Biography
Career Agrippines Vaganova as a teacher-choreographer has developed more successful than as a ballerina. Despite the tragedy in his personal life, the betrayal of students and social cataclysms, she managed to leave a deep mark in the method of ballet.Childhood and youth
The "Queen of Variations" was born in June 1879 in the family of a retired Unter-Officer who served as Kapeldiner in the Mariinsky Theater of Akopa (Yakov) Vaganova, Armenian by nationality. Agrippina was the youngest of three sisters. The family lived in the center of St. Petersburg, on an officer street, near the work of Yakov Timofeevich. The apartment of Vaganov was located in the basement, which was poured with heavy rains.
As a child, Agrippina, taking advantage of the father, revised all the ballets in Mariinsky and began to dream of fluttering art. Although parents believed that the chorenny girl is bad for Foute, they were able to attach younger daughter to the Imperial Theater School.
The argument for mother and father became not so much pear dreams, how much the fact that the student successfully graduated 1st grade was translated into a full public board. Vaganov lived poorly and sighed with relief, getting rid of an excess mouth.
Training in the school disappointed Vaganov. Teachers (in particular, Alexander clouds) just showed PA and demanded a repetition disciples, but did not explain how to do this, did not unfold movement on the elements.
The pear was asked an uncomfortable student with a terrible character: the girl got the mentors with questions. The former ballerina Ekaterina Vasence believed that the training of Agrippines was a waste of time: the physical data of the stroke dancers were far from the ideal, and the face with Caucasian features did not match the "puppet" ballet standards. The only thing that was impossible to refuse the girl is in perseverance and dedication at rehearsals.
Although Vaganov received 11 out of 12 possible points and joined the Parudpu of the Mariinsky Theater, where Matilda Kshesinskaya reigned, the daughter of the Armenian Unter-Officer did not give the leading parties, which she selflessly learned. The chief balletmaster Marius Pettipe called the Agrippines terrible executive manner, and when the Vaganov claimed that Vaganova paid applause.
Personal life
In the youth of Agrippina survived a number of non-binding novels. Fans were ballerina with gifts and drove into the best restaurants in St. Petersburg, where she after several glasses of champagne dropped his shoes and danced visitor applause.
Everything has changed after exploring Andrei Pomerantsev - Colonel-pathway in resignation, member of the Board of the Ekaterinoslav Construction Society. The man was 2 times older than ballerina and, becoming her lover, fell in expensive gifts. For the first time in life, Vaganova appeared servants.
In April 1903, the ballerina was fainted at rehearsals. Waking up, Vaganov learned that the cause of malaise was pregnancy. In the head, the girl pops up the Russian saying "The promised 3 years is waiting" - she waited for solo parties for over five years after graduation, and they were not all. By reflection, Agrippina chose Motherhood by foggy career prospects.
Oranges could not get a divorce from his wife, but after the birth of Sasha's son settled with Vaganova and, until the end of his days, he lived with a dancer as a husband. When the older sister of the pear died, the nephews of Lelia and Seryozha began to live with Andrei Alexandrovich and Agrippina Yakovlevna. Vaganova did not see the difference between the children, whoresled them and loved led into the circus and the zoo, and then reliably reproduce the movements of animals.
At the revolution of 1917, Ballerina almost did not pay attention, but the husband became more gloomy and the night was shot at the night. From the spoiled Baryn and his beloved wife Vaganov, overnight turned into a large mother, deprived of the livelihood, which the janitor from courtesy gives every day knitting firewood.
Nevertheless, Agrippina was able to grow children and nephews. Alexander Pomerances went in the footsteps of the Father and became a pathway engineer. The man retained the archive and memoirs of the mother.
Ballet
In the ballet mired in Maternity, Vaganov returned the Son. Looking at the photo of the mother in a bundle and on pointes, the boy asked the parent, why she no longer dances, really hesitated. Agrippina began to show Sasha, to which she is capable, and nanny who came to work with surprise discovered the heated lady sitting on the twine.After returning to Mariinka, Career Vaganova was more successful than in his youth. For accuracy of jumping Agrippin nickned steel legs. Once the ballerina was able to replace the injury to Tamar Karasavin and dance the main party, because all the solo roles of Vaganov knew by heart. But in 1916, the daughter of the Unter-Officer was written off by age, and the prescribed retirement after the October coup was ceased to pay.
To feed the son and nephews, Agrippina danced in front of workers, soldiers and sailors, taught dancing in clubs. And then Vaganov was invited to work in his native school, the pupils of which were rehearsing in unheated premises and lived the injignment.
In mentoring, a woman found his calling. The raining student turned into a sharp and ruthless teacher who learned the ballerina to perform dance passed thoughtfully and taking care of every student as a native daughter. Maya Plisetskaya, which in his youth managed to get a few lessons from Vaganova, argued that after classes began to dance much better and, most importantly, meaningful.
The merits of Agrippines Yakovlevna are and in the development of the methods of improving the muscles of future stars of the scene, and in the fact that she managed to explain the importance of the Russian ballet school of Soviet power. Initially, leaders, in the words of Vladimir Mayakovsky, belonged to the classic dance as to the "hasslement", and to the Mariinsky Theater - as a royal toy and the remnant of the past. But then the officials understood the role of ballet in the formation of the prestige of the young Soviet state in the international arena.
In 1931-1937, Vaganova worked as an artistic director of the ballet troupe "Marinki", which was called the Leningrad Opera and Ballet Theater named after Sergei Kirov. However, opponents of a demanding mentor accused Agrippin Yakovlevna in the Samorabia and the assignment of the merit of Soviet power. Among the loans were student, including Galina Ulanov. And only Natalia Dudinskaya risked to stand up for his beloved teacher.
Vaganov was fired from the Kirov Theater, and she again focused on his favorite business - teaching in the choreographic school. The experience of mentoring is summarized in the famous book "Queen of Variations" "Basics of classical dance".
Death
Agrippina Yakovlevna died on November 5, 1951. The exact cause of the death of the ballerina and the teacher in biographies does not indicate, limited to the phrase "severe illness". It is known that the day before the death of Vaganov rushed to go to spend an occupation in the school on the street of Rossi.
Agrippin Yakovlevna buried on the literary carriages of the Volkovsky cemetery. Two years after death, the monument was established on the grave of Vaganova - the sculpture of the dancer with a book in his hands, and after 6 years the educational institution, with which the biography of the ballerina was inextricably linked, received the name of the Great Teacher. Since 1991, the world's most famous Russian choreographic school is called the Agrippina Vaganova Academy of Ballet.
Memory
- 1957 - Russian Ballet Academy (Leningrad Choreographic School) named after A.Ya. Vaganova
- 1958 - a memorial plaque in St. Petersburg on the facade of the house, where Vaganova lived from 1937 to 1951
- 1986 - Documentary "Agrippina Vaganova"
- 1988 - International Ballet Competition for Pupils of Ballet Schools "Vaganova - Prix"
- 2004 - Documentary film "Remembering Great Vaganov"
- 2009 - Documentary film "Agrippina Vaganova. Great and terrible "