Biography
Pavlik Morozov - Popular in the Soviet Union and an ambiguous person, whose image was converted in favor of the Trends of the Epoch. The authorities made a hero and a fighter for the power of the advice from Pioneer, who rejected the fist's father. Subsequently, opponents of this idea appeared, who considered Morozov with a baseman and a traitor.Childhood
Pavel Morozov - a native of the village of Gerasimovka, located in the Tobolsk province. The boy was born on November 14, 1918. Father Trofim Morozov was Belarusian by nationality. Together with his wife, Tatiana Morozova, he brought up five sons, senior among whom Paul was.
During the civil war, Trofim Sergeevich had the title of the younger commander, and in peacetime he served as Chairman of the village council. Having a cereal position, Morozov, the Sr. used a service situation in personal interests - assigned things to the detachable and speculated certificates, which were provided with special settlements.
The man left the family, leaving the mother of Pavlik with sons, and preferred her relationship with Antonina Amosova. The children did not strongly suffered about the loss of the Father, since he regularly beat them. Grandfather and grandmother hated Snow, who came from another village, for refusing to joint economy and did not feed interest to grandchildren.
The Morozov family lived poorly at the father and after his care. Paul, as the eldest son, was forced to help provide junior. Despite this, the boy managed to learn and visited the school. True, due to work in the field or by the economy often passed classes. He diligently caught up the program and even tried to teach a certificate mother.
Betrayal or feat
In 1931, Moroz-Srozov, the chairman of the Senior Chamber Council received a prison sentence in the form of 10 years of conclusion. The court sentenced him to punish his fists and help them in concealing property to be subject to taxation. The man also contributed to the run of special settlements from the place of reference, dealing with the falsification of documents.There are two versions of what happened. According to the fact that the USSR agitators was beneficial, Pavlik Morozov was a convinced pioneer and sought to help the state to build communism. Therefore, understanding what tricks and crimes there are elder frosts, he renounced his parent and coming to his father.
According to the versions, the Son just gave testimony, which confirmed the assumptions that Trofim Sergeevich was a corrupt officer and the "enemy of the people." The investigation discovered the fake documents from the resident of the village, on which his signature stood. Together with the former chapter of the village council, other participants in criminal activity were punished.
Condeming Morozov for the act against the father, many understood that the boy's biography and his childhood were not happy. Therefore, to the question of whether his decision was a betrayal or a feud, it is difficult to answer unequivocally.
It is worth noting that the testimony during the investigation against the Father was not a single case when the boy called for justice. He repeatedly revealed the Machinations of fists in the village, bringing information about them to the public, for which he received threats. Police did not take decisive actions in this regard, so it was not possible to avoid subsequent tragic events.
Death
The hero of Pioneer did not expose the relative. Revenge for a near-minded act came to him on the side of the godfather and a close friend of the family of Arseny Kulukanova. He was an accomplice of Trofim Sergeyevich and a fist, and therefore, it turned out to be a big threat when the investigation began.
Arseny entered into collusion with Danila Morozov and Sergey Morozov, as well as their grandfather. Having learned that Paul and their brother Fedor went to the forest over the berries, they caught up with young men and committed a cruel violence. The cause of the death of boys began to strike, applied by a shopping knife, which became the main evidence on a par with the evaporator of Danil's clothing.
The court acknowledged criminals guilty in the attempt and sentenced to shooting. After the murder of her sons, their mother left the village and at the end of the Great Patriotic War found a permanent residence in Alupka. The only brother from all frost, which was lucky to survive, was Andrei.
The grave of Paul and Fedor Morozova is located in his native village Gerasimovka. In memory of the feat of Pavlik in the revelation of corrupt officials and his heroic death in different cities of the country, steles and monuments were installed. The monument in Moscow was organized on Red Presnya. In honor of Pioneer, the streets called, he was dedicated to songs and poems. In 1935, Sergei Eisenstein began shooting the film "Bezhin Mead", dedicated to Morozov, but the work was banned due to the progress by the author of the ideological content.
Memory
- Monuments of Pavlik Morozov were installed in Moscow, Sverdlovsk, Island, Glazov, Ukhta, Kaliningrad, Simferopol, in the village of Gerasimovka. Some of them have been preserved until now
- The name of Pavlik Morozova in the USSR wore Ivano-Frankivsk regional dolls theater
- In Chelyabinsk on the Small South Ural Railway there is a station named after Pavlik Morozova
- In honor of Pavlik Morozov, many streets are named in cities and villages of the former Soviet Union
In culture
Music
- Music poem "Pavlik Morozov", composer Yuri Balkashin
- "Song about Pavlick Morozov", author of the words Sergey Mikhalkov, composer Franz Sabo
- Rock Opera "Pavlik Morozov - Superstar" Group "Levinson's Humanism"
- Song "Pavlik Morozov alive" Groups "Crematorium"
- Song "Bald Kolobok" Singer Vicky Tsyganova
Books
- Book "Pavlik Morozov", author Elizar Smirnov
- Book "Pavlik Morozov", author Vitaly Gubarev
- "Poem about Pavel Morozov", author Stepan Schitchev
- "Poem on brave Ural Orllenka, author Elena Khorinskaya
- Story "Morozov", author German Sadulaev
Films and performances
- The feature film "Bezhin Mead", Writer and Director Sergey Eisenstein. Not completed, because Eisenstein was accused of insufficient level of ideological content
- Documentary "Family Mystery Pavlick Morozova", director Alexander Belobokov
- Piece and play "Pavlik Morozov", the author of the village of Razvyansky
- Piece and play "Pavlik - My God", author Nina Belenitskaya