Biography
Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, more known as Charlie Chaplin, was born in April 1889. In the Music Hall Pop Actors Family, he was the first common child. Before marriage with the father of Charlie - Charles Spencer Chaplin - Hannah gave birth to his first son Sydney Hill. His father was a kind of Jew Hawks. But after Marriage, Sydney Hill, like a single brother Charlie, got the name Chaplin.
Early childhood Charlie and his brother Side was happy. Father was extremely popular. He possessed a pleasant baritone, regularly invited to London Music Halls and toured a lot in Europe. But soon the problem with alcohol had previously been aggravated, and the 37-year-old Chaplin elder died in one of London's hospitals.
Widowed Mom Charlie continued to perform in Music-Hall, but she began to have a problem with larynx. Once a 5-year-old Charlie Chaplin, whom the mother constantly took with him, had to replace mom. When she could not resist his song, the direct boy went on stage and began to sing himself.
The defeated spectators threw it with coins and small bills. Charles, throwing a sing, under the laughter of the public gathered money and only then I bet. Probably, then the creative biography of Charlie Chaplin began.
Then his childhood ended. Hannah could no longer be performed. And soon, when the boy turned 7 years old, the mother lost his mind, and she was placed in a psychiatric hospital. Charlie and LEDs fell into the orphanage. At the age of 9, Charlie Chaplin was adopted in the Dance Group "Eight Lancashir Guys". It was here that he first laid the audience, depicting a cat at the Christmas Pantomime in 1900.
But in a year, Charlie left the group. He had to make a living and simply did not have time to do and attend school. Charlie Chaplin worked everywhere where he was taken. He sold the newspaper, helped in the hospital a medical examiner, worked in the printing house.
At the age of 14, Chaplin's dream came true: Charlie was accepted for a permanent job in the theater and received the role of a messenger in the formulation of Sherlock Holmes. It is noteworthy that the teenager was illiterate. Therefore, a brother LED helped to learn the role.
Films
In 1908, the 19-year-old Charlie Chaplin was adopted at Fred Carno Theater, where pantomimes and sketches for English musical Halls were preparing. Very soon, the young man becomes a key actor of most performances. After 2 years, the carno troupe goes on tour to America. Then Charlie Chaplin and decided that he would remain in the United States.
Once the performance of Chaplin saw Mac Sennet. The American film crews so much like the game that he invited the artist to work in his studio. In September 1913, Charlie Chaplin concluded a contract with Kistoun. The studio pledged to pay him 150 dollars complaining a week.
At first, things were not very good. Sennet even wanted to dismiss Charlie Chaplin, considering his decision to take him to work with an increasing. But after a year, the Englishman becomes a leading actor. Spectators like this rude hero of the expression of Mac Saintnet. But even more artist, they like when he retreats from the image invented by the Senet. When Chaplin, playing invented by the Seznet's Cza (or Chaise) makes a game more humanity and lyrism, the audience more warmly meet the hero.
Once Sennet asked Charlie Chaplin somehow in a new way to grated for the comedy picture "Children's car racing". Then the artist and came up with his new image, which is now familiar to all of us. This is a wide pants, too narrow jacket (business card), a small bowler, huge shoes, dressed not on that leg, and mustache.
So the image of little tramp was born. Over time, a cane, seen Charlie on one of the photos of the father, was added to this familiar to us all the appearance. Tramp instantly becomes megapopular. But when Charlie Chaplin achieves success, he begins to understand that it may be a more successful screenwriter and director than those who manage.
In 1914, the first chaplin film called "covered with the rain" appeared. Here Charles spoke not only as an actor, but for the first time as director and screenwriter. Unlike the Kystone Studio, with which Chaplin leaves, the studio "Essen Film" pays an artist on $ 1250 per week of work and 10 thousand for the contract.
In 1916-17, Muchuel Film pays for the work of the comedian even better: 10 thousand dollars a week and 150 thousand for the contract. In 1917, Charlie Chaplin signed a contract with the studio "Furst Neshnl" of 1 million dollars and became the most expensive actor of his time.
In 1919, Chaplin appears his own film studio "United Artists". At this studio, Charles Chaplin worked before the early 1950s, when he was forced to leave America forever. The most popular paintings, removed Charlie Chaplin on United Artists, were the full-length ribbons "Parisanka", "Golden Fever", "Lights of the Big City" and "New Times".
