Biography
During World War I, Music Music Music Salmann sounded on both sides of the front. Adolf Hitler appreciated the works of "King Hungarian Operetta" and through intermediaries offered the author "Silva" to become the "honorary ary". Funny kalmann melodies performed in the theater of the musical comedy in the deposited Leningrad, and in 2020, during a pandemic of coronavirus infection, millions of Russians, forced to use personal protective equipment, filled Aria Mr. Iqua "Always be in a mask - my fate!".Childhood and youth
The biography of the composer began on October 24, 1882 in the resort town of Siofok on the shores of Lake Balaton in Central Europe. Imre is the third of the six children of Karl Koppstein's merchant and his wife Paula, in the virgin of the Singer's last name. Parents called Son by the Jewish name Emmerich, but in his youth he renamed himself in Imre Salman.
The first years of the composition of the composer passed in prosperity. Father had an impact on the city council of Siofok, the family was a piano on which Emmerich Wilma's older sister was playing, a kitchen and a housekeeper. At 4 years old, the boy dreamed of becoming a tailor, and in the 6th lawyer. The children's photo of the composer with parents, Wilma and Elder Brother White has been preserved.
The elementary classes of Emmerich graduated in the Jewish school of the hometown, in which children and parents of Christians were glad. The classmate of the author "Maritsa" was the Hungarian-Dutch psychologist Geza Reves.
When the future composer was 9 years old, the father of the family went bankrupt. Coppsteins sold a house in Siofok and moved into a small apartment in Budapest. Children parents distributed childless aishes. Emmerich lived in Aunt Giza. The boy studied in two schools, musical and Lutheran gymnasium, and earned money in the evenings, by taking care and reservoir business correspondence. It was then that Imre wanted to become a professional musician.
At the age of 15, the first public speech of the young pianist took place. However, Imre was so miniature that the press with the mieuled wrote about the 12-year-old Music Wunderkind. By the end of 1898, the financial affairs of Karl Koppstein improved. The head of the family acquired a relatively spacious apartment, and the children reunited with their parents. I bought a piano for earned money IMRE.
However, the young men's dreams about the performing career were not destined to come true. Hands Imre began to hurt, and doctors diagnosed with his arthritis. Then the guy switched to the art of the composition.
At the insistence of Parents, Kalman learned to a lawyer, but in parallel secretly from the family was engaged in the Music Academy, where his classmate was Bela Bartok. In parallel, the young man was working as a musical browser in Budapest newspaper, the name of which is translated approximately as a "pest diary". As the parents of young criticism, and the teachers of the Academy did not approve this activity. Imre quit and focused on writing symphony.
Personal life
The author of the hymn of free love, songs "Hey, Gusar" from the operetta "Princess Circus", was very modest and restrained in relations with women. With the first love - actress from Salzburg Paola Nobarak Imre lived 18 years. She was older than the composer for 10 years and became not only a mistress for him, but also an angel keeper and the best friend. Paola did not accept the proposal of the musician to legalize the relationship, because he could not give birth to children.When Kalman met the Dvorak, in the apartment an actress lived a dachshund. After the death of Paul in February 1928, the composer, wherever he lived, invariably started the dogs of the same breed, and called the four-legged favorites the names of Heroine his operetta.
In the last years of the life of the Nobraik Imre, continuing to take care of his beloved, spun a novel with a silent actress Agnes Esterhazi. The heiress of a notable kind, with which Kalman wrote off Sylvo and Maritsa, satisfied the role of the composer's mistress. However, the windy beauty for the sake of imreh was not going to refuse any of the careers or from the attention of other fans. Treason Agnes put an end to her novel with a squid.
Soon the composer met the future mother of his children. In 1928, an charming red-haired girl saw in the Viennese cafe "Zaiter". It was Vera Makinskaya, who lived together with Mother Perm in Austria and dreaming about theatrical career.
The youth and appearance of the Russian beauty spoke to Salman's head, and despite almost a 30-year-old difference, they got married. Makinskaya Imre dedicated to the operetta "Violet Montmartre".
Faith gave her husband three children - the son of Carrya (Charlie) and daughters Lily and Ivonn, who perceived the musician rather as a grandfather than as a father. Two senior offspring inherited the composer abilities of the squid.
The marriage of Imre and Faith was not cloudless. The difference in age, and forced emigration, in which Kalman went with his family, rejected the "flattering" sentence of Hitler.
