapist was myocardial infarction. The grave of the physician is located at the Novodevichy Cemetery of St. Petersburg.
In 25 years, Sergei Petrovich, the artist Mikhail Botkin, found the last shelter. Thanks to Mikhail Petrovich, the image of the therapist is captured not only in the photo, but also in a picturesque portrait.