Biography
ABU-L-Valid Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Al-Kurtby (Ibn Rushd) in Western Europe is known as Averroes. He was a physician and philosopher, the founder of Averroism, the author of the work on logic, theology, psychology and politics.Childhood and youth
Ibn Rushd was born on April 14, 1126 in the city of Cordoba, in Spain. The Father was an influential Kadium (judge), under his leadership, the son studied theology, Muslim law, medicine and philosophy. The teachers of Ibn Rushda performed the largest scientists of the XII century. Theorists suggest that Abu-Jafar Harun, who taught Averroes medicine, influenced his philosophical knowledge. The mentor was familiar with the teachings of Aristotle and passed his knowledge of Ibn Rushdu.
The man consisted of friendly relations with Ibn scholars. That in 1168 introduced a friend with Caliph Abu Yakub. Seeing Averroes for the first time, the ruler asked him a question, whether the sky is eternal or has a certain principle. Ibn Rushd was embarrassed, which I could not say a word. Soon the tension was gone, and the philosopher shared his thoughts with the Caliph. Then Abu Yakub ordered to give a man's horse, money and clothing.
On the interesting case, Ibn Rushd repeatedly told followers, and those - the rest of the people. Thanks to this, the story through generation has reached these days. The ruler gave Averroes a task to translate the book of Aristotle and maintain the work with comments. Thus, a man became a representative of Eastern Aristotleism. The translation of the compositions of the ancient Greek philosopher contributed to the spread of his treatises in Europe.
On the medieval east of Aristotle was a significant figure due to the fact that his philosophy helped to understand Muslim concepts. Therefore, in solving the problems of ontology and gnoseology, Ibn Rushd followed his teachings. Often a man in the comments tried to solve the issues remaining open after the death of the philosopher. This is especially seen in the writings "about the soul" and "metaphysics".
In 1171, Averroes became the Kadium of Sylvia, and after - Cordoba. After 11 years, Khalif appointed Ibn Rushda to a personal lamp. After the death of the ruler, Abu Yusuf Yakub asked the throne, which in 1195 ordered the destruction of the works of the philosopher in geography, astronomy, arithmetic, and the man was expelled to the settlement near Cordoba.
Personal life
Ibn Rushd was married, but there are no information about his spouse and children. The biography of the philosopher consists of scientific activities that overshadow information about personal life.Scientific activity
The man made a rather great contribution to medicine by writing the ColliGet Encyclopedia, the name of which is translated as a "system". The main work of Ibn Rushda is the book "Refuture of refutation", another its name is "inconsistency of inconsistency." In labor, the author expressed his disagreement with the theologian al-Gazali and his writing of the "refutation of philosophers", in which philosophical views are disputed.
After the death of Averroes, his supporters continued to follow the direction that was named Averroism. The philosophical course was interpreted by the teachings of Aristotle, and Ibn Rushd became the founder of this concept. The main ideas of Averroism were in the existence of a single truth, which can be achieved through philosophy and religion.
Averroists put forward the theory of dual truth. This concept assumes that the truth is in religion and philosophy. Both directions are contradictory, so the Ibn Rushda supporters were created about two independent truths, each of which is faithful and independent of each other.
Death
In 1197, Khalif called Ibn Rushda to the court. During opals, the health of the philosopher suffered. A year later, Averroest died in Morocco. The exact cause of the death of a man is unknown. After 3 months, his body at the request of the relatives was sent to Cordvo. During his lifetime, he managed to contribute to natural science, philosophy, theology, psychology.Memory
- 1947 - the book "Searches Averroes", by Jorge Louis Bruheses
- 1976 - The International Astronomical Union assigned the name Ibn Rushda Kratera on the visible side of the moon
- 1997 - Fate film (director Yusef Shahin), telling about the life of Ibn Rushda
- 1998 - The Philosopher Foundation, established an annual Ibn Rushda award for the struggle for democracy and freedom of thought in the Islamic world
Bibliography
- 1902 - "reasoning, which makes a decision regarding the relationship between religion and philosophy. Addition. Book on opening ways of argument Dogm community »
- 1930 - "Discover refutation"
- 1947 - "Paraphrase to metaphysics"
- 1947 - "TRACTS"
- 1950 - "Middle Comment on the book" About the Soul ""
- 1960 - "The reasoning about the possibility of a compound with the material intelligence of the mind of an active"
- 1967 - "Middle Comment to Rhetoric" "