Biography
Evdokia Lopukhina, nee Praskovya Illarionna Lopukhin, is the first wife of Peter I, who gave birth to the heir to the throne, Tsarevich Alexei. She is the last not foreign Russian queen, equal to the monarch's husband by origin.Childhood and youth
Evdokia Lopukhin was born in the village of Silverin in the Meshovsky district of August 9 (July 30) of 1669. Her family was not rich, but the men of this kind served the sovereign and enjoyed the respect of Streltsov. The girl's father was a roundabout and shooting head. After the wedding, the daughter received the status of Boyarin and the monarch advisor, as well as the new name Fyodor Abrahamovich.
The girl was brought up in the humility and worship of the father's jets. In his youth, his free watches, she spent behind the needlework and other classes inherent in the women of the time. In 19 years, Lopukhin was sucking for Peter Alekseevich Romanova, who was 16 at that time. The bride was transported to the Preobrazhenskoye, where relatives were following the young people. Before the marriage, they saw only a couple of times.
Personal life
The entire subsequent biography of Evdokia Lopukhina was associated with the royal courtyard and solutions of relatives who were in power. The bride of the future king, she became by the will of Natalia Naryshkin. Peter's mother hoped that a faithful family of the daughter-in-law, if necessary, would rise to the defense of the Son.Having succumbed to the will of the mother, Peter Alekseevich married Evdokia in 1689 in the near Moscow Church of the Preobrazhensky Palace. Marriage Translated Tsarevich to a new status. Now he was considered adults, which means that the regent of the regent of Sophia Alekseevna could have been adopted.
The views of the newlyweds diverged almost in all. According to Boris Ivanovich Kurakina, married to the sister of the queen, the first time between the spouses were warm relationships, but the girl could not find an approach to her husband. Pupil in the traditions of Domostroja, Evdokia did not please the young spouse inspired by Western wonder.
Soon, Natalia Kirillovna was disappointed in his choice, realizing that the daughter-in-law failed to keep the ambitions of the Son. The Evdokia family turned out to be uneducated than caused disjointness and gossip among the courtesy, fearful that loophins may have claims to the throne.
In the first 3 years of marriage, the wife gave birth to Peter three children, of which two sons died in infancy. Alexey's firstborn, which appeared in the 1690th, survived.
1692 brought new tests to the personal life of the pair. The romantic relationship between the king and Anna Mons, the girls from the German Sloboda were strengthened. They were lovers. Peter observed decency and held back emotions in the life of the mother, but after her death in 1694 stopped even supporting correspondence with his wife. Lopukhina lived in the palace and brought up the heir to the throne. Otherwise, it was not considered.
Evdokia hoped that the death of mother-in-law would help to strengthen in their status and bring authority, because now she was a full queen. But relatives were removed from their posts, Peter exiled a father and brothers, and in 1697 she ordered her to take a victim. By opposing the decree of the spouse, Lopukhina explained it by the fact that he could not throw on the arbitrary of a 7-year-old son.
In 1698, the connection with Anna Mons was spoken of all. Returning from the UK, Peter drove to his mistress. A week later, he met with a legitimate wife and again demanded liberation from marriage in the form of monocities. Queen refused. A few weeks later, she was sent to the monastery under the supervision of Streltsov.
In 1709, living with nuns, Evdokia became acquainted with Major Stepan Glebov. The congregation of a couple organized a confessor. Between the Lopukhina and Glebov, the novel, who, according to Peter I, had a tragic final. When their relationships revealed, Stepan tortured in front of his beloved. 14 hours in a row, it was tied by a whip, calendal gland and burning coals. At the end of the serviceman put on the count.
There were no other beloved women. Yes, and by the time she again turned out to be at the court, her interests were not focused in this area.
Link to the monastery and return
Since 1698, Evdokia Lopukhin lived in the Suzdal-Pokrovsky monastery. After the post, she received the name Elena. The woman did not have content, so expenses paid relatives. She appealed to the family for help, explaining this by the Nushchen position and the absence of the most necessary in the monastery.
The former wife of the king did not plan to become a monk and soon began to maintain a worldly lifestyle. Among the courtiers and church leaders were those who sympathized with the wife of Peter Alekseevich and even predicted that the couple could come together.
In 1718, the king learned about the love relations of the Lopukhina, its participation in conspiracy against him with the aim of erectioning for the throne of Cesarevich Alexei. Peter sent a trustee for the arrest of the queen. Evdokia caught surprise. A worldly dress and letters were found, in which she was called the Great Homes. Interrogations and proceedings began, during which all participants confirmed the obscene behavior of the spouse of the king. They executed not only the lover of Lopukhina, but also those who sympathized with her. She herself was separated by a public whipping whip. In the same year, Tsarevich Alexey was killed.
A woman was transferred to Alexandrovsky, and later to the Ladoga Assumption Monastery. Here she spent 7 years, being under an indispensable supervision before the death of Peter I.
In 1725, by order of Catherine I, the first wife of Peter Alekseevich was sent to Shlisselburg. The legality of receipt of the throne Catherine was dubious, and with due support, Evdokia could adopt the Board for himself. Therefore, it was kept secret as a state criminal, whose name was not known to anyone.
In Moscow, the woman returned only thanks to the grandson of Peter II. For some time she lived in the Ascension Monastery, and then in Novodevichy. Lopukhina was justified by a special decree of the Supreme Secret Council.
Fate played with Eupoky, a dick joke. She survived even the grandson and after his death in the 1730th could claim the throne, but age no longer allowed to participate in court intrigues. The state was invited by Anna John, which the first wife of Peter I blessed to the reign.
Death
Lopukhina was buried in 1731. The woman died at the age of 62, who was considered very old in that era. The cause of death has become a bad state of health. The tomb of the queen is located at the cathedral of the Smolensk icon of the Mother of God.