Biography
He was a successful entrepreneur and for several years managed to learn a major fortune, which would have enough to ensure the whole family - wives and five children. But at one point, this man came home and stated that he wanted boring financial employment to exchange on oil paints, brushes and canvas. Thus, he left the stock exchange and, fond of his loved business, left with anything.
Now the post permixionist canvas of the Gaugaen fields are not estimated not one million dollars. For example, in 2015, the picture of the artist called "When Wedding?" (1892), depicting two taits and a picturesque tropical landscape, was sold at auction for $ 300 million. But it turned out that during the lifetime, a talented Frenchman, like his colleague in Van Gogh, did not receive well-deserved recognition and glory. For the sake of art, Gaen deliberately obstructed himself to the existence of a poor waller and exchanged a rich life for an uncomfortable poverty.
Childhood and youth
The future artist was born in the city of Love - the capital of France - June 7, 1848, at that troubled time, when the country of Cezanna and Parmesan was waiting for political shocks, reflected in the lives of all citizens - from non-visual merchants to major entrepreneurs. Father Field, Klovis, - Nelean's fine bourgeoisie, who worked by a liberal journalist in the local newspaper "Naconal" and scrupulously covered the chronicles of public affairs.
His wife Alina Maria was a native of Sunny Peru, grew and brought up in a notable family. Alina's mother and, accordingly, grandmother of Gajen, illegitimate daughter of the nobleman of Don Mariano and Flora Tistan, adhered to the political ideas of utopian socialism, became the author of the critical essays and the autobiographical book of "Watching Party". The Union of Flora and her husband Andre Chazala ended sadly: Mount-Beloved attacked his spouse and went to prison for an attempt on murder.
Due to political coups to France, Klovis, worrying for the safety of the family, was forced to escape from the country. In addition, the authorities covered the publisher, where he worked, and the journalist remained without livelihood. Therefore, the head of the family, together with his spouse and young children, went on a ship in Peru in 1850.
Hojen's father was filled with good hope: he dreamed of settling in the South American state and under the auspices of the parents of the spouse to establish his own newspaper. But the plans of the man could not come true, because during the path Klovis unexpectedly died from a heart attack. Therefore, Alina returned to the homeland widow together with the 18-month Gauguen and his 2-year-old sister Marie.
Paul before the seventh age lived in the ancient South American state, the mountain scenic outskirts of which excitement of the imagination of any person. Behind the young Gauguen was an eye yes Eye: in the estate of uncle in Lima, his servants and nurses were surrounded. Paul retained a bright memory of the period of childhood, he recalled the infinite open spaces with pleasure, the impressions of which pursued the gifted artist the rest of his life.
The idyllic childhood of Hogen in this tropical parades suddenly ended. Due to civilian peruvian conflicts in 1854, famous relatives from the mother lost political power and privileges. In 1855, Alina, along with Marie, returned to France to get the inheritance from uncle. The woman settled in Paris and began to make money on the girl's bread, and Paul remained in Orleans, where he was brought up by his grandfather in the father's line. Thanks to persistence and work in 1861, the parental of Gauguen became the owner of his own sewing workshop.
After several local schools, Mogen sent to the prestigious Catholic boarding school (Petit Saint-Mesmin). Paul was a diligent student, therefore succeeded in many subjects, but in particular the well-talented young man was given French.
When the future artist was 14 years old, he entered the Paris Naval Preparatory School and was preparing for admission to a nautical school. But, fortunately, or regret, in 1865, the young man failed the exams at the admission committee, therefore, without losing hope, he hired to the ship by Lotsman. Thus, the young Gajan went on a journey through infinite water spaces and for all the time traveled many countries, visited South America, on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, explored the North Sea.
While Paul was swimming, his mother died from illness. Gaen has been in the middle of the terrible tragedy for several months until the letter with the unpleasant news from the sister did not overtake him on the way to India. In the will, Alina recommended the offspace to make a career, because, in her opinion, Gaugugen will not be able to rely on friends or relatives in case of misfortune.
Paul did not re-reworked the last will of the parent and in 1871 he went to Paris in order to start an independent life. The young man was lucky, as a friend of Mother Gustave Arose helped a 23-year-old orphaned guy to get out of the dirt in the prince. Gustave, Exchange Decaler, recommended fields in the company, at the expense of which the young man received a broker.
Painting
Talented Gaugugen succeeded in his profession, the man began to be found. For ten years, he became a venerable person in society and managed to provide a family comfortable apartment in the city center. Like his guardian Gustavuu Arose, Paul began to buy pictures of famous impressionists, and in his free time, Gogen inspired by the canvas began to try his talent.
