Biography
Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio is a famous Italian artist, author of religious paintings. Mostly drew young men. The works of the author are exhibited in the best galleries of the world - Uffizi, Hermitage, Metropolitan Museum, Louvre, Prado.Childhood and youth
In one of the corners of Italy, a future artist Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio was born under Lombardy in 1571. The researchers could not determine the exact place and date of the birth, and the documentary references were not preserved. Perhaps the Creator was born in Milan or near him - to Caravaggio.
Michelangelo became the eldest son in the builder's family. The artist had three brothers and younger sister. Caravaggio lived not poorly, as the father had a good salary and construction education.
Five years after the birth of Caravaggio, the plague epidemic began in Milan. It was possible to avoid infection only with the help of moving to another city. But it did not help. A year later, after a long sickness, the head of the family dies. This period for Caravaggio was not easy.
In the biography of the artist a lot of white spots. Data on 8 years of life Michelangelo after the death of the father was kanalu in the fly. It is known that a young man in 1584 went to study to Milancans Simone Petersano. After passing the course, Caravaggio had to give the title of the artist, but the official confirmations of this fact was not preserved.
In 1592, Caravaggio collided with a new test - the loss of mother. The inheritance was divided into equal parts between the children. Thanks to these money, Michelangelo was able to go to Rome. The artist heard a man with a difficult character, constantly got involved in fights, went to jail.
Painting
The first years of life in Rome were not easy for Caravaggio. A young artist with difficulty could earn food and housing, but luck turned to him. Trendy At the time, the painter Cesari d'Arpino accepted Michelangelo to the post of assistant in a personal workshop. So far, an unknown creator created still lifes in the paintings of D'Arpino. While working in the workshop, the author creates works "Boy with a basket of fruit" and "Little Patient Wakm".
Soon Cardinal Francesco Maria del Monte became the patron of Caravaggio. The artist got access to the creative society of Rome. In gratitude, Michelangelo gave Cardinal his own written picture of the "fruit basket", and then a few more works - "Butterist" and "Vakh".
During this period, a few works enter the list of world heritage from under the brush Karavago. This is "fortune teller", "Amur-winner", "Narcissa". The artist's eyes appear new directions - "clean" still life and "adventurism" in painting. The followers of Michelangelo often used them in the works.
Caravaggio often resorted to religious topics. From the early works you can allocate "Holy Marfa talking with Maria Magdalina", "Holy Ekaterina Alexandria", "Holy Maria Magdalene", "Ecstasy of St. Francis", "Judith and Oriferne", "Holidays in Egypt", "Abraham Sacrifice" .
At the end of the XVI century, Caravaggio wrote two cycles of paintings telling about the life of the Apostles. Some works were transferred to the Church of San Luigi Dei Francise, located in Rome. These paintings are devoted to the apostle Matthew. Two works have reached this day - "The Martyrdom of the Apostle Matthew" and "the vocation of the apostle Matthew".
Two Capella in the Church of Santa Maria Del Popolo in Rome are also decorated with the works of Caravaggio. Here they were located "Crucifixion of the Apostle Peter" and "Savla's appeal." Cooperation with religious houses lasted long enough. Already in the XVII century, paintings "Position in the coffin", "Madonna di Loreto" and "Mary's Assumption" appeared. The works were located in the churches of Sant Agostino and Santa Maria-In-Valetella.
The last few years of life Michelangelo Caravaggio wandered, trying to avoid punishment. In creative terms, this period was rich in masterpieces. At this time, Caravaggio appeared altar paintings "Madonna Rosary", "Seven Mercy Affairs", "Bacheling of Christ". Their artist wrote for Naples.
Being in Malta, Caravaggio created "Holy Jerome" and "Condition of the head of John the Baptist." In Sicily, from under the brush of Maestro, "the burial of the holy laying", "Resurrection of Lazarus", "Worship of Shephers". At the sunset of life, Michelangelo writes the picture "David from the head of Goliath". Presumably work is a self portrait.
In the London National Gallery, one of the early works of the artist is currently exposed - "Boy, bited by a lizard." The author wrote a picture in two versions. Art historians still argue who is depicted on canvas. There are two versions: Beloved Caravaggio or Maestro himself.
