Biography
Pavel Petrovich Bazhova's biographers say that this writer had a happy fate. The great age has lived a long and peaceful life saturated with events. All political coups Master Feather perceived relatively calmly and in those troubled times managed to achieve recognition and fame. For many years, the Bazhov was engaged in his loved one - she tried to make a fairy tale.
Its works are still popular with young people and older generation. Perhaps, there are few people who have not seen the Soviet cartoon "Silver Kopyts" or did not read the collection of stories "Malachite Casket", which includes the "Stone Flower", "Sinaushkin Well" and "expensive name".
Childhood and youth
Pavel Petrovich Bazhov was born 15 (27 in a new style) January 1879. The future writer grew and brought up in the average family. His father Peter Bazhov (initially the surname was written across the letter "E"), a leaving of the peasants of a field volost, worked at the mining site in the town of Sysert, that in the Sverdlovsk region. Later, the Bazhov moved to Polevskaya village. The parent of the writer earned a hard work for bread, and did not do agriculture: there were no arable land in Sysert. Peter was a hardworking person and a rare specialist in his business, but the heads of the man did not complain, so the older progress changed not one workplace.
The fact is that the head of the family loved to catch a hot drink and often leaving. But not this bad habit became a stumbling block between the leaders and subordinates: the junction of the boxes did not know how to keep the tongue of his teeth, so it criticized the working top in the fluff and dust. Later, the "talkative" Peter, who for this reason was called the drill, took back, because such professionals are valued for gold weight. True, the factory authority did not immediately bonded to forgiveness, the Bazhov had to wade a workplace for a long time. At the moments of the thunderness, the Bazhov family remained without livelihood, they saved the random earnings of the head of the family and the crafts of his wife Augustus Stefanovna (Osintseva).
The writer's mother took place from Polish peasants, led a household and raised Paul. In the evening he was fond of needlework: the lace was blurred, the openwork stockings knitted and created other cozy little things. But because of this painstaking work, which was carried out in the dark, the woman had a strong impaired vision. By the way, despite the initial character of Peter, he had friendly relations with his son. Grandmother Paul even used to say that his father had plunged all the time and forgives any leprosy. And in August, Stefanovna had a soft and flexible character at all, so the child was brought up in love and harmony.
Pavel Petrovich Bazhov grew up diligent and inquisitive boy. Before moving, he visited the Zemsto school in Sysert, studied perfectly. Paul grabbed items on the fly, whether it is Russian or mathematics, and every day he pleased the relatives with five in the diary. Bazzov recalled that thanks to Pushkin managed to get a decent education. The future writer took the Tomik of the Great Russian Writer in the local library in harsh conditions: the librarian jokingly ordered the young man to learn all the works by heart. But Paul treated this task seriously.
Later, his school teacher told about the student to a friend-veterinarian as a gifted child from the working family, who knows the creation of Alexander Sergeevich. Impressed by the talented young men, the branch gave the boy a ticket to life and provided a decent education from the poor family. Pavel Bazhov graduated from the Ekaterinburg spiritual school, and then entered the Permian spiritual seminary. The young man was invited to continue learning and get a church san, however, a young man did not want to serve in the church, but dreamed of korping over textbooks on a university bench. In addition, Pavel Petrovich was not religious, but rather a revolutionary man.
But there was not enough money for further education. Peter Bazhov died of liver disease, had to be content with the pension of Augustus Stefanovna. Therefore, without having received a university diploma, Pavel Petrovich worked as a teacher in the spiritual colleges of Yekaterinburg and Kamyshlov, taught students Russian and literature. Bazhova loved every lecture was perceived by a gift, he read the works of great classics sensually and with a soul. Pavel Petrovich was one of those rare teachers who could even interest even an avid two and fume.
Girls in the school had a kind of custom: they piled a bows of multicolored satin ribbons to their favorite teachers. Pavel Petrovich Bazhova did not have a free space on the jacket, because "the signs of differences" he had the most. It is worth saying that Pavel Petrovich participated in political events and perceived the October revolution as something proper and fundamental. In his opinion, the renunciation of Nicholas II from the throne and the Bolshevik coup should have committed to social inequality and provide the inhabitants of the country a happy future.
