Character History
"Master and Margarita" - the book of Mikhail Bulgakov, who excites the mind readers since 1967. Adult fans of mystical writer re-read this novel, each time discovering new horizons of the work, and the younger generation will plunge into the manuscript pages in order to trace the messages of Messira and his suits: Gella, Azazello, Hippo and Koroviev. Mikhail Afanasyevich managed to work out amazing images that make thinking:"So what is part of the strength that he always wants evil and always makes benefit?".History and prototypes
Bulgakov was like a skilled doctor and prose and a mysterious man. The pilpe of the mystery, which is shrouded by the biography of the writer, does not give peace by scientists trying to collect all the facts together. Therefore, the question is when Mikhail Afanasyevich came up with Master and Margarita, remains open, but literary crituals agree that the draft sketches were made in 1928-1929.
Moreover, in Mikhail Afanasyevich's debut notes, there was no love line of a nameless writer in a black hat and a woman who carried the "disgusting yellow flowers". Initially, the genius began to scrupulously collect information about the devil: In a special notebook, the exhaust sheets were kept from dictionaries, Mikhail Orlov's essays and excerpts from the works, which describes the unclean force.
In 1930, Bulgakov received a refusal from the chief executive committee: in the letter it was said that the play "Kabala Svyatosh" (1929) was not permitted to represent the theater, so Mikhail Afanasyevich threw his notes about Lucifer in the oven. But, as you know, "manuscripts are not burning," therefore, most of the passages, namely two thick notebooks with isoroned sheets, survived.
In 1932, Mikhail Afanasyevich again returns to his idea and sits down for writing the novel, without using the author's lyricism. True, Bulgakov relied on the classic biblical plot and did the devil with the tempter and the provocateur, whereas in the final version of Woland acts as a witness and observer. In 1940, Bulgakov's health begins to deteriorate sharply: the kidney disease was discovered in the genius of literature.
Mikhail Afanasyevich was chained to bed and, overcoming the strongest pain, dictated to his wife Elena Sergeyevna excerpts from the work: about the adventures of Koroviev, the journey of the steppes of Lyarkheev and cloudless days in Griboedov and the theater "Varieta".
Roman saw the light only in 1966 (67), the widow of the writer edited the manuscript of about twenty years. Woland became one of the brightest and memorable characters. This hero has no true prototype, because the image of the black mage is collective. The writer himself said:
"I do not want to give reason to fans looking for prototypes. Voland has no prototypes. "Mikhail Bulgakov called Messira by the main opponent of the Heavenly Force - Satan. At least, an analogy with the religious personification of evil seems to researchers obvious. In addition, the writer relied on the predecessor, the German poet of Johanna Guete, who presented this to the world of "Faust": during his childhood in Kiev, Bulgakov, he was glad to listen to the same name of Charles Pudner.
In fact, Woland has a similarity with the heteval evil spirit, besides, referring to this character is present in the novel epigraph and the 29th chapter, when Professor of Black Magic sits on a stone terrace, putting a sharp chin on his fist and preparing for parting with Moscow. Thereby, the similarity with the sculpture of "Mephistofel", made of marble by Mark Antorthska, is discovered. Yes, and the master in the first editions was called Faust.
The playwright Edward Radzinsky saw the similarity between Woland and Joseph Stalin, and some researchers associate Messira with the apostle Peter and with the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. Among other things, literary crowns are interested in the meaning of the devil. The fact is that in the German folklore demon called the Balay, whereas in Fauste, Mephistofel utters a phrase:
"The nobleman of Woland goes!".Image
Mikhail Bulgakov described in detail the appearance of Voland from the first pages of the work, so readers do not have difficulty with the representation of the image of this hero. The hypnotist appeared before regulars of the bookstore with tall and smooth-closed brunette, with the mouth curves (the corner is drawn to the bottom) and by different eyebrows: one above the other. Consequently, at the expression of the face of Messira, the share of surprise was traced.
The devil's eyes were also different from each other: the right eye was still, empty and black, as if dead, and the other was bright green and alive. Bulgakov's fans guess that the Roman "Master and Margarita" is solid parallels that will find only an avid lover of this work.