The painting "Parisanka" the audience was cooled. This is a psychological drama where Chaplin appeared only as Kameo. The habit of seeing the favorite image of a little tramp prevailed.
But critics very highly appreciated the new work of Charlie Chaplin, recognizing the author's talent behind him. "Golden Fever" and "Circus", published in the middle and late 1920s, were more warmly accepted and considered the classics of cinema.
When Chaplin arrives in the Native London in the 1920s, and then in Paris, there are huge crowds of fans. The second time, departure to Europe took place in the 1930s. Charlie Chaplin brought his new tapes "Lights of the Big City" and "New Times".
Persecution
Charlie Chaplin's debut in the sound of a movie took place in the 1940th. It was an antihygler picture "Great Dictator". In addition, it was the last tape in which Chaplin appeared in the image of a little tramp. With the outlet of the picture begins Chaplin's persecution. He is accused of anti-American activities and commitment to communist ideas. Edgar Hooker, head of the American FBI, activates the collection of a chaplin's dossier, started in the 1930s.
Pursuit peak came in the 1940s, when Charlie Chaplin took off his film "Monsoie Verda". He was banned for censorship. The artist began to water the compromising. They reproached Chaplin in everything: in ungratefulness to the sheltered country (the actor did not accept US citizenship), in the fact that he is a secret communist and a Jew. They fell into a personal life, pulling up on the surface of dirty underwear. Nevertheless, the Monsie Verda picture was nominated for Oscar for the best scenario.
It was possible to drive out the artist from America in 1952, when Chaplin went to London on the premiere of his painting "Lights Ramp". Goover has achieved from immigration services ban on the return of the artist in the United States. Charlie Chaplin settled in the Swiss city Vevey. Anticipating that it can be expelled from the country, Charlie leaves a power of attorney for all its own property with a spouse. And she, selling everything, moves with children to Switzerland.
Last years and death
In Switzerland, Charlie Chaplin continues to create. He wrote music to some of his silent films. He voiced "Golden Fever". In 1948, the story of the "ramp" comes out under the pen of the artist, which was as the basis of the Rampie Lights tape. In 1954, Chaplin is awarded to the International Peace Prize. And in 1957, Charlie Chaplin's film "King in New York" came out, where the actor fulfilled the main role.
After 7 years, the Great Mamy was published by memoirs, which were as the basis for the biographical picture "Chaplin", which the audience saw in 1992. The last film of Artist "Countess from Hong Kong" was delivered in 1967. To visit the US, Charlie Chaplin managed in 1972. He was given a short visa to arrive at the Oscar ceremony. It was the second statuette obtained by Charlie. After 3 years, the Queen of Great Britain Elizabeth II devoted Chaplin in the knights.
Charlie Chaplin did not work on December 25, 1977. He went in a dream. Buried the artist in the cemetery in Veve. But in March 1978, after kidnapping the coffin, with the aim of repaid, his dust was reburied in another Swiss city - Korc-sur-Vevey, the bay of the grave with a half-one-meter ball of concrete.
Personal life
The personal life of Charlie Chaplin is 4 marriage and 12 children (one of them genetic examination recognized non-vectors). The first spouse actor was Mildred Harris. Together, actors lived only 2 years. Their firstborn Norman died almost immediately after birth. With the second wife, Mita Gray Chaplin lived for 4 years.
To marry 16-year-old, Charlie had to take her to Mexico, where the marriage was registered. In this union, the sons of Charles Chaplin (Jr.) and Sydney Earl Chaplin were born. During the marriage process, the artist paid a huge amount of money as an explicit amount of money: according to various estimates from 700 to 850 thousand dollars.
With the third wife, the flight, Goddar Chaplin lived from 1932 to 1940s. After the divorce and moving to Switzerland, the flight was married to the writer Erich Maria Remarik. The fourth spouse of the British artist is Unaw O'Neill. Their wedding took place in 1943. Una was the younger husband for 36 years. Together they lived until the death of Chaplin. In this marriage, 3 sons were born and 5 daughters. The last child was born when the comedian turned 72 years old.
Filmography
- Children's car racing
- Caped rain
- Parisian
- Golden fever
- Lights of the big city
- New times
- Great dictator
- Monsiel Verda
- Lights ramp
- King in New York
- Countess from Hong Kong