Biography
The life of Polina Osipenko was short, but she managed to enter the story as a tempting of the pilot, the record holder and the hero of the Soviet Union. The memory of the flying is still alive in books, archival records and black and white photos.Childhood and youth
Polina Dudnik was born in the fall of 1907 in the village of Novospasska, which is now the territory of Ukraine. Information about the origin is divergent. Some sources argue that her parents were poor peasants, others, on the contrary, mention the family of a wealthy artisan.
Education Future flying received in church-parish school. Being a rural resident, Polina from childhood got used to hard work - she was engaged in the economy, looked after strangers. Later she graduated from the courses of the poultry farm and became the head of the collective farm poultry farm.
Personal life
Polyna's turning point in the biography was a wedding with pilot Stepan Radn. But it was not possible to build a happy family life with a pair, because they were almost all the time in separation.At first, the spouse could not leave the native village to meet with her husband as a quality, and then he was sent to the service to the Rostov region and repressed. Until the end of his days, the man remembered his beloved, dreamed of meeting her again, and she, in turn, promised to lay a word for Stepan, but did not have time.
The second attempt of the pilot to establish a personal life was marriage with Alexander Osipenko, under the name she entered the story. Polina gave birth to the chief of his son Paul, after the death of a mother given to the upbringing of uncle. She has a granddaughter called in honor of the famous relative.
Service in aviation
In Soviet aviation, Polina got through the first husband who served in Qache. At first she worked in the Kaczynskaya School of Military pilots, where he learned how to manage the aircraft U-2, which later helped her to pass entrance tests. Another version states that the girl persuaded the Clement Voroshilov to enrolle her in the school.
In those years, there were not enough female names in the list of record holders of Soviet aviation, and a capable and purposeful young pilot perfectly approached the role of a new heroine. After the release from the school, Osipenko was sent by the Bobruisk airbject, where she began to command the link of fighters and began preparations for future achievements.
In 1937, Polina installed the first record when he was raised to a height of 8864 meters, being a pilot of MP-1 bis. In the same year, she made two more bright flight, climbing up more than 7,000 meters first with a cargo of 500 kg, and then in tonn.
A year later, Polina Denisovna replenished the piggy bank with a new achievement - along with faith, Lomako and Marina Rublova made a circular flight from Sevastopol through Evpatoria, Ochakov and back, which lasted about nine hours. But on this she did not stop.
Soon, Lieutenant Osipenko headed the female crew to go on a closed curve from Sevastopol to Arkhangelsk. It took more than 10 hours to perform the task, and the distance was 2416 km, but I still managed to make a plan. She received the Order of Lenin and was raised in the rank.
The main record of Polina Denisovna broke together with Valentina Grisodubova and Marina Obokova in September 1938. The flyers went from Moscow to the Far East, but during a non-stop flight of weather conditions worsened, and gasoline began to end, therefore it was necessary to decline in the forest.
The search for an aircraft Ant-37 "Motherland" and its crew lasted almost 10 days. After the detection, the distance was performed overlooked by a closed curve, it was 6450 km. It became a new world record among women, and each of the lighters for his feat was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Death
The last flight of the record holder made on May 11, 1939 in a pair with the Hero of the USSR Anatoly Serov. During the workout of flights, a plane crash was happened, which caused Osipenko's death. The circumstances of the tragedy remained unexplained, there are versions on the inconsistency of the actions of pilots and the fault of the aircraft.Memory
- Until 1958, the name of Polina Osipenko was called Berdyansk City
- In honor of P.D. Osipenko called her native village (earlier with. Novostovka)
- Streets Polina Osipenko in many cities of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan
- District named after Polina Osipenko in Khabarovsk Territory
- Osipenko Quarter in Barnaul Railway Area
- Square named after P. D. Osipenko in Orenburg
- The name Osipenko was assigned to the Odessa military aviation school, the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Aeroclubus, Berdyansky Pedagogical University
- Monuments in Berdyansk, Kokshetau, Zaporizhia and Ryazan region
- Lilac grade "Polina Osipenko"
- The name of Polina Osipenko is called a cargo ship
- In honor of Polina Osipenko named Crater Osipenko on Venus
Awards
- Order of Lenin (twice)
- Order of Labor Red Banner
- Hero of the Soviet Union