Indeed, in the appearance of the representative of the bright side - Yeshua Ga-Nozri - you can find the echoes of Woland, and vice versa. When the rebel appeared in Pilate Pilate Pilate, he looked like this: in the corner of the mouth there was a bleeding wound, and the left eye decorate the dark bruise. The skin on the face of the black magician was tanned, whereas during the execution of Yeshua, the scoring sun burned.
Further, Voland had a frightening smile, and not only the twisted mouth was contributed, but also his teeth: on the one hand, platinum crowns, on the other - gold. Satan appeared before Ivan the homeless and Mikhail Berlioz in an expensive suit, lacquered shoes and with a cane with an embodied in the form of a poodle.
By the way, here the Bulgakov again gives tribute to the "Foust", because Mephistofel appeared in front of the professor in the image of this pet. Woland constantly pursues the moon, which is a symbol of unclean power, because all mystical is going on under the cover of the night. It is very interesting that the word "damn": the inhabitants of Moscow are constantly heard in the Romana: residents of Moscow are "drawn" without a branch of conscience, as if calling Satan.
"What is it with me? That was never ... Heart Shalit ... I was overwhelmed. Perhaps it's time to quit everything to hell and in Kislovodsk ... "- Mikhail Berlioz thought, seeing the korovyev soaring in the air.Before guests, Woland appears in an unsightly form: in a dirty and stupid night shirt. It is worth noting that the clothes of Yeshua, namely Blue Hiton, turned into a ribbon rag, from which even executioners refused. On the ball, the hypnotist appears in black robe, black gloves and with a sword.
The researchers believe that the behavior of Voland's behavior is not natural, and it looks like theatrical motives: it appears spectacularly and suddenly disappears, as if an actor on the stage stage scenes.
The Lord of Darkness is extremely polite, the stopper, often smiles in a conversation, has a sharp mind and knows everything. He could not only assume that the Annushka will sprinkle sunflower oil. The book says that the Devil is immortal, has magical abilities and exists out of time.
Roman "Master and Margarita"
In the work of Bulgakov, Woland plays not a secondary, but a fundamental role. A stranger in black robe appears at the beginning of the novel and demonstrates incredible power readers. Between the poet Ivan the homeless and literary editor, Mikhail Berlioz began a conversation about God, and passing by (and maybe he should have been there) Woland decided to get involved in the conversation of two atheists.True, this conversation on the patriarch ended sadly: Mikhail Alexandrovich literally lost his head, and his comrade lost his mind. But, as mentioned above, Voland had no goal to provoke or push for an evil, he was not the devil who always whispers in his ear: only the sinners received the merit, and Woland only watched this life game. In the novel, Voland, immoral behavior, greed, non-professionality, inflation, and the devil looked at this idea and noted:
"Ordinary people ... in general, remind the same ... the apartment question only spoiled them ..."Messir knows the thoughts of people in advance, so in the novel performs the function of the judge. The bright feature of Voland is justice, as everyone gets according to its faith. Woland not only conducts a magic session in the "variety" and scares the neighbors of the fiftieth apartment that on the street is a large garden 302-bis, but also suits the Satan Ball.
The Devil's event gather the most revealed sinners: counterfeiters, killers, state traitors, evidence, and other distinguished personality. In the climax of the novel, the nature of Voland and Margarita was revealed, and some writers were even inspired by the ending work, for example, the writer Pavel Sanaev called the subtitle of his book "Spore on the Ball of Voland."
Films
Mikhail Bulgakov Roman tried to shield famous directors many times, but, as if for some kind of mystical circumstances, not everyone managed to do this. There is even a superstition that Mikhail Afanasyevich was against the transfer of the book on the TV screens, so damnshchina occurs on the shooting sites: the budget is missing for the work of special effects and characters, then the party officials were dumbfounded by the word "it is impossible", then legal proceedings began.
