Biography
Even in the 80s, Eldar Ryazanov dreamed of removing the "Master and Margarita", but at that time, with dislike Mikhail Bulgakov, for the Writers' union and in the presence of Christ and scenes with a cut off, no one would allow this. However, without the screening of such a large-scale work, the director left the descendants unforgettable work. He loved to shoot films, wanted his work to be interested in as much as possible."For the artist, the highest praise, as they said before: from the collective farmer to academician. It does not always succeed, but this is higher happiness when so. The desire to share with a huge number of people naturally, it is not necessary to be ashamed. And if you didn't watch 100 million spectators now, it is very bad. "Childhood and youth
The Mother of Soviet and Russian Cinema Eldar Ryazanov was born in Samara. The future director was born on November 18, 1927 in the family of high-ranking trade workers. Pope Alexander Semenovich Ryazanov and Mom Sophia Mikhailovna Schusterman worked in the Soviet trading office in Tehran, and Eldar Ryazanov spent an early childhood there. After 3 years, the family returned to Moscow. Father appointed chief of wine iron.
The Jewish nationality of the mother, as Ryazanov later spoke, did not create problems in any personal life, nor in creativity. And on the creation of a film fairy tale "Andersen. Life without love "Eldar pushed a detail of a writer's biography: the last 15 years he lived in the house of the rich Jews of Melchior. The main role of the director wanted to offer Innokentia Smoktunovsky, then Edrian Broodya. In the end, Sergey Miigitsko starred.
Shortly after moving to the capital, Ryazan's parents diverged. The boy stayed with her mother. When Eldar turned 7 years old, Mom married. Stepfather and took up the upbringing of the boy. Relationships immediately developed good. Eldar Ryazanov's native father almost does not remember. When he left the family, the son was 5 years old. Soon the Father married the second time, and his daughter was born. And in 1938, Alexander Ryazanov convicted for 17 years. His life ended tragically.
From early childhood, the boy loved to read and dreamed of distant wanderings. Therefore, he chose two ways for himself: or become a writer and creating interesting books himself, or learn to the navigator and travel. Eldar even wrote a letter to Odessa to Navigat, asking to tell you what is needed to make a dream. But at that time the Great Patriotic War was killed. Dreams about the wanders had to postpone for a long time. Yes, the favorite home library was sold out or exchanged for products.
After school, Eldar Ryazanov entered VGIK. He did not dreamed of becoming a director, simply took the documents to the university for the company with a friend. At the directorial faculty, the famous Grigory Kozintsev became the mentor of Ryazanov, who took the legendary paintings "Shinel" at that time, "S. V. D. " and "New Babylon". Eldar, when he became a student, was 16 years old.
I didn't really want to study the young man to study, and there was not enough life experience. It almost became the cause of deductions. Showing resourcefulness, the guy remained and soon justified and even exceeded the expectations of the teachers. Sergey Eisenstein himself, who worked at the time teacher Vgika, noted Ryazanov as one of the most capable students.
In 1950, Eldar Ryazanov graduated with honors from the institute. The graduation film was called "They are studying in Moscow."
Films
The creative biography of Eldar Ryazanov began immediately at the end of Vgika. Young director The first five-year plan did documentaries. During these years, he managed to cross the Far East, partly following the long-time dream of travel. Documentalist filmed films about the catches of crabs in the Sea of Okhotsk, about Kitobachers and Oilmen of Kuban, about fishermen and border guards, reindeer herders and writers. She visited Kurilla, Commander Islands, Sakhalin and Kamchatka. Experience and impressions turned out to be huge.Since 1955, Ryazanov moved to work in Mosfilm. The first picture of Eldar in a new place becomes a semi-document film "Spring Voices" with Sergey Gurov. Ribe saw director Ivan Pyriev and strongly recommended Ryazanov to remove the comedy, offering to take the script of Boris Laskin and Vladimir Polyakova "Carnival night" as a basis.
Eldar Ryazanov did not like this idea, but he followed the board of Pyrhev. The work turned out to be difficult, because for the young director, it was an unfamiliar genre. But all the efforts were justified: the film "Carnival Night" made Ryazanov in an instant the popular director.
Fame and the main characters of the Comedy were both: Lyudmila Gurchenko, Yuri Belov and Igor Ilinsky. The phrases from the film became covered, and the songs "Five minutes" and "Song about a good mood" turned into real hits, which constantly and today. New Year's comedy becomes the leader of the rental of 1956-1957 - over 45 million viewers came to the cinemas. In addition, the picture received a number of awards - first for director Ryazanov.
Almost the same success was waiting for the second picture of Eldar. "The girl without the address" with Nikolai Rybnikov and Svetlana Karpinskaya ranked at viewing 36.5 million viewers and secured Ryazan's popularity.
In the late 1960s, his own style began to trace his own style from Eldar Alexandrovich Ryazanov. His paintings in their most - lyrical tragicomedia.
During this period, the backbone of the cinematic group Ryazanov began to be paid out. This is Composer Andrei Petrov, Writer Emil Braginsky, operator Vladimir Nakhabtsev and Pleiad of brilliant artists - Andrei Mironov and Yuri Yakovlev, Valentina Talyzin and Evgeny Evstigneev, Leia Ahacedzhakova and Lyudmila Gurchenko, Oleg Basilashvili and Andrei Soft, Valentin Gaft, Svetlana Nevolyaeva and Georgy Burkov.