Until 1917, Pavel Petrovich was a member of the party of socialist revolutionaries, a civil war fought on the side of the Reds, organized underground and developed a strategy in case of falling Soviet power. Also, the Bazhov was at the post of head of the trade union bureau and the Office of National Education. Later Pavel Petrovich headed the editorial activity, released a newspaper. Among other things, the writer organized schools and called on to struggle with illiteracy. In 1918, the master of the word joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Literature
As you know, being a student, Pavel Petrovich lived in Yekaterinburg and Perm, where instead of wildlife around were solid railways, and instead of small houses - stone apartments in several floors. In cultural cities, life beat the key: people went to theaters and discussed secular events behind the restaurants tables, but Paul adored to return to the native land.
There he met a semi-mounted folklore: the local old nickname is heard ("cup") - the watchman Vasily Khmelinin - he adored to tell folk tales, the main characters of which were mythical characters: silver hoofs, hostess of the copper mountain, fireproof, blue snake and grandma Synyushka.
Grandfather Vasily Alekseevich explained that all his stories are based on life and describe "ancient life". This difference between the Ural tales from the fairy tales, Khmelinin emphasized especially. Local bastard and adults did not hear each grandfather's word. Pavel Petrovich was also among the listeners, who absorbed the amazing-magical stories of Khmelinin as if sponge.
Sincere time and his love for folk creativity began: the books carefully led the notebook, where the Ural songs, legends, legends and riddles were collected. In 1931, a conference on Russian folklore was held in Moscow and Leningrad. As a result of the meeting, the task was to study the modern worker and collective farm & dash; proletarian folklore, then it was decided to create a compilation "Pre-revolutionary folklore in the Urals". Searching for materials was to do local history Vladimir Biryukov, but the scientist did not find the necessary sources.
Therefore, the publication was headed by Bazhov. Pavel Petrovich collected folk epics as a writer, and not as a folkloride scientist. Bazhov knew about passporting, but did not spend it. Also, the master of the pen adhered to the principle: the heroes of his works - immigrants from Russia or the Urals (even if these assumptions were contrary to the facts, the writer rejected everything that was not in favor of his homeland).
In 1936, Pavel Petrovich published the first work entitled "Girl Azovka". Later, in 1939, the collection of the Malachite Casket came to the circulation, which during the life of the author was replenished with new tale from Vasily Khmelinin. But, according to rumors, once Bazhov admitted that he did not rewrite his stories with alien mouth, but composed them.
Personal life
It is known that for a long time Pavel Petrovich was not involved in relations with women. The writer was not deprived of the attention of lovely ladies, but at the same time was not and Donzhuan: the Bazhov did not dip himself with his head into fleeting passions and novels, and led a ascetic bachelor life. Why up to 30 years Bazhov remained lonely, it is difficult to explain. The writer was fond of work and did not want to spray on the ladies passing past, and also believed in sincere love. However, it happened: the 32-year-old folkloride suggested the hand and heart of 19-year-old Valentina Aleksandrovna Ivanitskaya, a former student. A serious and educated girl answered consent.
It turned out to be a marriage for life, beloved raised four children (seven had been born in the family, but three died in infant age from diseases): Olga, Elena, Alexey and Ariadna. Contemporaries remember that the house reigned the comfort and did not occur, so that the spouses burden household or other differences. From Bazhov it was impossible to hear the name of Valya or Valentine, because Pavel Petrovich called his sweetheart nicknames: Valyanushka or valest. The writer did not like to be late, but even going to the meeting in a hurry, returned to the threshold, if forgot to kiss the farewell to a hot beloved wife.
Pavel Petrovich and Valentina Aleksandrovna lived happily and supported each other. But, as in any other mortal, in the life of the writer, there were as cloudless and the seaside days. Bazhov had to survive a terrible grief - the death of a child. Young Alexei died due to an accident at the factory. It is also known that Pavel Petrovich, though he was a busy person, but always allocated time for conversations with children. It is noteworthy that with the siblings, the father conspired as adults, gave the right to vote and listened to their opinions.
"The ability to know everything about your loved ones was an amazing feature of the Father. He has always been busy anymore, but he had enough peace of mind to be aware of the worries, joys and grief of each, "said Ariadne Bazhov in the book" Eyes of his daughter. "Death
Shortly before the death of Pavel Petrovich stopped writing and began to read lectures, which strengthened the spirit of the people during the Great Patriotic War.
The Great Writer died in the winter of 1950. The grave of the Creator is located on the hill (central alley) in Yekaterinburg in the Ivanovo cemetery.
Bibliography
- 1924 - "Urals were"
- 1926 - "For Soviet Truth";
- 1937 - "Formation on the go"
- 1939 - "Green Falink"
- 1939 - "Malachite Casket"
- 1942 - "Key-stone"
- 1943 - "Takes about the Germans"
- 1949 - "Far - close"