In the period from 1873 to 1874, Paul created the first bright landscapes, which reflected Peruvian culture. One of the debut works of the young artist is the "Forest Chicken in Virofte" - was exhibited in the cabin and received enthusiastic reviews of critics. Soon the novice master met the Kamil Pissarro, a French painter. Warm friendly relationships began between these two creative people, Gaen often visited his mentor in the north-western suburb of Paris - Pontoise.
The artist who hate secular life and loving privacy, increasingly spent his free time for painting paintings, gradually broker begin to perceive not as an employee of a large company, but as a gifted artist. In many ways, the fate of Gauguen affected the acquaintance with some Edgar Degi, the original representative of the Impressionism. Degi supports fields both morally and financially, buying its expressive canvas.
In search of inspiration and relaxation from the noisy capital of France, the master gathered a suitcase and went on a journey. So he was in Panama, Van Gogh lived in Arles, Visited Brittany. In 1891, recalling a happy childhood spent on the motherland of the mother, Gauguen leaves for Tahiti - a volcanic island, whose expanses give the will of fantasy. He admired coral reefs, dense jungle, where the juicy fruits grow, and the azure sea shores. Paul tried to transmit all of the seen natural paints on the canvases, due to which the creations of Gohyen were obtained by original and bright.
The artist watched what was happening around and peeped with sensitive artistic eyes imprinted in his works. So, the plot of the paintings "A, are you jealous?" (1892) appeared before the eyes of Hogen in reality. Just filling two sisters-Tahitians lay down in casual poses ashore under the scorching sun. From the maiden dialogue about the love of Gajn heard discords: "How? Are you jealous!". Later, Paul confuded that this canvas is one of his favorite creations.
In the same 1892, Master wrote a mystical fabric "Spirit of the Dead Not Drempt", made in gloomy, mysterious purple tones. The visor of the viewer appears nude Taitian, lying on the bed, and behind it the Spirit in a gloomy robe. The fact is that once in the lamp the artist ended oil. He chirped the match to illuminate the space, thereby scaring the tech. Paul began to reflect, this girl could take the artist not for a person, but for the ghost or spirit, whom the Taitian is very afraid. These mystical meditation of Hogen inspired the plot of the paintings.
A year later, the master writes another picture called "Woman holding fruit." Following my manner, Gaugen signs this masterpiece by the second, Maori, the name Euhaereiaoe ("Where [You] go?"). In this work, as in all the works of the field, man and nature are static, as if merged together. Initially, this canvas acquired a Russian merchant frost, currently the work is located in the walls of the State Hermitage. Among other things, the author of the "sewing woman" in the last years of his life wrote the book "Noanoa", published in 1901.
Personal life
Paul Gaen in 1873 made a proposal of the Hand and Hearts of the Dane. Matt-Sophia Gad, who answered consent and presented the beloved of four children: two boys and two girls. Gogen adored his first-grandfather Emil, who was born in 1874. Many craftsmen of the masters of brushes and paints decorate the image of a serious boy, who, judging by the works, was fond of reading books.
Unfortunately, the family life of the Great Impressionist was not cloudless. Master's paintings were not sold and did not bring their own income, and the artist's spouse did not adhere to the opinion that with a cute paradise and in a halary. Due to the plight of the field, which barely reduced the ends with the ends, there was often quarrels and conflicts between the spouses. After arriving at Tahiti Gogen, he took his wife a young local beauty.
Death
So far, Gogen was in Papeete, he worked very productively and managed to write about eighty cauldons, which are considered the best in his all-line list. But fate prepared a talented man new obstacles. Gogen failed to receive recognition and glory in a circle of the admirers of creativity, so he plunged into depression.
Because of the black strip, which came in his life, Paul more than once took suicide attempts. The spiritual state of the artist gave rise to the oppression of health, the author of the "Breton village under the snow" fell ill with leprosy. The great master died on the island on May 9, 1903 at the age of 54.
Unfortunately, as often, it happens, Glory came to Gauguen only after death: three years after the death of Matra, his canvases put in Paris for everyone to see. In memory of the field in 1986, the film "Wolf on the threshold" was removed, where the role of the artist performed the famous actor Hollywood Donald Sutherland. Also, the British Prose Somerset Moem wrote the biographical work of the "Moon and Gross", where the prototype of the main character was Paul Gauguen.
Work
- 1880 - "Sewing Woman"
- 1888 - "Vision after sermon"
- 1888 - "Cafe in Arle"
- 1889 - "Yellow Christ"
- 1891 - "Woman with a flower"
- 1892 - "The Spirit of the Dead does not sleep"
- 1892 - "A, are you jealous?"
- 1893 - "Woman holding fruit"
- 1893 - "Her name of Vairaumati"
- 1894 - "Fun evil spirit"
- 1897-1898 - "How did we come from? Who are we? Where are we going?"
- 1897 - "More Never" "
- 1899 - "Fruit Collection"
- 1902 - "Still-life with parrots"