And in 1966 one of the best films of Eldar Ryazanov appeared on the screens - "Beware of the car." The bright acting ensemble and talented directorial work exceeded all expectations. The script of the paintings was written by Ryazanov together with Emil Bragin.
From the late 1960s to the beginning of the 1970s, Eldar Ryazanov put the paintings that became the Gold Foundation of Soviet Cinema. Among the best - Zigzag of good luck, "old men-robbers" and "the incredible adventures of Italians in Russia".
And on January 1, 1976, the Soviet spectators for the first time saw the picture, which became the cult and without any new year in the countries of the former Soviet Union. This is, of course, "Irony of Fate, or with a Light Steam!". In 1977, the Creative Film Group received the USSR State Prize.
Further followed by new bestsellers Matra. "Service Roman", which appeared in 1977, becomes one of the most successful films of the director. In 1978, the author's team of "Service Roman" was awarded the State Program of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev brothers. At the same time, Eldar Aleksandrovich put the films "Garage", "Sleep the Word about the poor hussar," the station for two. Everyone became a hit.
Melodrama "Cruel Romance" is the best, according to readers of the specialized publication "Soviet screen", 1984 film. The picture made a star executive leader Larisa Guzeyev. Her heroine performed the romance "Love - Spring Country", this line Ryazanov later took as the name of the collection of poems of his own essay.
The fact that poems to the songs sounding in movies are written by them by themselves, Ryazanov hid from Andrei Petrov. And all because the composer is a delicate man, and Eldar understood that the friend would be ashamed to say straight that the text was bad if he would not like the next work.
In the 1980s, the filmography of Eldar Ryazanov was replenished with two paintings on the evil day called the "Forgotten Melody for Flute" and "Dear Elena Sergeevna". A documentary picture "Four meetings with Vladimir Vysotsky" was released on the air, dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the singer.
The tragicomedy of Heaven Promised, "shot in 1991, a little came out for the usual framework of Ryazan films. But it did not diminish the popularity of the picture. He continued the director of this line with new projects "Old Klyachi" and "Quiet Omuts".
Almost in all pictures, the director appears in a tiny episodic role. It looks like an artist's autograph on the canvas.
Personal life
Eldar Alexandrovich was married three times. The first spouse Zoya Fomin studied with Ryazanov, and was also a director. In this marriage, Ryazanov had a daughter Olga. She graduated from Moscow State University and is a philologist and film. Dmitry's grandson is a journalist, editor on TV channel "Russia 24".
The second spouse is Nina Grigorievna Scubina, worked as an editor on Mosfilm. She died of a heavy incurable disease.
The last wife of Eldar Aleksandrovich - Emma Abaydullina, film editor. With her, the director lived until the last days of life. Emma had two children from the first marriage, Oleg and Igor Berdyugina. Steyok Oleg on education Designer and director, headed the MEDIAMGRUP "Cominter", which issued the transfer of a socio-political and social orientation. Died in November 2017.
Death
The life of the master of Russian cinema Eldar Ryazanov blurred in November 2015. The director has repeatedly fell into the hospital that with a violation of cerebral circulation, then with inflammation of the lungs.Anxious news about the state of health Eldar Alexandrovich again appeared in the media on November 21. Doctors evaluated the state of the director as extremely heavy, in view of which they were connected to the device of artificial ventilation of lungs. But they failed to save the man. The cause of death is called heart failure.
The last referee Ryazanov became Novodevichi cemetery, where people who have made an invaluable contribution to culture, education, science and defense of the country are resting. According to the actor Stanislav Sadalsky, Emma broke the last will of Eldar Aleksandrovich: supposedly director wanted to be buried next to the grave of Nina Scubina. The second wife is also buried on Novodevichy, but on another site.
By the third anniversary of Ryazan's death on his grave, a monument was established, made on the widely recognizable photo, where the director sits on a riding on the stool.
Moscow authorities have established a memorable plate at the house where Zhenya Lukashin lived, the main character from the "Irony of Fate". In addition, in the capital on Leninsky Prospect, the Eldar Kinelub, named by his name, works. The establishment includes 3 cinema halls, theatrical and concert venue and 4 exposures dedicated to the Creator, Alla Surikova, Leonid Gaidai and Georgia Delelia. Even in the "Eldar" there is a buffet "Brothers Lumiere", a restaurant "Cruel Romance" and the cafe "Beware of the car".
At the homeland of Eldar Alexandrovich, in Samara, a museum opened in Frunze Street's house. There, the cinematographer held the first month of life, and there the family returned to evacuation. On the first floor, the Ryazan Room was restored, the objects of that era were exhibited, and the part was donated with friends and relatives of the Matra. On the second - exposure dedicated to the director personally. On the third - cinema hall for 100 seats and interiors shot by Ryazan films.
Filmography
- 1956 - "Carnival Night"
- 1962 - "Hussar Ballad"
- 1966 - "Beware of the car"
- 1973 - "Incredible Adventures of Italians in Russia"
- 1977 - "Service Roman"
- 1979 - "Garage"
- 1982 - "Train Station for Two"
- 1987 - "Forgotten Melody for Flute"
- 1991 - "Heaven Promised"
- 1996 - "Hi, foolie!"
- 2000 - "Old Klyachi"
- 2006 - "Andersen. Life without love "