In addition, the author of funny musical works in his personal life was a gloomy and superstitious man - afraid of black cats and numbers 13. The character of the composer also affected the loss of relatives - his brother was died in his youth, and in the concentration camp two sisters, Emilia and Ilona died. In 1942, Imre and Faith divorced, but a year later reunited and remained together to the death of the squid.
Creation
Studying at the Academy, Imre dreamed of creating in a serious genre and even composed the symphony poem of Saturnalia, which sounded in the building of the Hungarian State Opera in the last February day of 1904 at the reporting concert of composer students. However, musical publishers refused to publish squid symphones. But melodies for versions performed in the variety, which he composed, enjoyed popular.
Friends advised the composer to turn to the genre of a musical comedy, very popular in Austro-Hungary, headed by Emperor Franz Joseph I. In the end, Kalman surrendered and, creaking his teeth, wrote the first operetta "Autumn maneuvers", whose premiere was held on February 22, 1908. The work had a stunning success, and Imre began to consider leapy years happy for himself.
Total Kalman wrote 17 operetta, the most popular of which were "Silva" ("Queen Chardas") and "Princess Circus" ("Mr. X"). In each of them, even in those where the heroes were Hinders ("Bayader") or the French ("Violet Montmartre"), alternated melodies of the Vienna Waltz and Hungarian Chardas, to which the Rhythms of the 20th century were sometimes added, for example Shimmi. Polyphonic Imre was a follower of Jacomo Puccini, and in orchestration used techniques characteristic of Music Peter Tchaikovsky.
Hungarian from the operetta squid is considered "Maritsa", and Franz Joseph I and the emperor's spouse are considered in the "Gypsy Premier". The swan songs imrey became the Arizonian Lady, which, after the death of his father, completed Kari Kalman.
Death
In early 1949, the author "Silva" suffered the first heart attack, and at the end of the year - stroke, paralyzed half of the face. The cause of the death of a squid in the penultimate October Day of 1953 was a re-infarction.Although Imre died in Paris, the body of the composer, according to the will, transported to Vienna and buried with state honors in the Central Cemetery, not far from Ludwig Van Beethoven's graves, Wolfgang Amadeu Mozart and Johannes Bramce. Biography "King Operetta" was based on the book of Yuri Nagin, at which in 1985, the Hungarian director Dieurped Palashti removed the film "Riddle Squean".
Memory
Films:
- 1958 - "King Chardas"
- 1959 - "Composer Imre Kalman"
- 1985 - "Riddle Squean"
Songs:
- 1989 - "Viva Kalman!" (group "Agatha Christie")
Monuments and images:
- Opposite the Budapest Operetta Theater
- Monument to Imre Salmanin in Siofok
- Sculpture Imre Salchean in the Sii Foc Park
- The memorial room in the Austrian National Library is open
- Austrian postage stamp 1982
Operetta
- 1908 - "Autumn maleuvras"
- 1910 - "Soldier on vacation"
- 1912 - "Little King"
- 1912 - "Gypsy Premier"
- 1915 - "Queen Chardas" ("Silva")
- 1917 - "Fairy Carnival"
- 1920 - "Dutch"
- 1921 - "Bayadera"
- 1924 - "Maritsa"
- 1926 - "Princess Circus"
- 1927 - "Golden Dawn"
- 1928 - "Duchess from Chicago"
- 1930 - "Violet Montmartre"
- 1932 - "Devilish Rider"
- 1936 - "Empress Josephine"
- 1945 - "Marinka"
- 1953 - "Arizona Lady"
Filmography
- 1929 - "Gypsy Premier" (Germany)
- 1931 - Fairy Karnavala (Germany)
- 1932 - "Countess Maritsa" (Germany)
- 1934 - "Princess Chardas" (Germany)
- 1934 - "Princess Chardas" France)
- 1944 - Silva (USSR)
- 1951 - "Princess Chardas" (Germany)
- 1958 - "Maritsa" (Germany)
- 1958 - "Mr. X" (USSR)
- 1970 - Princess Circus (Germany and Austria)
- 1971 - "Knyagin Chardas" (Germany, Hungary and Austria)
- 1974 - "Countess Maritsa" (Germany)
- 1975 - "under the roofs of Montmartre" (USSR)
- 1981 - "Silva" (USSR)
- 1982 - Princess Circus (USSR)
- 1983 - Karambolin-Karambolettta (USSR)
- 1985 - "Maritsa" (USSR)
- 1998 - "Queen Chardas" (Germany)
- 2009 - "Countess Maritsa" (Slovakia)