Biography
The forties of the XX centuries were marked in Russia not only by the largest and bloody war in the entire history of human existence, but also the heroic feats of the people. In memory of those times, except for monuments and sadness, we remained poetry and the prose of Russian writers of the post-war period, who seen from the inside the pain of a destroyed country, which carried almost across the century in their works.Childhood and youth
David Samoilov is a pseudonym of the Russian poet, the translator of the Jewish origin of David Samuilovich Kaufman. David Samuilovich was born in Moscow, June 1, 1920. Samuel Abramovich Kaufman, Father David, was a famous Moscow venereologist. On behalf of the Father, the poet's pseudonym - David Samoilov. The Higher Education of the young man received at the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History.
In 1939, being a student of 2 courses, David wanted to leave the volunteer to the front of the Finnish War, but was unable for health (in some sources the reason is the insufficient age of a young man). And in 1941, David fell on the labor front of the Great Patriotic War. The future poet is fish in the Smolensk region, the city of Vyazma. There the health of Samoilov worsened, and the young man was sent to the rear, to the Uzbek city of Samarkand. In Uzbekistan, a young man continued to education at the evening branch of the Pedagogical Institute.
After the pedigree, David entered the military-infantry school, but he could not finish it. In 1942, a young man came to the front again, in the Leningrad region, at the city of Tikhvin. By reworing one year, David received a serious injury - a fragment of mines damaged his hand. It happened in the carbusel tract, March 23, 1943. David, being a machine gunner, broke into the enemy turn and alone destroyed three enemies in hand-to-hand combat. For courage in the attack and the perfect feat of Samoilov received the medal "for the courage".
After a year, in March 1944, the brave soldier returned again to the system, now on the line of the Belarusian front and in the rank of Efreitor, where part-time served as writings. In November 1944, Samoilov received another medal - "for military merit". Already after the end of the war, in June 1945, Samoyov was awarded the third award - the Order of the Red Star for capturing the German Unter-Officer, who gave valuable information to Soviet intelligence.
The poet passed the whole war, he was wounded, three awards, participated in the battles for Berlin - Of course, the war left the imprint in the soul of this great man, which later resulted in poems.
Literature
The first publication of the works of the poet took place in 1941, under the author's real name - David Kaufman, the collection was called "Mammoth Hunt." During his studies in Mythli Samoilov, Sergey Sergeyevich Narovchadov, Mikhail Valentinovich Kulchitsky, Boris Abramovich Slutsky, Pavlom Davydovich Kogan, who was dedicated to the Pheem of Five. These authors later began to call the poets of the military generation.
In the first months, on the front, David recorded his poems in the notebook, after the victory, many of them were published in literary magazines. During the Great Patriotic War, Samoilov did not publish poems, with the exception of a satirical poem dedicated to Adolf Hitler.
In addition, life at the front inspired a young man on poetic works about soldier's life in the form of a collective image named Foma Massseln. These poems were printed in local newspapers, inspiring, instilling faith and hope for victory from other soldiers. The most famous poem of David Samuilovich, dedicated to the war, is called "fortieth, fatal ...". It presents a generalized theme of war and the problem of the military generation. But at the same time Samoilov in the work did not affect political topics.
At the end of the war, the poet earned translations and wrote scenarios for radio broadcasts. Literary recognition came to Samoyallov only in 1970, after the release of the collection of poems called "Days". Becoming, David Samuelovich did not led secular life in literary circles, but he was happy to communicate with Heinrich Böllel, Bulat Okudzhava and other talented contemporaries.
In 1972, the poem "Recent Vacations" was published, where various historical periods and countries in the journey of the main character in Germany are erected. In addition to military and historical topics, there is a landscape lyrics in Samoilov (for example, the poem "Red Autumn") and the works of love (Beatrice). The love lyrics of the poet is surprisingly calm and cold, there are no passions in it, characteristic of this genre. Often, the creativity of Samoilova compared with Pushkin: in the lyrics of David Samuilovich, Pushkinism is present in the form of a biographical myth.
In addition to its own poems, the poet translated works by foreign authors, wrote scenarios for theatrical performances, lyrics for movies. Despite serious topics in the work of the poet, he often mentioned as authors of poems from childhood. Books for Samoilov's children wrote in the 80s of the twentieth century. Children's works are filled with historicism, love for the Motherland and the Russian people.
Personal life
Returning to the hero from the war, David married Olga Lazarev Sarelson in 1946. Olga was art historical in the specialty. The biography of the poet Samoilov almost does not talk about the personal life of David Samuilovich. It is known that in marriage Kaufmans had the sole son of Alexander. Alexander Kaufman (Alexander Davydov's pseudonym) went in the footsteps of the Father, becoming a translator and prose.
However, in the first marriage, the family life of David did not work out. The poet repeatedly married Galina Ivanovna Medvedev, in marriage from which Peter was born, Varvara and Paul.
The personal qualities of Samoilova recalled in an interview with his son. David Samuelovich was a man modest, simple and with an amazing sense of humor. In the younger, David had a nickname Dazik among close friends. A lot about Samoyov says a personal diary that the poet behaved the last 28 years of life. After the death of the prose and poems from the diary partially published.
Death
In 1974, Samoilov with his family left Moscow to the city of Pärnu (Estonia). The family lived was not bought until the poet bought the second floor of the house. According to contemporaries, the purest ecology and serenity Pärnu extended the life of the poet for a minimum of several years.
Although Samoilov did not express political views, the staff of the State Security Committee of the USSR constantly looked after the life and creativity of Samoilov, but this was not scarecrow the poet.
David Samuilovich Kaufman hurt the last years of life, but his death became sudden. The poet of February 23, 1990 died, in the city of Pärnu, on the stage of the theater, hiding on a moment behind the scenes and saying goodbye that everything is fine.
Bibliography
- 1958 - "Middle Countries"
- 1961 - "Elephant went to learn"
- 1961 - "House Museum"
- 1962 - "Traffic light"
- 1963 - "The second pass"
- 1970 - "Days"
- 1972 - "Equinox"
- 1974 - "Wave and Stone"
- 1975 - "Riding our dates ..."
- 1978 - "Message"
- 1981 - "Bay"
- 1981 - "Hand lines"
- 1981 - "Toming Street"
- 1983 - "Times"
- 1985 - "Voices for the hills"
- 1987 - "Let the poem" give "
- 1989 - "Handful"
- 1989 - "Beatrice"
- 1990 - "Snowfall"