Biography
Victor Shklovsky from an early age was interested in art, which influenced the choice of profession. He entered the story as the famous literary critic, screenwriter and writer.Childhood and youth
Victor Shklovsky appeared on September 12 (24) in 1893 in St. Petersburg. Father taught mathematics, then became a professor of higher artillery courses, and mother led a household. The family was big, but from all the children to old age lived only Victor. His senior brothers Vladimir and Nikolai shot, sister Eugene died from hunger in Petrograd.
In the early years, the Biographies Shklovsky could not boast of good performance. He was repeatedly excluded for bad studies, until the young man got into the gymnasium named after Nikolai Shepovalnikov, which in the end graduated from silver medalist. Already then, Vitya was fond of literature, and his works were printed in the magazine "Spring".
Therefore, when it was time to choose a future profession, the guy preferences the historical and philological faculty of the St. Petersburg University. During this period, Shklovsky read a lot, which affected the formation of her own style.
With the beginning of World War II, Victor went to the front volunteer. He continued to be interested in literature, which brought him with Yuri Tyanyanov and Boris Eikenbaum, with whom Shklovsky eventually founded the school of Russian formalism. In their articles "Resurrection of the Word" and "Art As Reception", the writer formulated the basic concepts of a new direction and described the reception of the removal, in which familiar things are fed in unusual form.
In wartime, the guy was a member of the February Revolution, consisted in the Committee of the Spare Armored Division and focused in the Petrograd Council. At the front, he demonstrated the power and courage when he led the regiment in the attack under the enemy's fire. That day, Victor was wounded in the stomach, but continued to encourage the soldiers, despite pain and blood. For this feat, he was awarded the St. George Cross.
After the rehabilitation, Shklovsky participated in the evacuation of Russian troops from Persia. Returning to Petrograd, the young man joined the Esramen, because of what was persecuted. The author was hiding in a psychiatric hospital in Saratov, then drove into Kiev and became a member of the failed attempt by the overthrow of Pavel Scoropads.
Only due to the petition of Maxim Gorky, the investigation into the case was suspended. For a while, a man read lectures on the theory of literature under the publishing house "World Literature", later became a professor of the Russian Institute of Art Theory.
Personal life
In his youth, the author was married to Vasilis Korde, who gave him two children. The son of Nikita died during World War II, Varvara's daughter was married to Efim Lieberman, who gave birth to the heir, and then behind the poet Nikolai Panchenko. The second wife of the writer became Seraphim of Suok, with which he gained happiness in his personal life.Books
In the early 1920s, Shklovsky was actively engaged in literary studies, wrote books and published articles in the book angle magazines and the "Art House". Under his influence, a group of "Serapiones Brothers" was formed, at whose meetings the writer was sometimes present.
When the arrests of Serc Week renewed again, the professor was forced to escape and emigrate from the country to Finland, and then to Germany. It was during the period of life in Berlin a famous "sentimental journey" was written, which gave the beginning of the autobiographical trilogy.
The second book of the cycle "Zoo, or not about love" was created after returning to Russia. It is based on correspondence with the younger sister Lily Brick Elza Tyole, in which the writer was unrequited in love. Completed the trilogy "Third Factory", which replenished the bibliography in 1926.
After getting the opportunity to return to the USSR, the man was forced to settle in Moscow. There he wrote a collection "Hamburg Account" and started friendship with Vladimir Mayakovsky, with whom he was in the LEF group. The author continued to lead an active life and was a participant in literary discussions.
Over the years, Viktor Borisovich retreated from the ideas of formalism, which he dedicated the article "Monument to the scientific error." He continued to regularly publish, performed as a literary critic. In particular, the writer joined the etals of Boris Pasternak, for which he was subjected to public condemnation.
In the old age, Shklovsky became interested in the theory of cinema, collaborated with television, for which he prepared the program "Lived-had". His articles of the period reflected interest in the work of classics, including Fedor Dostoevsky and Lion Tolstoy.
Death
Literary crude died in December 1984 in Moscow, the cause of death was weakened health. His grave is located on the Kuntsevsky cemetery. In memory of the author, works, photos and sayings, immortalized in quotations remained.Bibliography
- 1914 - "Resurrection of the Word"
- 1914 - "Lead Põrot"
- 1923 - "Zoo. Letters not about love or third Eloise, "Berlin," Helikon "
- 1924 - "Sentimental Journey"
- 1926 - "Third Factory"
- 1926 - "Good luck and damage to Maxim Gorky"
- 1928 - "Hamburg Account"
- 1930 - "Brief, but a reliable story about the nobleman Bolotov"
- 1931 - "Marco Polo Scout"
- 1937 - "Notes on Pushkin Prose"
- 1944 - "Meetings"
- 1964 - "lived - were"
- 1965 - "For forty years. Cinema Articles »
- 1973 - Eisenstein
- 1981 - "Energy of delusion"