Rumors and speculations went after Vladimir Naumov, who scrupulously worked the script, dreamed of Elena Sergeyevna (Bulgakov's wife), who demanded to cancel the work on the film. But, nevertheless, the directors managed to release several works:
- 1972 - "Master and Margarita" (Italy, Yugoslavia, Alexander Petrovich)
- 1988 - "Master and Margarita" (Poland, Matsu Volyshko)
- 1994 - "Master and Margarita" (Russia, Yuri Kara)
- 2005 - "Master and Margarita" (Russia, Vladimir Bortko)
Actors
The list of actors who managed to try on the role of Almighty Voland, is small. The first who reincarnated in a fair devil was the French and Italian actor Alain Kyuni, who played in the 1972 picture. The film is very different from the original writer, although awarded the National Prize and the ICF Prize in Venice. Kyuni managed to enter the role, but externally he did not resemble Voland: instead of the Trenet, the audience see a gray man in a gray coat.
In 1988, the Polish director Matsu Volyshko took over the Roman Bulgakov, who managed to conquer positive reviews of the audience and fans of Mikhail Afanasyevich, because his screening of the mini-series is practically no different from the book. This time, Gustav Mustubek, familiar from the films, was spoken in the guise of the Lord of Hell: "Blue Cross" (1955), "Maryna and Napoleon" (1966), "Fire and Sword" (1999).
Further, the image of Satan tried to Russian actor Valentin Gaft, who noticed in an interview:
"My wave is not a devil, but a messenger of light forces!"Valentin Josephovych said that the devil is the most positive character of the Bulgakovsky novel. In the film "Master and Margarita", which was shot in 1994, played Victor Rakov, Nikolay Burlyaev, Alexander Filippenko, Sergey Garmash, Leonid Kuravlev and other representatives of cinematic skills.
In 2005, Vladimir Bortko took a decree for the decree, and it must be said that the director tried to maximize the manuscript of Mikhail Afanasyevich on a film. The musical component did not fail, the main theme of the series is "Hymn of Voland" Igor Kornelyuk.
Since the timing on a full-fledged film was clearly not enough, Vladimir Vladimirovich created a mini-series. The role of Voland got Oleg Basilashvili. The appearance of the actor does not suit the description, but Oleg Valerianovich brilliantly performed a supporter of the forces of Darkness.
It is noteworthy that the initial role of Messira had to get Oleg Yankovsky, but the artist did not experience fate and refused this image. Also Borthko considered Gary Oldman, Jean Reno and Claus Maria Brandauer. In addition to Basilashvili, played by Alexander Galibin, Vladislav Galkin, Kirill Lavrov, Alexander Abdulov, Sergey Bezrukov and Alexander Bashirov.
Quotes
"Never ask for nothing! Never anything, and especially those who are stronger than you. It will offer themselves and everyone will give everything! "" Yes, the man is mortal, but it would be more Polbie. Bad is that he is sometimes suddenly mortal, that's what focus! And at all, it can not say what he will do in today's evening. "" Something, the will of yours, unknown lightening in men, avoiding wine, games, lovers of adorable women, a feast conversation. Such people or severely sick, or in secretly hate others. True, exceptions are possible. Among those who have been treated with me for a fellow table, sometimes amazing scoundrels came across! "" We are talking to you in different languages, as always, - the wave responded, - but things we are talking about, do not change from this. "" The second freshness - That's what nonsense! Freshness is only one - the first, it is the last. And if the sturgeon is the second freshness, then it means that it is fucked! "Interesting Facts
- The cosmology of the novel "Master and Margarita" is different from the classic biblical plot, although there are two opposite sides of good and evil in the book. At Bulgakov, they are equal, and "every department is engaged in its affairs." Woland is not able to forgive Pilate and Frido, and Yeshua has no right to pick up the masters.
- According to rumors, the novel is shielded in the United States. What happens to American Cinemaers - it's hard to judge, but the TV series "Scores of a young doctor" (2012-2013, United Kingdom), where the Bulgakovsky Hero performed Daniel Radcliffe, failed foreigners.
- In the early editions of Voland called Astarotom, and the novel wore the names of the "hoof engineer" and "Black Mag".
- Bulgakov described Woland as a middle-aged person, whereas in the television series "Master and Margarita" Oleg Basilashvili turned 71 years old. Pontius Pilate in the book is also young, but the actor (Kirill Lavrov), who performed the role of the procurator, was almost 80.
- In the draft manuscripts of the novel, the description of the appearance of Woland occupied the whole fifteen pages.