In the gallery of Doria Pamfili there is another early work of the artist - "Running Marina Magdalene." This is a rare picture on which a young girl is depicted. Caravaggio special attention was paid to the details: on the floor laid decorations, it is a jug with a drink, patterns on a dress are drawn.
In the Uffiza, you can look at the interesting job of Michelangelo. The picture "Medusa" was created on a strained on a wooden substrate canvas. This creation was created specifically for Cardinal Francesco del Monte, who wanted to make a gift Ferdinand I, Great Duke Tuscan.
The picture "John the Baptist" is on storage in the Tedalsky Cathedral. A young young man is depicted on the canvas. There is a lot of rumors around this work. Art historians believe that authorship can belong to one of the followers of Caravaggio. Others argue that the picture was written by Michelangelo specifically for the abbot of the hospital of consolation.
In the National Gallery of Ireland, a picture "Kiss Judah" is posted. The work is based on the submission of Caravaggio about the last days of the life of Jesus Christ. A scandalous story is connected with this web. It turned out that a copy of the picture was represented in Odessa, which was subsequently stolen. Meanwhile, the original is in Ireland to this day.
In the Borghese Gallery, located in Rome, you can get acquainted with one job Michelangelo Caravaggio - "Madonna with a child and St. Anna". Two women and baby are presented on the canvas. Photos of many paintings of Caravaggio are placed in special albums dedicated to world art.
Personal life
Michelangelo Caravaggio was not married. At the same time, the man preferred to draw naked boys, and not women. This led to the fact that many began to attribute the artist to representatives of non-traditional orientation. And in the XX century, Caravaggio was even called gay icon. Official evidence of this fact has not yet been discovered.
In 1986, I saw the light of the film "Caravaggio", in which they told about the unconventional sexual orientation of Michelangelo. The beloved artist played the British actor Sean Bean. This is his first role of this nature.
Death
In Italy, Michelangelo Caravaggio is known for creativity, which caused a lot of disputes and scandals in society. Unfortunately, he not only caused reformation, but also by behavior. The violator regularly crime the law and was on the verge of imprisonment. Caravaggio had no permission to carry cold weapons, but the artist did not stop.
Michelangelo threw a tray in the waiter, broke the glass in someone else's house. It was tired of guards, so the artist was imprisoned in prison. And in 1606 a man killed a man. The tragedy happened while playing the ball. In order not to be behind bars, Caravaggio ran away. The last 4 years of life, the author of world masterpieces spent in exile.
Michelangelo hoped for pardon, so he was hiding near Rome, but later went to Naples. Was in Malta Travel List. On the island of the artist dedicated to the Knights for merits in front of the Maltese Order. But again he showed unrestrained character and entered into a fight. Moreover, the Opponent of Caravaggio became a high-ranking adviser to the Order. Soon the artist managed to escape from prison on Sicily.
The danger from the Italian authorities passed, but a new one appeared - representatives of the Order. In 1609, Michelangelo managed to escape from them, but at the same time he suffered. The pursuers dismissed the face of the artist. Later, Caravaggio was again in prison, but by mistake. The death of the Creator fell on July 18, 1610. Michelangelo died from malaria. The great artist was 39 years old.
Michelangelo Caravaggio buried in a group grave. Later, the remains of the men found. The lead content in the bones turned out to be exceeded several times. Note that in those days this element was added to the paint. Perhaps not malaria killed the artist, but the profession.
Work
- 1593 - "Youth with a fruit basket"
- 1595 - "Musicians"
- 1596 - "Boy bited by a lizard"
- 1597 - "Walking Magdalene"
- 1597 - "Medusa"
- 1598 - "Judith and Olofern"
- 1599 - "Narcissus"
- 1600 - "Martyrdom of St. Matthew"
- 1601 - "Crucifixion of St. Peter"
- 1602 - Amur-winner
- 1603 - "The burial of Christ"
- 1604 - "John the Baptist"
- 1605 - "Portrait of Pope Paul V"
- 1606 - "Maria Magdalene in Ecstasy"
- 1607 - "Seven Acts of Mercy"
- 1608 - "Detection of John the Baptist"
- 1609 - "Lazarus Resurrection"
- 1610 - "David from the head of Goliath"