Biography
On February 18, 2021, the first editions of the unique video project dedicated to the life and work of Abay Kunabayeva appeared on the Yutiub-Channel of Maman Academy. Publications related to worldview, "words of edification", the philosophy of the Kazakh poet and thinker, his poetic works and followers. The content was designed for a wide audience, because it was also suitable for school sessions and student lectures, and for self-education.Childhood and youth
On August 10, 1845, Ulzhan's new style, one of the four wives of a large baya belonging to the local nobility, Cunning Oskenbaeva (Oscarewa), gave her husband of Ibrahim's son.
According to some information, the name for the baby was brought out the father in a dream when the great representative of his kind of Tobota Argyn was to him - a thinker and philosopher Annet Baba Chisikula. However, he became famous for the nickname Abai ("cautious", "attentive" or "cute"), data is still in childhood Grandmaker (Tokbala) Bektemirkyz, who became the first teacher and the educator.
Opinions of sources about where exactly the child was born, it was separated. Some argued that it was a city of families, others - Zhidabi's tract in the Genghis mountains, then belonged to the Biyan county of the Tomsk province of the Russian Empire. Grandfather Oskenbai (Oscambay) and the great-grandfather Irgizbay (O.) dominated in its family as rulers and biys.
Having received a home education, the future founder of Kazakh written literature studied in Madrasa in Semipalatinsk, where Eastern languages were taught. In parallel with this, the student visited the Russian school, where I tried to compose poems, attributing the authorship to a friend.
The head of the family contributed to the development of such personal qualities as humanity, dedication and justice. From the mother, whining the ancient poems and aytsi Akynov, he adopted wit and the ability in sarcastic form to make fun of human flaws.
Creation
From adolescent age, his father acquired his son to the activities of the head of the genus, but he took away from her at the age of 28, completely immersed in self-education. Only by 40 they created the first serious poetic works.The formation of his worldview was influenced by humanistic ideas by Nizami Ganjevi, Alisher Navoi, Firdusi and others, the views of Russian Democrats, the works of Russian classics and in general, European literature. He translated into his native language Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Ivan Krylova, Johann Goethe and George Bairon, communicated with the political referee Yevgeny Michaelis, the Nifont Dolpolovo, Severin Gross.
Novator of Kazakh poetry, for some time who visited the volost ruler, introduced new dimensions, rhymes and forms in the Kazakh station, a vivid example of this - poems dedicated to the days of the year ("Spring", "Summer", "Autumn", "Winter"). Abai became famous for both the connoisseur of people's life, customs and judicial solutions and the author of satirical writings and poems, in their "words of edification" by expressing educational ideas.
Huge attention in the works of Cunanbayeva was given to the moral and labor education of young people, where the decisive role was assigned to the family and the positive example of parents and senior relatives. In spiritual improvement of a person, poetry and music attached particular importance, and the nobility depended on the development of the feeling of the beautiful.
The thinker performed and helped the spread of Russian and European culture among the Kazakhs, was a composer, having an impact on the emerging Kazakh national intelligentsia of the late XIX - early XX centuries.
Personal life
Abay had three wives who lived not together, but in different aulah. The first, Dilda, who gave her husband of six children, came from a noble family and was the granddaughter of Biya Alshynbaya. By agreement of the fathers, the couple married at 15 years.
The most beloved spouse - Aigerim (real name Schukiman), nimbled by his husband with a Lunolic beauty. She came to this world for 11 years later than the chosen one (the wedding took place when the enlightener was 30 years old), gave birth to 4 heirs and took root to the national hero, the defender of the Kazakhs from Dzhung Mamai-Batyr.
The Yerkezhan became the third heroine of Cunanbaeva's personal life after his husband of Ospane in 1892, who had a brother having come to him. There were no common sons and daughters.
In historical documents, the 4 sons of the "Jewelry Master of the Art Word" are most often mentioned. Akylby (1861-1904), which created the work of "Dagestan", "Zulus" and "Heads", in the early years gave the younger wife Cunnabai. Abdireman, or Abish (1868-1895) graduated from the real school in Tyumen, Mikhailovskaya artillery school in St. Petersburg and died from tuberculosis.
Magauy, or Magas (1870 -1904) studied in Semipalatinsk, wrote poems, served as a judge in his native village. Turagul (1875-1934) - Public Worker of the Alash Orda party, poet, writer and translator.
Death
In 2019, Liailya Baymagambetova, living in Nur-Sultan, told in an interview with a local newspaper about little-known biography facts and the cause of the death of Prapraded:"Magic, Abay, illuminated himself. I did not talk to anyone, as if he was already dead inside. He will have to sit down, he will sit down, stand up - stand up. Native Brother Tanirberdi with tears in his eyes turned to him: "We had four of us, I lost two younger brothers, now I will stay without you?". Abay said: "The coward is a thousand deaths, the Batyr alone" ".40 days after the departure of the younger son, July 6, 1904 did not become a great poet and thinker. At first, his body wanted to betray the earth in the village of Akschoka, where the father of Cunebarbay, the sons of Abish and Magash were resting, but in the end buried in Zhidaba. Now there is Mausoleum Abay, where they also found the last refuge Brother Coonbaeva Ospan, nephew Shakarim and the Son of the last Akhat.
The museum exposition, which stores books of the enlightener, personal belongings, rare photos, household goods, and furniture, household goods, and furniture, organized nearby Zimonia Abaya.
Aphorisms
- "Figure screaming in anger, and the terrible silent in anger."
- "Labor - Otrada, Lenza - Cruel Beach."
- "The worst person from among people is a person without aspirations."
- "Prethods are not the fact that the son of the Father; Be proud that you are the son of a man. "
- "Epipping the will is armor, preserving the mind."
Memory
- House-Museum Abai Kunanbaeva in Semey and London
- Monuments Abai Kunbayev installed in Alma-Ata, Semey, Nur-Sultan, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Istanbul, Tehran, Tashkent, Moscow, Beijing
- The name Abay Kunanbayeva wear cities and villages in Karaganda, Akmolinskaya, Aktobe, Almaty, Kyzylorda South Kazakhstan region
- Abaya Kunanbaeva Streets and Avenues are located in Baku, Alma-Ata, Aktobe, Orsk, Delhi, Cairo, Berlin, Tashkent, Bishkek and many other cities
- Since 1993, the "Abaev readings" are traditionally held in the cities of Kazakhstan on the birthday of the poet
- In honor of Abay, a glacier is named in the Dzhungarian Alatau and in Zailish Alatau
- In Almaty, the State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater, National Pedagogical University and one of the main prospectuses of the city are named after his name.
- The name of Abai is called the cultural and leisure complex in Aktau.
- An image of Abai Kunbayeva on a banknote of the National Bank of the Republic of Kazakhstan with a par value of 20 tenge
- 1938 - Roman "Abai" (authors of Mukhtar Auezov and Leonid Sobolev)
- 1942-1956 - Roman in the 4 volumes "Path Abay" (author Mukhtar Auez)
- 1945 - Movie "Abay Songs" (Actor Kalibek Kuanyshpaev)
- 1995 - The film "Abai" (actor Gabiden Turykpaev)