Biography
Eleanor Roosevelt became one of the brightest and most iconic women in world politics. As a wife's wife, the lady made a lot in the right and freedom of American citizens. It gave rise to the love of the public, which repeatedly recognized the human rights activist as the best among the first ladies of the country.Childhood and youth
Anna Eleonora Roosevelt was born on October 11, 1884 in New York. The girl's family was famous in the States, belonged to the Higher Society. Uncle of the future activist Theodore Roosevelt held the place of the 26th US president.
Parents did not find harmony in marriage. So, in addition to the strong addiction to alcohol, Elliot's father had a connection with the servant of Katie Mann's house, from which Eleonora's once-brother was born. Mother died from diphtheria when heiress was 8 years old.
After 2 years, in the world of different and Elliot, which was on forced treatment from alcoholism. Having become an orphan, a little Nell, as it was called in the family, was brought up with a grandmother on the maternal line. The lady sent his granddaughter to London, to the Higher Women's School Allenswood Academy, where she studied from 1899 to 1902.
In his youth, a young American woman received a wonderful education, learned French and mastered the riding ride. The formation of activist views Eleanora was influenced by the director of Marie Marie Suventr, who sought to make pupils with independent free ladies. In 1902, at the insistence, the girl returned to the States to appear on the debutant ball.
Personal life
In 1902, arriving at home, Eleanor met Franklin Delado Roosevelt, who comes to her brother in the sixth knee. Romantic relationships began between young people, secret correspondence began. In November 1903, the beloved made an American offer. The mother of the young man Sarah Ann Delaware, having learned about the engagement, opposed the Union.Embed from getty imagesThe lady went with her son to a cruise in the Caribbean, hoping that the separation would cool the love of the heir. However, on the return, Franklin remained at his decision. At the wedding, held in 1905, the President Theodore Roosevelt was also present. After the wedding trip, the couple settled in New York, and a year later, his wife gave the wife of his daughter Anna Eleonora.
In total, the couple were born six children, one of whom died in infancy. History has kept photos of spouses with firstborn. The personal life of Roosevelt took place under the strict control of Sarah Ann, which adversely affected the relationship of the future activist not only with mother-in-law, but also with her husband. In 1918, Eleanora discovered a love correspondence between Franklin and his secretary Lucy Mercer.
When the fact of treason was disclosed, the wrong husband was going to leave the family and go to the new choices. However, his adviser in the political affairs of Louis Hou insisted to keep marriage. The underlying argument was the statement of the mother of Lovelas that the son would lose inheritance in the event of a divorce. The couple continued to live together, but from that moment on the relationship of the spouses was built by the type of political partnership.
Embed from getty imagesPhysical dislike Eleanora to intimate life with her husband led the activist biographers to thoughts on non-standard orientation. As evidence of such assumptions, the ladies with Lauren Hikok were cited, which made it clear that women were more than girlfriends. In addition, Roosevelt corresponded with the director of Marie Suventr, who was a lesbian, and also friendly with several ladies' married couple.
Public and political activities
In the 1920 elections, Franklin put forward candidate for vice presidents from the Democratic Party. In the process of election campaign, Eleanor was accompanied by a spouse on trips around the country. In 1921, when the family rested on Campobello island, made sick with polio. As a result of the disease, the young politician turned out to be partially paralyzed - he spent the rest of his life in a wheelchair.
In a heavy for the statesman, his wife not only carefully cared for her husband, but also convinced Roosevelt not to give up the political career. When Franklin could not speak before the public, Eleanor replaced the spouse, read speech on his behalf. In addition, the lady began working with the women's trade union league, seeking the best working conditions for citizens.
So, the activist struggled for the introduction of the 48-hour working week, for the abolition of child labor. In a short time, Franklin Roosevelt's wife gained influence among Americans. The tireless work on the impeccable political image of the husband brought in the end that on March 4, 1933, Franklin became the 32nd US president, and Mrs. Roosevelt is the first lady.
While in a new status, American did not stop supporting the spouse, in every way prompted the proposed delane reforms, in particular the "new course". In 1936, an article called "My Day" written by a human rights activist, in which readers' attention appealed to social problems.
In 1939, the first ladies overtook the first ladies to survey the Popularity of the president. At the beginning of the 40s, the lady was appointed as Deputy Minister of Defense. In this post, Eleanor in the period of World War II visited the military bases of American soldiers in the UK, the Pacific Ocean and other parts of the world.
In 1943, the activist acted as the idea of creating the UN, and after the organization appeared the appointment of the Delegate of the Assembly. Also was the initiator of writing the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. After the death of Eleanor's spouse contributed to the issues of freedom for the black population of states, people of different nationalities, advocated as a feminist of the first wave.
Roosevelt herself shared the interests of the liberal wing of the Democratic Party. Achievements in the struggle for human rights were so great that President Harry Truman later called Roosevelt the first lady of the world.
In 1957, the widow visited the USSR. The memories of the trip were severe. Human rights activist noted that when changing the Stalin dictatorship, Nikita Khrushchev dictatorship, Nikita Khrushchev did not become happier and freer: laughter was not heard on the streets of Moscow.
Death
Wives of the 32nd US president did not become November 7, 1962. The cause of death is an oncological disease. Eleonora buried in the Hyde Park Rosarium next to the grave of her husband.Quotes
- "Woman - like a tea bag. You never know how strong it can be until it is in boiling water. "
- "Better to light the candle than to curse the darkness."
- "Happiness is not a goal, but by-product."
- "Great minds are discussing ideas. Middle minds are discussing events. Small minds are discussing people. "
- "If you are truly interested in something one, it will certainly lead you to something else."
Awards
- 1947 - Honor of the University of Brandem
- 1948 - Honorary Doctor of Utrecht University
- 1952 - Deshikottam
- 1954 - Nansen Prize
- 1960 - Gandhi Peace Prize
- 1968 - UN Prize in Human Rights Program
- 1973 - National Hall of Fame Women